Test 20
I. Match the words.
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1. advance
a. усовершенствование
2. emergency
b.объединение
3. improvement
c. местонахождение
4. facility
d. автоматизированное рабочее место
5. location
e. связь
6. provide
f. экран
7. screen
g. крайняя необходимость
8. workstation
h. обеспечивать
9. consolidation
i. оборудование
10. communication
j. успех
II. Choose the correct word.
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a) communicate b) includes c) allow d) handle e) houses f) recent
1. The Dufford centre ___ dispatchers, locomotive distribution and train performance managers in a single location.
2. Dispatchers at the Dufford Centre ___ 1 400 trains a day on 29 000 route-km.
3. Computers ___ dispatchers to cover greater territories by removing paperwork.
4. Dispatchers ___ with crews in their territories via radio
5. Information displayed to the dispatchers ___ train identities and locations, along with signal, turnout and track status.
III. Decide if the sentences are true (t) or false (f).
1. The Dufford Centre is equipped with electro-mechanical switches and push buttons to set turnouts or clear signals.
2. CSXT controls its entire network from one location.
3. In the early 20th century stations had to be built at 16 km intervals because CSXT had 650 dispatchers at 33 locations.
4. The Dufford dispatching center allowed CSXT to increase the number of dispatchers.
5. Dispatchers at the Dufford Centre perform a lot of paperwork.
Unit 21
Read the text. Choose the correct answer.
1. Each freight-yard office is equipped / is produced with a computer input device.
2. The central computer is usually located at a freight-yard office / company headquarters.
3. An individually coded transponder is read by a railroad’s managers / scanners beside the track.
4. Customers can have access to the information on their consignments / the status of the track.
5. The data produced by the computer are used to aid in distributing cars / scanning the information at trackside.
Computerization of Railroad Operations
Computers have found many uses as a railroad management aid. In rail freight operation, each freight-yard office or terminal is equipped with a computer input device. Through this device, full information about every car movement taking place at that point can be placed directly into the central computer, usually located at company headquarters. From data received from all the freight-yard offices and terminals on the railroad, the computer can produce train-consist reports, car-location reports, car-movement information, traffic-flow data and data on the freight car needs at each location to aid in distributing empty cars for loading. Computers enable railroads to plan most efficient use of locomotives and cars. Each car is fitted with an individually coded transponder that is read by electronic scanners at trackside. Major customers can be equipped for direct access to the railroad computer system, so that they can instantly monitor the status of their freight consignments.
Another important application of computers is to passenger train seat and sleeping berth reservation.
Computerization has given a railroad’s managers a complete, up-to-the-minute picture of almost every phase of its operations. Such complete information has proved a powerful tool for optimizing railroad operations, controlling costs, and producing better service.
Read and remember the meanings of the words and phrases.
freight operation – грузовые операции
equip – оборудовать
input device – устройство ввода
point – пункт
directly – непосредственно
locate – располагать (помещать)
data – данные
traffic-flow – грузопоток
fit – снабжать
customer – клиент
access – доступ
freight consignment – отправка груза
application – применение
reservation – бронирование, предварительный заказ
1. Group the words which can go together.
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1. input
a. flow
2. traffic
b. access
3. empty
c. device
4. car
d. picture
5. complete
e. location
6. direct
f. car
2. Find in the text the words that mean:
1. Electronic machine that processes data.