- •Курс з розвитку навичок читання, перекладу, реферування
- •Do you know that:
- •Exercise 1. Translate the derivatives:
- •Exercise 2. Translate the word combinations:
- •Exercise 3. Translate the word combinations:
- •Exercise 4. Match synonyms.
- •Exercise 5. Read, translate and learn nationality words:
- •Exercise 6. Look at language chart (Fig. 1.1) and answer the questions:
- •Exercise 7. Complete the sentences:
- •Exercise 8. Working in pairs, make up dialogues according to the model:
- •Exercise 9. Fill in the table with the verbs: to teach, to build, to invade, to influence, to speak, to spread, to develop, to learn.
- •Exercise 10. Compose sentences with the above given verbs in Passive and ask your partners to translate them. Exercise 11. Make the sentences Passive:
- •Exercise 12. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form. Translate the sentences:
- •Exercise 13. Translate the sentences:
- •Exercise 14. Give the comparative and superlative degrees for the following adjectives:
- •Exercise 15. Fill in the gaps with the adjective in the correct degree:
- •Task 1. Look at the subtitles of the text and predict what information about the English language and its history you will find. Task 2. Read and translate the text:
- •Task 3. Decide which events these dates refer to:
- •Task 4. Answer the questions:
- •Task 5. Fill in the gaps with the words from the box:
- •Task 6. Translate the sentences:
- •Task 7. Ask questions starting with the words in brackets:
- •Statements:
- •Supplementary vocabulary:
- •2. Make up 10 questions on the text and let your partners answer them.
- •1. Skim the paragraphs of the text and find answers to the questions:
- •How is a language often called?
- •What has language made possible?
- •How many languages have a million or more speakers?
- •How do children acquire a command of a language?
- •Supplementary vocabulary:
- •2. Here are the answers to some questions. Work out the questions:
- •3. Translate in writing: Десять мов, якими в основному розмовляють у світі
- •1. Read the text and choose the statements that express the main idea of each part best of all. How to learn a foreign language
- •English in the 21st century
- •Listening comprehension
- •1. Listen to the text and choose the correct answer to the questions:
- •Do you know that:
- •Exercise 1. Translate the derivatives:
- •Exercise 2. Give equivalents to the international words:
- •Exercise 3. Match synonyms:
- •Exercise 4. Translate attributive chains. Do not forget that the noun is always the last word in word combinations of this kind:
- •Exercise 5. Match opposites:
- •Exercise 6. Translate the word-combinations and make up sentences with them:
- •Exercise 7. Match a line in a with a line in b and c:
- •Exercise 9. Give three forms of the verbs:
- •Exercise 10. Disagree with these statements. Use:
- •Exercise 11. Choose the correct form of the predicate. Sometimes both forms are correct:
- •Exercise 12. Ask questions to receive the missing information:
- •Exercise 13. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form:
- •Exercise 14. Find and correct one mistake in each sentence:
- •Exercise 15. Circle the correct translation:
- •Exercise 16. Compare verbs printed in bold type. Are these actions successive or simultaneous? Translate the sentences:
- •Exercise 17. Translate the sentences:
- •Courses and degrees
- •Recognition of foreign certificates and degrees
- •Supplementary Vocabulary:
- •Task 5. List the phrases in the logical order:
- •Task 6. Think of a detailed answer and speak on the following:
- •Task 7. Make word combinations:
- •Task 8. Decide which words go along with these key words:
- •Task 9. Match words from the box to their definitions:
- •Task 10. By filling in letters, match terms comparable for the education in Ukraine, uk and usa:
- •Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words from the box:
- •Task 12. In Great Britain and the United States of America students of different years are called in a different way. Match the words with their definitions:
- •Task 13. Fill in the gaps with verbs in Active or Passive Voice:
- •Task 14. Translate the sentences:
- •Task 15. Fill in the questionnaire: From international handbook of universities –
- •Institution Questionnaire
- •3. Choose the correct version to complete these statements:
- •4. Compare higher vocational education in Ukraine and in the usa: Points to compare:
- •1. Read the text to find answers to the questions:
- •Listen to the text and answer the questions:
- •Do you know that:
- •Exercise 1. Translate the derivatives:
- •Exercise 2. Translate the word-combinations and make up questions with them:
- •Exercise 3. Match synonyms:
- •Exercise 4. Match opposites:
- •Exercise 5. Fill in the gaps using words in the box in the correct form:
- •Exercise 6. Translate the word combinations into English and make up questions or sentences of your own with them.
- •Exercise 7. Transform the sentences into indirect speech and translate them:
- •Exercise 8. Find a mistake in each sentence:
- •Exercise 9. Translate the sentences:
- •Exercise 10. Choose the right form of the verb. Translate the sentences:
- •Exercise 11. Open the brackets putting the verbs in the necessary form. Translate the sentences.
