3. Choose the correct version to complete these statements:

1. Bachelor’s degree program for engineering students in the USA

include:

1. foreign languages, economics, history, composition, public speaking.

2. advanced mathematics, special subjects, design project, languages, economics, history, management, writing.

3. mathematics, chemistry, introductory calculus, science, English, physics, design project, foreign languages.

2. To earn a master’s degree, an engineering student must:

1. have a bachelor’s degree and study 5 years.

2. have a bachelor’s degree and complete an original research project.

3. have a bachelor’s degree, take a program of advanced courses, and complete an original research project.

3. An engineering technologist is someone who takes a program in a

specialized field in order to:

1. work at enterprises.

2. teach special subjects at a college.

3. do advanced research.

4. Engineering education:

4. continues during the whole professional career of an engineer;

5. finishes with obtaining a Ph.D.degree;

6. ends as soon as an engineer gets a job.

5. The main aim of professional engineering societies is:

1. to help acquire special skills.

2. to promote engineering activities.

3. to collect membership fee.

4. Compare higher vocational education in Ukraine and in the usa: Points to compare:

degree and qualifications institutions of higher education

doctoral degree scholarship

Use the phrases:

My opinion:			Linking words:
I think … I believe … I’m sure … I’m afraid …	As far as I know … No doubt … Frankly speaking … No wonder …		First of all … Because /as Also … However …	What is more … For one thing … For example …

HOME READING

Text 2 D

1. Read the text to find answers to the questions:

Oxford outline

History of the university

1. When was Oxford University founded?

2. Is it true that both men and women have been admitted to the University since its foundation?

3. Are there any colleges for men only?

Oxford is a unique and historic institution. It is the oldest English-speaking university in the world. There is no clear date of foundation, but teaching existed at Oxford in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167, when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris.

In 1188, the historian, Gerald of Wales, gave a public reading to the assembled Oxford dons and in 1190 the arrival of Emo of Friesland, the first known overseas student started the University's tradition of international scholarly links.

The first colleges began as medieval halls of residence for students under the supervision of a Master. The first three colleges were University (1249), Merton (1264) and Balliol (1263-68). The newest are Wolfson (1981), Kellogg (1990), and Templeton (1995).

From 1878, academic halls were established for women, who became members of the University in 1920. Since 1974, all but one of Oxford's 39 colleges have changed their statutes to admit both men and women. St. Hilda's remains the only women's college.

Each college is a complete community, where the students live, pray, eat, have their leisure, “their pub”, their libraries, and their tutorials with their teachers.

The conflict is ancient between town and gown (the students still wear academic gowns).

The town apprentices used to protest against the University students from the 13^th century onwards. Hence the Oxford Colleges are built like castles, with only one entrance door in a high wall.

Academic Organization

4. You want to study for a degree in engineering. Can you expect to receive this degree in Oxford?

The academic organization of the University is based on 17 faculties, some of which are divided into sub-faculties as follows:

· Anthropology and Geography · Biological Sciences · Clinical Medicine · English Language and Literature · Law · Theology · Modern History · Music · Oriental Studies

· Physical Sciences · Physiological Sciences · Psychological Studies · Mathematical Sciences · Social Studies · Management Studies · Medieval and Modern Languages · Literae Humaniores

There are several excellent language schools you can come to in summer and at the other times of year.

Studying at Oxford

5. What are functions of tutors? What are the tutorials like?

6. What basic skills are trained?

An Oxford education trains students to search and assimilate information, to construct and defend their own arguments, to think for themselves.

The student population of Oxford (1999) includes 10,788 undergraduates and 4,694 postgraduate students, plus 463 visiting students. Undergraduates usually study a single discipline, such as History or Biochemistry, in considerable depth over a three- or four-year course. There are also joint courses in related disciplines such as Philosophy, Politics and Economics, or Mathematics and Computation.

The University, as the central body, is responsible for syllabuses, arranges lectures and practical classes, design courses, conducts exams, and awards degrees. The University provides a wide range of resources for teaching and learning in the form of libraries, laboratories, museums, computing facilities and so on. However, there is no single building that can be called “the University”.

At the beginning of each term a list of lectures is published. Every student can choose and may attend any university lecture. Attendance at lectures is not compulsory, and no records of attendance are kept. All courses are assessed through examinations. Apart from lectures, colleges organize a system of individual tuition.

Studying at Oxford can seem very easy. Undergraduates have only 1 or 2 compulsory hours per week when they must attend a tutorial with 1 or 2 fellow students and their college tutor. Yet, for each tutorial they are expected to write a 5000 to 8000 word essay, and that requires a lot of work! During tutorials students discuss their work with their tutors. Tutors also advise their students which lectures seem most useful.

Tutorial teaching challenges students to think creatively about their subjects, and is the most highly regarded feature of the Oxford system.

Admission

7. Do applicants take entrance examinations?

Colleges welcome applications from students from all types of schools and backgrounds, from all over the world. Admission to Oxford is highly competitive, but all candidates are considered carefully on individual merit. Applicants are given a personal interview and a college decides which students they want.

Academic success is important but tutors are also looking for potential, motivation and commitment to a candidate's proposed studies at Oxford.

The University and the colleges

8. What are the relations between the University and the colleges?

9. What body is responsible for:

• admitting students

• providing accommodation

• curriculum

• decision on what to teach?

Today, 39 independent, self-governing colleges are related to the University in a type of federal system, like the United States. Each college has its name, its coat of arms. There are also six Permanent Private Halls, which were founded by different Christian denominations, and still have a religious character. The halls have similar powers and duties as colleges. Thirty colleges and six halls admit students for both undergraduate and graduate degrees. Seven other colleges are for graduates only; one, All Souls, has Fellows only, and one, Kellogg College, specializes in part-time and continuing education.

Colleges receive fees for educating students, board and lodging charges. No student can become a member of the University without being admitted by a college or hall. Colleges and halls select their own students, provide accommodation, meals, common rooms, libraries, sports and social facilities. They provide teaching through the tutorial system, which plays an essential role in all Oxford courses.

ADDITIONAL READING

INTERESTING FACTS & FIGURES

* * *

The oldest University in the world is the Egyptian University in Azhar. It was established as an academy in 989, and such subjects as mathematics, astronomy, medicine and geography were taught there at that time.

* * *

The largest University building in the world is the Moscow University on the Lenin Hills, which stands 787 feet high, has 32 stories and contains 40,000 rooms. It was built in 1949-1953.

* * *

Oxonians Past and Present

What names do you know?

Throughout its history, Oxford has produced gifted men and women in every sphere of human endeavour who have studied or taught at the University. Amongst these are 6 kings, 36 Nobel prizewinners, 25 British Prime Ministers, 9 current -holders of the Order of Merit, plus 3 Saints, 85 Archbishops and 18 Cardinals. A few of these famous Oxonians, past and present, are listed here; the date shows the start, or a known date, of their time at Oxford:

1231	Roger Bacon, scholar
1404	Henry V, English monarch
1499	Desiderius Erasmus, humanist and scholar
1647	Sir Christopher Wren, architect
1650	John Locke, philosopher
1728	Dr Samuel Johnson, diarist and writer
1916	Sir Aldous Huxley, novelist and essayist
1928	Dame Dorothy Hodgkin, chemist
1938	Indira Gandhi, Indian Prime Minister
1938	Dame Iris Murdoch, novelist and philosopher
1959	Professor Stephen Hawking, theoretical physicist
1969	Joanna Trollope, novelist
1972	Rt Hon Anthony Blair, British Prime Minister
1973	Tim Berners-Lee, inventor, World Wide Web

Listening Comprehension