УП_Баранова_ АЯ_1

sey paid attention to the place of confluence of the two rivers – the Enisey and the Kacha. The beauty of these places amazed them – steppes, mountains and the taiga stretched for miles around. The ostrog got its presentday name “Krasnoyarsk” at the end of the 17th century. The status of the city was got by Krasnoyarsk in 1690. In the 18th century the Moscow High Road went through the whole city.

Krasnoyarsk is a cultural center of Siberia. In its history there are many outstanding names among which you can find a painter Vassily Surikov, a merchant-bibliophile Gennady Yudin, an opera singer Dmitry Khvorostovsky, a choreographer Michail Godenko, a two times Olympic champion in wrestling Ivan Yarigin.

Five professional theatres function in the city: the House of Opera and Ballet, a drama theatre, a musical theatre, a puppet theatre and a theatre of young spectators. Besides there are two concert halls, the Organ Hall, a circus, the museum of local lore, history and economy, the Surikov house-museum, a picture gallery and a large exhibition complex. 62 libraries are open for readers in the city.

Krasnoyarsk is included into the list of historical places in the Russian Federation. The centre of ancient Krasnoyarsk and historical buildings constructed in the 19th – and at the beginning of the 20th centuries are rather well preserved. On the city territory there are some memorials dating back to the archeology of the Stone Age such as Afontova Hill, Bugach, Gremyachy Log and others.

Krasnoyarsk is rich in knowledge! The city is one of the largest Siberian scientific centers. Intellectual potential is consolidated under Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Six large institutes, such as Kirensky Institute of Physics, the Sukachev Forest Institute, the Institute of Chemistry and the Computer Center are included in it. There are a great number of schools and 13 higher educational institutions in Krasnoyarsk. Among them State, Technical, Agrarian, Technological and Teacher training universities, Academy of non-ferrous metals and gold, Aerospace, Medical and ArchitecturalConstructing academies, Institute of Arts, Trade-Economic Institute.

The leading branch of industry in Krasnoyarsk is non-ferrous metallurgy. More than 30 heavy, light, alloyed, rare-earth metals and elements are produced in the city, and the most important are aluminum, platinum and gold. The largest industrial enterprises are the Krasnoyarsk Aluminum Plant, the Krasnoyarsk Plant of Non-ferrous Metals and Gold, the “Sibe-

30

lectrostal” Plant, the Metallurgical Plant, the Software Plant and many others.

It goes without saying; the main sight of Krasnoyarsk is the Enisey. Its length is 3, 487 km. On the way to the ocean the great Siberian river takes more that 500 large tributaries. Not by chance it was the Enisey where the most powerful in Eurasia hydroelectric power-stations were built: the Sayano-Shushenskaya (built in 1980) and the Krasnoyarsk Hydroelectric Power-station (1972). The latter is one of the regional symbols: together with the railway bridge across the Enisey and the Chapel of Paraskeva Pyatnitsa the dam of the station is depicted on ten-ruble banknotes.

Krasnoyarsk bridges also belong to the main sights of the city. The railway bridge across the Enisey built in 1899 by the engineer-mechanic E. K. Knorre was awarded a gold medal at the world exhibition in Paris in 1900 as the highest achievement of technical thought. A gold medal was also won by the world-known Eiffel tower. Unique bridges across the Enisey were built by our contemporaries, too. In 1961 a municipal bridge whose length is 2,100 meters was put into operation. But the Oktyabrsky road-transport bridge across the Enisey built in 1986 appeared to be even more grandiose; with 41 meters in width and its length is more than 5 kilometers.

Krasnoyarsk is a city of mass and professional sports. Twice it was the capital of All-Union Winter Spartakiads. It happened not only because of the unique sports centers in the city: there are three Palaces of Sports with artificial ice, 15 stadiums, 11 swimming pools, 12 skating rinks, 106 football fields, 208 sports halls, a complex of jumping-off places, among them there is a one hundred ski-jump, the biggest in Russia, but also because of a traditional interest of Siberians to sports. No wonder that such kinds of sports as wrestling and Greco-Roman one, judo, ice-hockey, rugby and motorcycle races on the ice are loved by the people of Krasnoyarsk.

Marvelous nature surrounding the city makes for the development of tourism. Next to the city there is a wonderful state reservation “Stolby” attracting numerous tourists. It was organized in 1925. Here craggy rocks tower above the taiga on the territory numbering 47,000 hectares. They are about one hundred. For million years rains and winds, the cold and the sun were carving fantastical figures from these wild rocks. People named them differently: “Devil‟s Finger”, “Big Golden Eagle”, “Totem”, “Lion Gates”, “Gryphon”, “Feathers”, etc.