- •Exercise 12. Make up two sentences using the necessary tense. Explain the difference between them:
- •Exercise 13. Reconstruct the questions and answer them:
- •Exercise 14. Translate the sentences:
- •Task 1. Give your opinion on the following:
- •Task 2. Look through the text and agree or disagree with statements given after it. Task 3. Read and translate the text:
- •Task 4. Find answers to the questions:
- •Task 5. The words in a are from the text. Match a word in a with its definition in b:
- •Task 6. Divide the words into three groups:
- •Task 7. Transform the sentences according to the model:
- •Task 8. Translate the sentences:
- •1. The text deals with the following topics. Put them into the logical order giving numbers from 1 to 6:
- •2. Look through the text. Guess the meaning of the words in italics from the context. Use a dictionary to check the meaning.
- •4. Put the following events of Einstein's life into chronological order:
- •5. Read the text more carefully again. Ask each other and answer questions about his life:
- •1. Write a short essay on the development of science in your country. Mention the names of scientists working in your University and the fields of science they are working in.
- •Do you know that ...
- •Exercise 4. Match opposites:
- •Exercise 5. Translate the attributive chains:
- •Exercise 6. Translate the word combinations:
- •Exercise 7. Define whether the words in bold type are the nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs or participles:
- •I. Past Simple (I did) and Past Progressive (I was doing)
- •Exercise 8. Choose the correct form: Past Simple or Past Progressive:
- •Exercise 9. Choose the correct form to complete the sentences:
- •Exercise 10. Complete the sentences according to the model:
- •Exercise 11. Express your disagreement with the statements. Use:
- •Exercise 12. Restore the questions to these answers:
- •Exercise 13. Choose the correct English version of the statements:
- •Exercise 14. Translate the word-combinations:
- •Exercise 15. Translate the sentences:
- •Exercise 16. Match lines in a and b to make one sentence:
- •Exercise 17. Make sentences beginning with Having…:
- •Task 1. Give your ideas on the following. Use: I think… I suppose … I’m sure…:
- •Task 2. Does competition offer any advantages to consumers? Describe them. Use: First of all… Secondly … Also… Finally…. Task 3. Read and translate Text 4a:
- •The nature of business
- •F ig. 4.1. The economy has a circular flow of goods and services and an opposing flow of money to pay for the goods and services.
- •How the economy grows
- •Task 4. Answer the questions how needs and wants are satisfied in the world of business:
- •Task 5. Make word-combinations. Match adjectives (or nouns) to nouns (a) and verbs to nouns (b):
- •Task 6. Define one different word or word combination:
- •Task 7. Match words in the box with their definitions:
- •Task 8. Fill in prepositions where necessary:
- •Task 9. Find and correct one mistake in each sentence:
- •Task 10. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form, Active or Passive:
- •Task 11. Translate the sentences:
- •1. Look through the text and explain why it is so important to manage time:
- •Fig. 4.2. Things-to-do list
- •Supplementary vocabulary:
- •2. Think and choose which skills are vital for your career in business? For ideas:
- •3. Think and explain what you should, must and can do to make your career.
- •4. Write a page of an essay to explain how your education will help you achieve your long-range goals.
- •1. The sentences have been removed from the text. Read Text 4d and decide in which numbered gap each one should go. (There is one extra sentence, which you do not need to use).
- •2. List these events in order of their occurrence. Then use them as a plan to speak on:
- •3. If you could have asked Mr. Ford only three questions, what would you have asked?
- •1. Choose the correct statement:
Курс з розвитку навичок читання, перекладу, реферування
Knowledge is itself a power.
Francis Bacon
(1561 – 1620)
Unit 1
LANGUAGES
(English. English. English...)
Do you know that:
…English has the largest vocabulary with approximately 500 000 words and 300 000 technical terms?
… 85% of the world's mail and 90% of the world's telephone calls are in English?
…400 million people speak English?
…the oldest written language is Egyptian?
…Indian sub-continent has the largest number of languages - 845?
…Cambodian has the most letters in its alphabet - 72?
…the largest encyclopedia is printed in Spanish?
…it took the French Academy 297 years to write a book of 263 pages?
…there are eight million speakers of Esperanto in the world?
…by 2010 the number of people who speak English will exceed the number of native speakers?
