Тема 7. Многофункциональное слово time

Examples:

1. Time – время, разы, периоды времени;

2. At times = sometimes – иногда;

3. On time – вовремя (по расписанию);

4. In time – вовремя (быть точным);

5. To time – увеличивать, умножать.

Task. Translate the following sentences into Russian

1. There was a time when people knew nothing about electricity.

2. Only electrical sparks jumping between two electrodes were known before Academician Petroff’s time.

3. What time is it? I think it is time to stop working.

4. We haven’t noticed as the time flies and now we are engineers already.

5. How many times a week do you have English lessons?

6. I told you many times: “Before dinner it’s necessary to wash your hands!”

7. New kinds of rays, called lasers, are millions of times brighter than the sun.

8. You may read the text many times but you can’t say what it is about because you think about some other problems.

9. In centers of industry iron rusts 20 times faster than in rural areas.

10. One of the spheres is two times as large as the other one.

11. Four times four is sixteen.

12. To prepare my home work takes me much time.

13. The winter comes and the day-time becomes shorter.

14. In the remote time lightning was a subject for legends.

15. It would not be bad if your telephone wasn’t ringing innumerable times a day.

16. The experiment in question was finished in good time.

17. A car changed its direction from time to time.

18. The busy people time their working day to the minute.

19. For the most people summer-time is the best season of the year.

20. There is a good saying: “All in good time”.

21. It takes you little time to solve this task but the other one can’t be done so quickly.

22. It’s high time to turn our attention to English grammar.

23. The students must come to the Institute in time.

24. History tells much interesting things about former times.

25. We were not late because our plane landed on time.

26. They made an appointment at 5 p.m. and they did all their best to come in time.

27. But for tungsten the electrical lamp filament would burn in no time.

28. Many outstanding Russian scientists lived in tsarist time.

29. This experiment was made for the second time.

30. In mechanics work is the product of force times the distance.

31. At what time shall we have our lecture on physics?

32. At times a spark appeared between the two ends of the wire.

33. From time to time we heard peals of thunder.

34. This train always comes on time.

35. This man always comes in time.

Тема 8. Союзы both … and, either … or, neither … nor

Examples:

1. both … and – так как; и … и

2. either … or – или … или; либо … либо

3. neither … nor – ни … ни

Task. Translate the following sentences into Russian

A.

2. Both coal and oil are minerals.

3. A specialist should master both theory and practice of his subject.

4. There exist many sources of energy in the world both potential and kinetic.

5. There are important differences between two materials both in their technology and in their physical properties.

6. A modern factory building is constructed of either steel or concrete.

7. The dimensions of all bodies are changed either by an increase or decrease in temperature.

8. If the direction of either the magnetic or electrostatic flux is reversed, the direction of the travel of the radio wave is reversed too.

9. Alloys are used in neither medicine nor agriculture.

10. Wood conducts neither heat nor electricity.

11. Gases have neither definite volume nor definite shape.

B.

1. Both water – and wind – operated engines are very economical.

2. Ohm’s law holds true for all circuits both direct and alternating.

3. With alternating current on both plate and grid, the electrode can regain control once each cycle.

4. Kinescope is a large vacuum tube used for both scanning and viewing the transmitted pictures.

5. A fast-neutron reactor which supplies both electricity and heat for desalting sea water was put into operation on the Caspian Sea.

6. Such complex gas turbine plants were built both on open and closed cycle.

7. Both water vapour and steam are known to be invisible.

8. If either the transmitter or the receiver is detuned, the operator misses the transmission.

9. A chemist may either examine a material with instruments or perform tests to identify it more completely.

10. The hydroelectric power plant may be located either at the dam or at a considerable distance below.

11. Power may be developed from water by action of either its pressure, velocity or by combination of both.

12. Either a carefully designated aerial or a waveguide must be used to channel the power in the desired direction.

13. The primary energy source for heating the gas may be either ordinary combustion or fission.

14. These problems seemed difficult to neither our nor foreign scientists.

15. The energy possessed by an isolated body or a system of bodies can neither be created nor destroyed.

16. Neither solidity nor rest exist from the molecular point of view.

17. Solid bodies neither flow as liquids do, nor occupy all available space as gases do.

18. The experimenters paid attention to the fact that the tablet had neither smelted nor lost its initial form, but had become dense and hard.

19. Greek could neither understand their observations in the field of electricity nor make any use of them.

20. Without friction we could neither walk nor stand up in spite of our efforts.