31

From time immemorial the reserve has been the favorite resting place of the Krasnoyarsk citizens. The most famous Krasnoyarsk alpinists the Abalakov brothers began their way to the peaks beyond the clouds from

“Stolby”. Every generation of Siberian people were taught here, on “Stolby”, to be adroit and brave, to be a true friend and to love. And no wonder that Krasnoyarsk citizens always bring their dearest guest, the nearest man to “Stolby” “to run on the rocks together”.

Text Exercises

Упражнение 1. Что значат эти даты в истории Красноярска:

1900, 1961, 1986, 1925, 1690, 1628, 1972?

Упражнение 2. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту.

1)Who founded Krasnoyarsk and when?

2)Why did the Cossacks choose this place for the future town?

3)Why can one call Krasnoyarsk a cultural centre of Siberia?

4)Are there many historical buildings and monuments in Kras-

noyarsk?

5)Where is knowledge and science consolidated in Krasnoyarsk?

6)What kinds of industries are leading ones in our city?

7)What is the connection between Krasnoyarsk and ten-ruble banknotes?

8)Why are the bridges over the Enisey called unique?

9)What kinds of sports are loved by people of Krasnoyarsk?

10)What can your say about the reservation “Stolby”? Have you

been there?

Упражнение 2. Скажите, какая информация о Красноярске была вам неизвестна.

Упражнение 3. Прочтите предложения и скажите, о каких достопримечательностях и архитектурных сооружениях Красноярска идѐт речь.

1. Before the revolution this building belonged to the Gadalovs. Children like to visit it.

32

2.This building is one of the most beautiful constructions of the city. It was built in 1978 when we celebrated the 350th anniversary of the city‟s foundation.

3.In this building you can find any book you want. Besides, there are journals, newspapers, manuscripts and a large department of foreign literature.

4.Among the dark wooden houses there is an unusual structure in red bricks. It‟s the former Roman Catholic Church built in 1911 according to the plan of the Krasnoyarsk architect Sokolovsky. One can find here all the features of South French Gothic of the middle ages.

5.It was founded in 1828 by order of the first Yeniseisk governor Stepanov on the territory of natural forest and is one of the most favorite places of rest of the citizens of Krasnoyarsk. In summer a children‟s railway, one of the first in the country, is functioning here.

6.This building of oriental style was built in 1929 to the design of the Krasnoyarsk architect I. Chernishov. It looks very much like an ancient Egyptian temple.

7.It was built in 1855 on the place of the former watch tower on the hill overlooking the Katscha River. At the beginning of the 17th century day and night round there was a sentry-post with guards keeping watch over the environs and signaling with flash-lights in case of danger.

Упражнение 4. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1.Красноярск расположен в очень красивом месте: вокруг тайга, горы и степи.

2.Наш город был основан казаками во главе с Андреем Дубенским в августе 1628 года на месте слияния Енисея и Качи.

3.Многие выдающиеся имена есть в его истории, например, художник Суриков, купец-библиофил Юдин, оперный певец Хворостовский, олимпийский чемпион Ярыгин.

4.В Красноярске есть пять профессиональных театров, органный зал, краеведческий музей, два концертных зала и выставочный комплекс.

5.Такие университеты, как государственный, технический, аграрный, технологический, педагогический, а также академии цветных металлов и золота, аэрокосмическая, медицинская и архитектурностроительная позволяют студентам получить престижные профессии.

33

6.На производственных предприятиях Красноярска производят сплавы, тяжѐлые, лѐгкие и редкоземельные металлы.

7.Благодаря десятирублѐвой банкноте вся страна знает, что в Красноярске есть гидроэлектростанция, часовня Параскевы Пятницы

ижелезнодорожный мост через Енисей.

8.В Красноярске очень любят такие виды спорта, как вольная

игреко-римская борьба, регби, мотогонки на льду, хоккей с мячом.

9.Самая главная достопримечательность Красноярска – заповедник «Столбы»; с незапамятных времѐн заповедник – это любимое место отдыха жителей города.

10.На территории в 47000 гектаров расположены удивительные скалы, многие из которых имеют имена: «Чѐртов Палец», «Львиные Ворота», «Большой Беркут», «Перья» и другие.

11.Каждое поколение сибиряков училось здесь, на «Столбах», быть смелыми, храбрыми, любить и быть настоящим другом; неудивительно, что красноярцы всегда зовут своих гостей и друзей на «Столбы», чтобы «пробежаться по скалам вместе».

Упражнение 5. Аудирование. Прослушайте рассказ о небольшом городке неподалѐку от Лондона.

An English Town

Dorking is a small town about 25 miles south of London. Most of the buildings in Dorking are at least 100 years old. The church is about 150 years old, and many of the houses are of that age. One street, West Street, is very old. It is full of antique shops, and many of them are in 17th- century buildings. There are also many old pubs in Dorking and one old hotel. But not all the buildings in the town are old; there is also a modern shopping centre and a very new sports centre. There are many restaurants in Dorking and a lot of shops; there are two supermarkets, but no department stores. Every Friday, there is a market in the town.

