- •Contents
- •Предисловие
- •Unit one
- •Lesson one
- •Lesson two
- •Text a What is nanotechnology?
- •Lesson three
- •Lesson four
- •Text c Nanotechnology
- •Check list to Unit I
- •Unit two
- •Lesson one
- •Lesson two
- •Text a Nanomaterials
- •Lesson three
- •Text b Nanotechnologies and nanomaterials in electrical and electronic goods
- •Lesson four
- •Text c The Latest Miracle Nanomaterial
- •Check list to Unit II.
- •Unit three
- •Lesson one
- •Lesson two
- •Text a Applications of nanotechnology
- •Lesson 3
- •Text b Applications of Nanomaterials in Electronics
- •Lesson 4
- •Check list to Unit III
- •Unit four
- •Lesson one
- •Lesson two
- •Text a nanotechnologies - huge opportunities and many unknowns
- •Lesson three
- •Text b What are nanotechnology’s prospects?
- •Lesson four
- •Nanomaterials – Potential Risks for Human Health and the Environment
- •Checklist to unit IV
- •Text II
- •Text III.
- •Faster, lighter computers possible with nanotechnology
- •Computing applications
- •Text IV
- •Closeness breeds material changes
- •Health and environmental issues
- •Potential for Human Exposure and Environmental Contamination
- •Toxicity
- •Text VII
- •A Center for Nanotechnology
- •Text VIII
- •Use of Nanomaterials in Lighting/Displays
- •Text IX
- •Use of Nanomaterials in Lasers
- •Text XI Nanotechnology Coatings
- •Appendix 2 word formation Словообразование
- •1. Underline the stems in the following words
- •2. Which of the given words are nouns or verbs? Why?
- •11. Read the following words. What are their prefixes? stems? suffixes?
- •12. Translate into Russian in writing
- •13. Translate the following words into Russian. Say how they were formed
- •14. Form as many new words as possible from the following ones:
- •Конверсия
- •16. Look up the meanings of these words in a dictionary, if necessary. How are they translated in the sentences below? Mind the word order
- •Предлоги и союзы. Фразовые глаголы
- •In case, unless, provided/providing:
- •In, at, on для обозначения места:
- •Appendix 3
- •Information on Abstracts
- •Краткий грамматический справочник
- •1. Глагол
- •1. Основные формы глагола
- •§ 2. Система грамматических времен английского языка (English Tenses)
- •Времена группы Indefinite
- •Спряжение глаголов группы Indefinite
- •2. Времена группы Continuous
- •Спряжение глаголов группы Continuous
- •3. Времена группы Perfect
- •4. Времена группы Perfect Continuous
- •Спряжение глаголов группы Perfect Continuous
- •3. Страдательный залог (The Passive Voice)
- •1. Способы перевода глагола-сказуемого
- •4. Согласование времен (The Sequence of Tenses)
- •5. Модальные глаголы (Modal Verbs)
- •Наиболее употребительные модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты
- •6. Сослагательное наклонение (The Subjunctive Mood)
- •7. Условные предложения (The Conditional Clauses)
- •Бессоюзные условные предложения
- •8. Глагол to be (to be - was, were - been)
- •9. Глагол to have (to have — had — had)
- •The infinitive
- •1. Forms of the infinitive
- •2. Functions of the infinitive
- •3. Infinitive constructions
- •The participle
- •1. Forms of the participle
- •2. Functions of the participle
- •3. Participle constructions
- •The gerund
- •1. Forms of the gerund
- •2. Functions of the gerund
- •3. Complex gerund construction
- •Краткий терминологический словарь
- •Список литературы
Lesson two
I. Study text A. Try to understand all details. Use a dictionary if necessary.
Text a nanotechnologies - huge opportunities and many unknowns
Renewing the world with nanotechnologies – New boost for competitiveness and welfare Evolution of nanotechnologies and their opportunities for citizens and welfare.
Dr. F. Roure, French ministry of economy, finance and industry.
The development of nanotechnologies has opened the way to major scientific discoveries and consequently pushed innovation forward in fields of increasing complexitiy, from already available synthetic nanoparticles and nanomaterials, to nanosystems and networks of nano-enabled systems tomorrow.
Nanotechnology-enabled and converging transformational technologies bring with them an entirely new, unthought world with huge potential advantages for the people, as well as potential hyperchoice. The conditions of a fair competition amongst stakeholders - private as well as public ones- leading to better, sustainable and appropriate technical solutions at more affordable price, may not be spontaneously provided. Nanotechnologies exports control, industrial secrecy and intellectual property rights models, inherited from the industrial revolution need, to be redesigned for a knowledge-based society, as well as the ways and means by which democracies sort out the acceptable finalities of nano-enhanced progress, from the ones requiring repressive measures.
Nanotechnology-based, green-house gas effect neutral energy technologies, nanofiltration for bringing drinkable water to the 2.3 billion people who lack it, raw materials scarcity, nano-enabled security and safety technologies of surveillance and tracking/tracing technologies compliant with privacy and human rights, pervasive mobility and ubiquity allowed by nanoelectronics, sustainable mind and body functionalities provided by nanodevices for medicine, are providing a renewed idea of welfare. The already hanging fruits in those domains should be fairly presented to the consumers, and appropriate regulations, if duly rooted upon the pilars of environmental and societal risk assessments are expected to strengthening the co-evolution of quality of life and of the industrial production on a world-wide basis.
Public "metrics", statistics and economic indicators are lacking behind the on-going production and trade expansion related to nanotechnologies, leaving researchers and the public authorities with interesting, but partial and onerous estimations of markets and activities, offered under private responsibility. Foresight, strategic planning and public policies would benefit from a quick and significant improvement of state-of-the-art publicly available data and assessment methodologies, in order to define appropriate evaluation and a joint, global governance framework.
Facing major initiatives in the Asia-Pacific areas as well as in North America, supported by private funding from research to seed and venture capital as well as by public precompetitive research and procurement fundings, the European stakeholders, living in an ageing area, may consider sustainable development and social welfare requirements as valuable cultural incentives for promoting an internationally competitive supply of european industrial nanotechnologies and nano-enabled goods and services.
II. Add to your list of words some new words with the prefix «nano-» from this text. Comment on them. Learn them.
III. Answer the following questions:
1. What are the opportunities of nanotechnology?
2. How has the development of nanotechnologies pushed innovation forward?
3. What will strengthen the coevolution of quality of life?
4. Statistics and economic indicators are not lacking behind the on-going production, are they?
.IV. Write out of the text the words and word combinations for describing the opportunities of nanotechnology.
V. Divide text A into logical parts and find the topical sentences in each part.
VI. Speak about the evolution of nanotechnologies and their opportunities for citizens and welfare using the topical sentences.