Предлоги и союзы. Фразовые глаголы

For – в течение, в продолжение, (как долго?):

for an hour, for a month.

For – так как:

We couldn't start the experiment for we didn't have all the necessary facilities.

During – в течение, в продолжение:

during the experiment.

While – когда, в то время как:

Robert suddenly began to feel ill while he was doing the examination.

As, as long as, as well as, as if, like:

As – так как:

As the aesthetics should be observed the antennae were designed as lighting towers along walkways.

As – когда:

As a sponsor paid business model is developed service providers will significantly enhance revenue potential.

As long as – если:

The firm will expand its coverage as long as it has paying customers.

As well as – и, а также:

Tesla developed techniques to relocate capacity in-house as well as developing specific solutions to solve the architectural problem.

As if – как, как будто, как если бы:

It sounds as if a real time monitoring represents genuine innovation.

Like – как; такой же, как; например:

Like every manager you must make important decisions. Many factors like crowd behavior may influence capacity potential.

In case, unless, provided/providing:

In case – если:

I'll give you my phone number in case you need to contact me.

Unless – если не:

Unless you work much harder you won't be able to pass the exam.

Provided/Providing – если, при условии:

Provided/Providing you study hard you'll pass your exams.

If/whether – ли:

They couldn't decide whether/if it was worth re-sitting the exam.

At, on, in для обозначения времени:

At – для обозначения времени:

at 8 o'clock, at dawn, at lunch time.

On – для обозначения дней недели и дат:

on Monday /on Mondays; on 8 March, 2002; on my birthday; on Christmas Day.

In – для обозначения относительно длительных периодов времени:

in May, in spring, in 1990s, in 1991, in the XX^th century, in the future.

At используется в следующих устоявшихся сочетаниях:

at night, at the weekend, at Christmas/Easter, at the moment, at present, at the same time.

In – употребляется в выражениях:

in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening,

но

on Monday morning, on Saturday afternoon, on Sunday evening и т.д.

Перед словами last, next, this, every предлоги at, on, in не употребляются.

Предлог in часто употребляется для обозначения времени в будущем:

in a week – через неделю;

in five minutes – через пять минут.

In, at, on для обозначения места:

In (в, внутри):

in a house, in a building, in a box, in a garden.

At (у, около, в, на поверхности):

at the window, at the bus stop, at the end of the page, at the top of the page, at the end of the street.

On (на, на поверхности):

on the floor, on the door, on a page.

Сравните:

on/at the corner of the street;

in the corner of the room;

in the front/back of a car (на переднем/заднем сидении);

at the front/back of a building/cinema/group of people;

on the front/back of a letter/piece of paper.

Запомните:

in bed /in hospital /in prison;

at home /at work /at school /at University /at college /at a

party /at a concert /at a conference /at any event;

on a bus /on a train /on a plane /on a ship,

но

in a car /in a taxi;

on a bicycle /on a motorcycle /on a horse.

On, in, at – другие случаи:

on holiday /on business /on a trip /on a tour /on a cruise;

on television /on the radio;

on the phone /telephone;

on the whole;

on purpose;

(write) in ink /in biro /in pencil;

in words /in figures /in block letters;

in cash;

in (my) opinion;

at the age of ... (at a speed of ... /at a temperature of ...).

By:

by post /by hand /by cheque/ by credit card;

by mistake /by accident /by chance;

by car /by train /by bus etc.;

by road /by rail /by air /by sea /by underground;

by millions of people /by Pushkin;

increased by $100 /by 10 per cent;

by (before)5 o'clock;

by (near) the door.

To, at, in, into:

go /come/ travel etc. to a place;

been to a place;

get to a place;

arrive in a country /city /town;

arrive at a village /building /event;

go home /come home /get home /arrive home /on the way home etc.;

be at home /stay at home /do smth. at home;

go into ... /get into ... = enter (a room /a building /a car etc.);

get on/off a bus /a train /a plane.

Глаголы часто употребляются со следующими словами: in, on, up, away, round, about, over, by, out, off, down, back, through, along, forward.

Добавление их к глаголу меняет его значение, и глагол при этом становится фразовым:

Put out /get on /take off /run away etc.

How was the exam? How did you get on? (= how did you do?).

It was my first flight. I was nervous as the plane took off (= went into the air).

Why did you run away from me?