Check list to Unit III

1. What are most current commercialized applications limited to?

2. What are the most common nanomaterials?

3. What are the most famous objects in nanotechnology?

Unit four

• Grammar: Participle II.

Degrees of Comparison.

• Word-formation: Prefixes de-, re-.

Lesson one

Pre-text Exercises

I. Practise the reading of the following words:

device, to device, digital, precision, design, equation, mainframe, bubble, hardware, tremendous, software.

II. Make sure if you can read these words correctly and say what words in the Russian language help you to guess their meaning:

computer, mathematician, mechanical, algebra, logician, coded, formulating, symbolically, differential, analyzer, program, cylindrically, transistor, production, electronic, miniaturization, technology, integrated, efficient, magnetic, information, packed, scale.

III. a) Give the initial forms of the following words:

scientists, invented, calculating, devices, developed, formulating, advances, introduced, units, stores, computing, shaped, circuits, names, capacities, devised, machines, designing;

b)Give the initial words of the following derivatives:

invention, development, mechanical, notable, digital, symbolically, faster, production, electronic, researcher, earlier, storage, magnetic, densely, equipment.

IV. a) Form verbs adding the prefixes a) de- and b) re- to the given verbs and translate them:

Example: a) to code — кодировать, to decode-декодировать;

b) to colour — красить, to recolour — перекрашивать

a ) to compose, to couple, to generate, to activate, to tune, to magnetize, to polarize, to energize, to excitate, to clutch, to camp, to carbonize, to frost, to control, to mount, to form;

b) to arm, to arrange, to consider, to count, to cover, to model, to construct, to name, to equip, to build, to make, to move, to organize, to place, to produce, to distribute, to measure, to create, to use.

V. Make sure if you remember the meaning of the following verbs. Consult a dictionary:

to calculate, to invent, to continue, to provide, to propose, to result (in), to enable, to design, to store, to contain, to undertake, to complete, to need, to prove, to expect.

VI. Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to the degrees of comparison:

A. 1. This classroom is larger and lighter than other classrooms. It is the largest and the lightest room here. 2. Mathematics is more important for technical students than many other subjects 3. Lesson 3 is much easier than lesson 4. 4. This article is much more interesting than that one. 5. Exercise 10 is the most difficult one. 6. This instrument is more efficient than the other one. 7. This town is as large as that one. 8. These engines are not so powerful as those motors. 9. The speed of our first sputniks was as big as 11 kilometres per second.

B. 1. The nearer the earth, the denser the atmosphere. 2. The higher the voltage, the higher is the electron velocity. 3. The bigger the mass, the bigger the weight of the body. 4. The higher the temperature, the more rapid is the motion of the molecules. 5. The greater the number of free electrons in a substance, the better this substance conducts electricity. 6. The smaller a particle, the greater its surface area to volume ratio and the higher its chemical reactivity and biological activity.

VII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the functions of Participle II:

1. The discovery mentioned remained unknown to most scientists for a long time. 2. Inventors and corporations are not far behind -- today, more than 13,000 patents registered with the U.S. Patent Office have the word "nano" in them. 3. When passed through a motor, electric current can do work. 4. The students have conducted all the experiments. 5. These instruments recorded the cosmic rays and the information obtained was sent back by the radar to the ground. 6. When heated, a magnet loses some of its magnetism. 7. The results received changed with material used. 8. Unless repaired, this part cannot be used in the radio set. 9. The substances investigated showed quite interesting properties. 10. When developed, the device was used for amplification of radio signals. 11. The developed technology enables us to improve the quality of articles produced. 12. The first laser was developed in 1960. 13. The methods introduced received general recognition. 14. If frozen, water becomes ice. 15. The device used in our work is up-to-date. 16. The apparatus tested is looked upon as an experimental one. 17. When required, these data will be applied in our practical work. 18. The investigation analyzed resulted in an interesting discovery.

VIII. Match up the words which are opposite in meaning:

1. fast, expensive, early, high, tremendous;

2. low, late, tiny, cheap, slow.

7. Try to memorize all words and word-groups:

■ to open the way - открыть путь; ■ to push innovation - ускорить инновационный процесс; ■ huge potential advantages - огромные преимущества в будущем; ■ a fair competition - честное соревнование; ■ a knowledge-based society - общество, базирующееся на знании; ■ nanotechnology-based - основанный на нанотехнологии; ■ raw materials scarcity - нехватка сырья; ■ surveillance and tracking/tracing technology - технология наблюдения и прослеживания; ■ to lack behind - отставать от;■ a foresight – предвидение; ■ to benefit - извлекать пользу, выгоду; ■ a sustainable development - устойчивое развитие; ■ social welfare requirements - необходимые условия социального обеспечения

■