Active vocabulary
1. |
according to (prep) – |
у відповідності з; згідно; на підставі чого-небудь |
according to the rule; according to the author |
2. |
add (v) – |
додавати, приєднувати, прикрашати |
to add salt; to add to history |
3. |
ancestor (n) – |
предок; прабатько |
remote ancestors; a famous ancestor |
4. |
area (n) – |
площа |
market area; living area |
5. |
affair (v) – |
діло, заняття |
business affairs, international affairs
|
6. |
assist (v) – |
допомагати, сприяти, приймати участь у чому-небудь |
to assist somebody with money, he assisted at the ceremony |
7. |
bilingual (adj) – |
двомовний; той, що розмовляє двома мовами |
bilingual dictionary, bilingual country |
8. |
borrow (v) – |
позичати; запозичати |
He borrowed money from his relatives; English language borrowed a lot from French. |
9. |
church (n) – |
церква; храм |
to go to church; Church of England |
10. |
compound (adj) – |
складений; складний |
compound word (sentence); compound system of control |
11. |
court (n) – |
суд |
supreme court, court of honour |
12. |
continue (v) – |
продовжувати |
to continue work; to continue to live with parents |
13. |
conquer (v) – |
завойовувати; підкоряти |
to conquer a country; to conquer people |
14. |
contribute (v) – |
робити вклад; сприяти |
to contribute to the Red Cross; to contribute to the development of languages |
15. |
creation (n) – |
створення; творіння |
the creation of the world; the creation of genius |
16. |
daily (adv) – (adj) – |
щодня щоденний |
daily life to read newspaper daily |
17. |
decline (v) – |
опускатися; зменшуватися; приходити у занепад |
the road declines; the arts decline |
18. |
derivative (n) – |
похідний; вторинний |
derivative words; derivative rocks |
19. |
drop (v) – |
капати; падати; пропускати |
to drop a tear over something; to drop dead; to drop some pages |
20. |
establish (v) – |
установлювати; засновувати, започатковувати |
to establish a state; to establish an international organization; to establish a new equipment |
21. |
entire (adj) – |
цілий; безперебійний |
the entire world (population); the entire process |
22. |
event (n) – |
подія; випадок |
current events; an outstanding event |
23. |
eventually (adv) – |
у кінці кінців; у результаті |
to do something eventually; to get something eventually |
24. |
explore (v) – |
досліджувати; з'ясовувати |
to explore a problem; to explore possibilities |
25. |
fashionable (adj) – |
модний, світський, фешенебельний |
fashionable dress maker; fashionable health resort |
26. |
important (adj) – |
важливий; значний |
an important fact (decision, translation); important people |
27. |
indicate (v) – |
указувати, показувати, означати |
to indicate the way; to indicate the temperature |
28. |
increase (v) – |
збільшувати |
to increase the speed; to increase one's knowledge |
29. |
influence (n) – |
вплив |
under the influence of ...; to have influence on somebody |
30. |
invade (v) – |
захоплювати; окупувати |
to invade a country; invaded territory |
31. |
major (a) – |
великий; важливий |
major part; major forces; major industries |
32. |
modern (a) –
|
сучасний; новий |
modern English; modern inventions |
33. |
outside (adj) –
(adv) – |
зовнішній;
зовні |
outside room; outside work; to take place outside; a crowd outside the house |
34. |
power (n) – |
сила; міць |
the power of the wind;the power of the law |
35. |
primary (adj) –
|
початковий; первинний |
primary force (source); primary education |
36. |
purpose (n) –
|
мета; намір; задум |
the purpose of his visit; for practical purposes |
37. |
pronunciation (n) – |
вимова |
to teach English pronunciation; good pronunciation |
38. |
require (v) – |
вимагати; бідувати у чомусь |
to require a new step; to require to obey laws |
39. |
relationship (n) – |
споріднення; родинні відношення; взаємини |
relationship of languages; close relationship |
40. |
resist (v) – |
опиратися; протистояти |
to resist the development of reforms; to resist the invasion |
41. |
result (n) – result from –
result in –
|
наслідок; результат здійснюватися, випливати з чогось закінчуватися чим-небудь, мати своїм результатом щось |
to receive new results; nothing has resulted from my work; his work resulted in a dissertation |
42. |
replace (v) – |
заміняти, заміщати |
to replace a type of a model; to replace coal by (with) oil; |
43. |
rule (n) – |
правило, норма |
grammar rules; rules of the road (traffic rules) |
44. |
science (n) –
|
наука |
modern science; science of the language |
45. |
secondary (a) –
|
середній, другорядний |
secondary school; secondary education; |
46. |
spoken (a) – |
усний, розмовний |
spoken language; spoken protest |
47. |
scholar (n) –
|
вчений |
well-known scholar, German scholar |
48. |
settle (v) –
|
заселяти; селитися |
to settle in the country; to settle new lands |
49. |
simplify (v) –
|
спрощувати
|
to simplify pronunciation; to simplify traffic rules |
50. |
spread (v) – |
розповсюджувати |
to spread knowledge; to spread languages |
51. |
throughout (adv) –
|
усюди; скрізь |
throughout the country, to be famous throughout |
52. |
tongue (n) –
|
мова, язик |
mother tongue; the talent of tongues
|
53. |
tribe (n) – |
плем'я; клан |
an ancient tribe; Indian tribes |
54. |
upper (adj) – |
верхній; вищий |
upper lip; upper class |
55. |
various (adj) – |
різний; різноманітний |
various types; known under various names |
56. |
vocabulary (n) – |
словник; словниковий запас |
passive vocabulary; rich vocabulary |
LEXICAL EXERCISES