Тема 29. Причастие в функции определения

Examples:

1. The word said by the student was not correct. – Слово, сказанное студентом (которое сказал студент), было неправильным.

2. The man saying goodbye to his friends is a well-known musician. – Человек, прощающийся с друзьями, хорошо известный музыкант.

Task. Translate the following sentences into Russian

A.

1. A letter sent from St. Petersburg today will be in Moscow tomorrow.

2. He saw some people in the post-office sending telegrams.

3. Some of the questions put to the lecturer yesterday were very important.

4. The girl putting the back on the shelf is the new librarian.

5. A word spoken in time may have very important results.

6. The students speaking good English must help their classmates.

7. A line seen through this crystal looks double.

8. A teacher seeing a mistake in a student’s dictation always corrects it.

9. The books written by this author are very popular.

10. The man writing something at the table near the window is my brother.

B.

1. The house surrounded by tall trees is very beautiful.

2. The wall surrounding the house was very high.

3. We couldn’t see the sun covered by the dark clouds.

4. His hat blown off by the wind was lying in the middle of the street.

5. The theory of relativity of Einstein explaining the Universe mathematically is a powerful tool of physics.

6. Carbon atoms bound together form a chain.

7. Organic compounds called hydrocarbons have only hydrogen and carbon.

8. Electrical energy produced on board of spacecraft from chemical, nuclear or solar energy is not efficient enough.

9. Synthetic plastics used in machine-building instead of metals are very popular nowadays.

10. Maxwell’s theory considering electric charges and electric magnetic waves is the foundation of the science of electricity and magnetism.

11. A man weighed on the moon finds out that his weight is one-sixth of his weight on the Earth.

12. An object pushed or pulled by forces changes its position from the state of rest to the state of motion or from motion to rest.

13. A thermodynamic system defined as a body or a group of bodies receiving or giving out heat or other forms of energy is described by the pressure, the temperature and the volume.

14. Rutherford’s discovery of nuclear atom further developed by Bohr, furnished a detailed explanation of the spectrum of the hydrogen atoms.A detailed discussion of the exact nature of all fundamental particles dealt with physics is unnecessary in his book.

Тема 30. Причастие в функции обстоятельства или обстоятельственный (зависимый) причастный оборот

Example:

1. Trying to develop that method, he continued studying the problem. – Пытаясь разработать этот метод, он предложил изучить проблему.

2. Reading a book, he used a dictionary. – Читая книгу, он пользовался словарем.

doing – делая; having done – сделав

Task. Translate the following sentences into Russian

A.

1. Having looked through some magazines, I came across an interesting article.

2. Having written out and learned all the new words, he was able to translate the text easily.

3. Having read the story, she closed the book and put it on the shelf.

4. Having bought some juice and cakes, we went home.

5. Having lived in the south of our country, he cannot enjoy the beauty of St. Petersburg’s White Nights in summer.

6. Carrying on his experiment, he tried to get better results.

7. Having read the book, he went to the library.

8. Having the watts all figured out of any instant, the meter multiplies those by the length of time they are being used.

9. Having lost the key, the boy couldn’t get into the house.

10. Having graduated from the university, he decided to go to the Far East.

B.

1. Having fulfilled the terms of the contract, we refused to admit the claim of the film.

2. Having collected all the material, he was able to write a full report on the work of the commission.

3. Having descended the mountain, they heard a man calling for help.

4. Having written his first book, he couldn’t help worrying about the reaction of the critics.

5. Having been so far away from home, he still felt himself part of the family.

6. Having discussed characteristics of these rays, we shall now be concerned with the problem of identifying them.

7. Having studied the electronic structure of electricity, we shall now discuss the quantum structure of light on the basis of the photoelectric effect.

8. Having defined the units for length, mass and time, we can express through them the units for all other physical quantities.

9. Having applied this method, we shall be in a position to corroborate the theory.

10. Having studied nuclear reactions, we now turn to the question of how these radiations interact as they go through matter.

11. Having finished the test, he put down the results.

12. Having stated the laws of gravity, Newton was able to explain the structure of the Universe.

13. Having published his book about space exploration in 1895, Tsiolkovsky became known all over the world.

14. Having designed a car radar, the engineers started complex tests.

15. Having summed up the information about the speed and distance of various objects ahead, the computer detects all possible dangers and their nature.

16. Speaking of hydraulic turbines, it is interesting to point out that there has been a great increase in size, capacity and output of Russian turbines.Using a computer you can solve a lot of problems.Using superconductivity in thermonuclear installations, it is possible to make any experiments.