Dorking‟s communications are very good. There are three railway stations, with lines going north to London, west to Guildford and east to

Gatwick, London‟s second airport. Dorking is also close to the M25, which is the motorway that goes around London. Another road, the A24, goes north to London and south to the coast.

34

Упражнение 6. Опираясь на содержание приведѐнного выше отрывка, подберите английский перевод этих слов на русском языке.

1.	At least	а) побережье
2.	Full	б) антикварные магазины
3.	Antique shops	в) пути сообщения
4.	Pub	г) рынок
5.	Modern	д) современный
6.	Sports centre	е) паб
7.	Market	ж) как минимум
8.	Communications	з) аэропорт
9.	Airport	и) спорткомплекс
10. Coast		к) полный

Упражнение 7. Ответьте на вопросы, относящиеся к тексту о Доркинге.

1.How far is Dorking from London?

2.How old is the church?

3.Where can you find antique shops?

4.Is the town hall an old building?

5.How many supermarkets are there in Dorking?

6.How many department stores are there?

7.Which day is market day?

8.Where does the railway line north go to?

9.What is Gatwick?

10.Where does the A24 south go to?

Упражнение 8. По образцу описания Доркинга попробуйте написать небольшой рассказ о российском городе, который вам хорошо знаком.

Grammar Exercises

Упражнение 1. Вставьте some, any или no там, где это необхо-

димо.

1. There are … schools in this street. 2. Are there … pictures in your book? 3. There are … flowers here in winter. 4. I can see … children in the yard. They are playing. 5. Are there … new buildings in your street?

35

6. Do you like … apples? 7. There are … people in the park because it is cold. 8. I see … boys in the garden, but Mike is not among them. 9. Give me … tea, please, I‟m thirsty. 10. Do you want … milk in your coffee? 11. Have you got … time to spare? I‟d like to ask you … questions. 12. My brother doesn‟t like … carrots. 13. Is there … cheese on the plate? 14. My mother likes … music. 15. There is … ham on the plate. 16. There is … tea in the cup: the cup is empty. 17. Are there … sweets in your bag? –

Yes, there are … . 18. Is there … paper on the table? 19. It is winter. There are … leaves on the trees. 20. People need … oxygen for breathing.

Упражнение 2. Поставьте следующие предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную форму:

1.They have done something. 2. He has given them some money.

3.You have brought something for us. 4. I have taken some English books from you. 5. She was reading something. 6. He has written a letter to somebody. 7. Somebody by the name of Petrov lives on the third floor. 8. They have some English books. 9. Peter has something in his box. 10. She has seen this man somewhere.

Упражнение 3. Вставьте одно из следующих слов: a) something, anything, nothing, everything.

1. Give me … to read, please. – With pleasure. 2. I don‟t know … about your town. Tell me … about it. 3. Please give me … warm: it is cold here. 4. I understand ... now. Thank you for your explanation. 5. There is

… white in the bottle. What is it?

b) somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody.

1. Did he ask … to help him? 2. I have seen … I know at the lecture. 3. Do you really think that … visits this place? 4. … knows that water is necessary for life. 5. There is … in the next room. I don‟t know him.

c) somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere.

1. You must go … next summer. 2. Did you go … on Sunday? 3. Let‟s go … . The weather is fine. 4. I can find my glasses … . I always put them … and then look for them. 5. Today is a holiday. The streets are full of people. There are flags, banners and flowers … .

Упражнение 4. Переведите на английский язык следующие пары слов:

36

а) много тетрадей, много молока, много воды, много дней, много газет, много мела, много снега, много лет, много картин, много музыки, много девочек, много чая, много лимонов, много мяса, много комнат, много учителей, много работы, много воздуха, много птиц, много машин;

б) мало домов, мало чая, мало чашек, мало яблок, мало окон, мало бумаги, мало кофе, мало статей, мало радости, мало супу, мало деревьев, мало травы, мало детей, мало игрушек, мало света, мало парт, мало колбасы, мало сока, мало книг, мало цветов, мало соли, мало друзей, мало дворцов;

в) немного денег, мало денег, несколько стульев, мало стульев, несколько песен, мало песен, немного веселья, мало веселья, мало мальчиков, мало воды, немного воды, несколько человек, мало воздуха, мало столов, несколько минут, несколько кошек, немного удачи, несколько дней, мало работы, немного соли, несколько ложек, мало света, мало окон, несколько машин, немного сахару, мало яиц, мало сыра.

Упражнение 5. Из предложенных слов составьте: а) повествовательные предложения

1.Spaghetti, likes, much, Janet, very.

2.On, work, can, Monday, we, start.

3.A, Jane, her, party, met, friends, at.

4.You, doesn‟t, dance, to, she, with, want.

5.Winter, it, in, cold, isn‟t, in, England.

6.To, radio, listen, I‟d, to, like, the.

7.Has, on, my, flat, a, sixth, friend‟s, got, the, family, floor.

8.Cinema, we, to, tonight, are, the, going.

9.Bus, we, excursion, are, by, going, an, on.

10.At, he, lunch, o‟clock, always, has, 1.

б) вопросительные предложения

1.Moment, what, you, at, are, the, wearing?

2.Living, you, were, where, you, started, when, school?

3.Go, you, where, holiday, were, did, child, when, you, on, a?

4.Play, any, the, at, sports, weekend, you, do?

5.Up, time, morning, what, did, get, this, you?

6.Pyramids, Egypt, ever, to, to, been, the, have, see, you?

37

7.Mother, look, you, your, like, do?

8.Work, for, you, do, company, which?

Упражнение 6. Задайте общие вопросы к предложениям: Example: My brother likes skating. – Does my brother like skating? 1. He translates a lot of letters into English. 2. Little children like to

ask many questions. 3. Their classes will last till four of clock tomorrow.

4. You‟ve already done this task. 5. My children are at college. 6. She can play the guitar very well. 7. There are many people in the library now. 8. He has already read a lot of English books. 9. She spends a lot of time on her English. 10. I will show you how to do it.

Упражнение 7. Задайте альтернативные вопросы к выделенным словам (число вопросов указано в скобках):

Example: My brother likes skating (3). –

Does your brother like skating or skiing? Does your or his brother like skating? Does your brother or Pete like skating?

1. The film was exciting (2). 2. Thousands of people have visited the exhibition (2). 3. He watches TV every day (3). 4. They can go to the country on Friday (3). 5. She has painted the walls (3).

Упражнение 8. Задайте разделительные вопросы:

Example: She has already come. – She has already come, hasn’t

she?

1. They will return in a month. 2. Open the window. 3. I‟m late. 4. There is a theatre in the centre of the city. 5. She has never been to the

Zoo. 6. Don‟t go there. 7. Peter and Ann know English well. 8. He didn‟t do his homework. 9. Let‟s go to the country. 10. Nobody has come yet. 11. She won‟t be playing the piano at twelve. 12. They can‟t speak German at all. 13. She knows him. 14. There weren‟t any mistakes in his dictation. 15. It isn‟t raining now.

Упражнение 9. Задайте специальные вопросы к предложениям (число вопросов указано в скобках):

Example: We are going to Moscow soon (3). –

Who is going to Moscow? Where are we going soon?

38

When are we going to Moscow?

1. My working day lasts eight hours. (3) 2. I have read this book in the original. (3) 3. They were watching TV when I came. (4) 4. I was absent because I was ill. (2) 5. It takes me two hours to get there. (2) 6. They are going to travel by car. (3) 7. I always speak English to him. (3) 8. She will do the work in two days‟ time. (3). 9. I can teach you to swim. (3) 10. We have known the Browns for twenty years already. (3)

Упражнение 10. Дополните предложения предлогами времени at, in, on, from … till, since, by, for:

1.We have been friends … childhood. 2. She will be at the Institute

…10 a.m. … 3 p.m. 3. She has lived in St. Petersburg … 1970. 4. I shall read this book … the end of the week. 5. I haven‟t spoken to him … 2 months. 6. Do you think he is going to stay … ever? 7. He bought the car

…August. 8. He never comes to class … time. 9. She arrived … five o‟clock in a taxi. 10. Every morning I get on the bus … 8.30. 11. I won‟t be back … several hours. You should eat without me. 12. Everyone finished dinner … seven o‟clock. 13. Will you lend me your pen … a minute? 14. I have known Dan ... many years. 15. I have been working on this … two hours. 16. He gets up … seven o‟clock … the morning and goes to bed … eleven. 17. His office hours are … ten … six. 18. The train will leave … two minutes. 19. I was not there … last summer. 20. Can you meet me … Friday afternoon? 21. She always visits me … Sundays. 22. It‟s very cool here … the evening. 23. I met her … 1982. 24. She got many nice presents … her birthday. 25. They may stay in Europe … several months.

Упражнение 11. К предложениям (левая колонка) подберите их логические окончания (правая колонка).

1. He put his pen and pencils …		1) on a small table
2.	There is a cat …	2) into a pencil-box
3.	There is a TV set …	3) on the wall
4.	There are green curtains …	4) in the garden
5.	There is a round table …	5) in the garden
6.	There are some pictures …	6) above sea level
7.	The children are playing …	7) across the street
8.	There are four chairs …	8) from the table

39