Task 12. In Great Britain and the United States of America students of different years are called in a different way. Match the words with their definitions:

fresher	junior	senior
graduate	postgraduate	sophomore

year

– ..........- a student who continues his/her education after graduation

V ..........- a student who has completed a course of study, either at the

high school or college level.

IV .........- a fourth-year student

III ..........- a third-year student

II ….......- a second-year student

I ...........- a first-year student

Task 13. Fill in the gaps with verbs in Active or Passive Voice:

A university or college (to award) ... a degree to a person who (to complete) ... a required course of study. The institution (to present) ... the degree in the form of a diploma, a document certifying the award. The four basic kinds of degrees (to call) ... associate, bachelor, master, and doctor. An honorary degree may (to award) ... for an outstanding contribution in a field.

The associate degree (to award) ... by many U.S. colleges and universities. An associate degree usually (to indicate) ... completion of two years of college work.

The bachelor's degree. In the United States, a college student normally (to receive) ... a bachelor's degree after 4 years of study in a university or college. Most students (to specialize) ... in a field of study called a major subject. Most engineering students (to receive) ... B.S. degree. The B.S. usually (to include) ... majors in the physical and natural sciences.

The master's degree. In the United States, students who want a master's degree must (to complete) ... one or two years of advanced study beyond the bachelor's degree. Many institutions (to require) ... a thesis, a written report of a special investigation in the student's major field.

In Great Britain, the master's degree (to consider) ... usually ... the highest requirement for an academic career, but a number of British universities also (to offer) ... the doctorate.

Task 14. Translate the sentences:

1. Ви вже опублікували свою статтю? – Ще ні.

2. Ми узнали, що вступні іспити починаються за тиждень.

3. В університеті студентів утягують у різноманітні види дослідницької діяльності.

4. Нас повідомили, що він займається в магістратурі.

5. Цього року деякі з моїх друзів вступили до Харківського автомобільно-дорожнього університету.

6. Дипломи про вищу освіту будуть вручені в кінці навчального року.

7. На першому та другому курсах викладають, в основному, загальноосвітні та загальнотехнічні предмети.

8. Ступінь бакалавра потребує базових знань та вмінь у певній професії.

9. Вона не знала, що плату за навчання буде знижено.

10. Усі студенти знають, що екзамени проводять у кінці кожного семестру.

11. Науковий керівник консультує студентів з планування, проведення досліджень та представленню результатів їх наукової діяльності.

12. Плата, що її стягує університет за навчання, не включає вартість підручників.

Task 15. Fill in the questionnaire: From international handbook of universities –

Institution Questionnaire

II. А. LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION

1. NAME OF INSTITUTION IN LANGUAGE OF COUNTRY:
2. ENGLISH TRANSLATION:
3. ACRONYM:
4. FULL MAILING ADDRESS: Street:
City: …………………………………. Province: ………………………………… PostCode: ...…………………………………			1) Head of institution (e.g. Rector, Vice Chancellor, President, etc.): Given name: Family name: Sex: ………… …………… ……… Job title: ………………………………………….. 2) Senior Administrative Officer (e.g. Secretary-General, Executive Director, etc.) Given name: Family name: Sex: …………… ………….… …...... Job title: …………………………………………....
6. CLASSIFICATION OF INSTITUTION: 6.1. Is the Institution of university status? (yes/no)…………………………………………………….. 6.3. Institution status (National/Private/Public) ……………………………………………………
7. FOUNDATION: 7.1. Year : …..
7.2. Year acquired present status: …..
8. ACADEMIC DIVISIONS (Faculty, College, Division, Centre, Institute, Department, etc.):
Division type: Division name: Major fields of study:	………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………….
Head: Given name: Family name: Title: Sex: ………………………………………………………………………………… Number of staff: full-time ….. part-time …… Total number of students: …….
B. FURTHER DETAILS:
9. BRIEF HISTORY / DESCRIPTION: (up to 50 words)
10. GOVERNING BODIES:
11. ACADEMIC YEAR:
12. ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS: (Required school certificate (in language of country) and other minimum requirements for first year entry):
13. FEES: (in local currency if possible and indicate if per year or semester):
14. MAIN LANGUAGE(S) OF INSTRUCTION:
15. ACCREDITING AGENCY(IES): Ministry of Education of Ukraine
16. STUDENT BODY (all male; all female; co-educational):
17. PRINCIPAL DEGREES AND DIPLOMAS (preferably in language of country): Degree type: …………..Acronym……. Fields of study in which it is awarded: Years of study:
Degree type: …………..Acronym……. Fields of study in which it is awarded: Years of study:
18. SPECIAL FACILITIES ( museum, art gallery, observatory, movie studio etc.):
19. RESIDENTIAL FACILITIES:
20. STUDENT SERVICES: Academic Counselling  Social Counselling  Employment Services  Foreign Student Adviser		 Nursery Care  Cultural Centre  Sports Facilities  Language Programmes		 Handicapped Facilities  Health Services  Canteens(s)  Foreign Student Centre

Task 16. Write a letter to your pen-friend about your educational institution:

TEXT 2 B

1. Look through the text and find 5 reasons why education is important.

Use a dictionary to check any of these words if you do not know them:

to survive, complex, to achieve, chief means, essential, activities, to obtain, to adjust, benefit, to affect.

2. Now read the text and put the linking words on the left in the correct place in the paragraphs. The linking words are in the right order:

EDUCATION

First of all also Thus because For example What is more Besides

Education is the process by which people acquire knowledge, skills, habits, values, or attitudes. The word education is used to describe the results of the educational process. Education should help people become useful members of society. It should also help them develop an appreciation of their cultural heritage and live more satisfying lives. The most common way to get an education is to attend school. Most countries spend a large amount of time and money to provide formal education for their citizens. In the late 1980's, there were about 950 million students and about 45 million teachers in elementary schools, high schools, and colleges and universities throughout the world. Education is as old as humanity, prehistoric people needed education to survive. Parents taught their children now to hunt wild animals for food. Prehistoric peoples also had to learn to cooperate with one another and to live together peacefully. They discovered that they could not live together peacefully for long unless they learned to act in certain ways. Education taught them how to act and so helped make society possible. A society that reaches a relatively complex level of development is called a civilization. For a society to achieve this level, its members must learn a great deal. They must become skilled in agriculture, commerce, government, industry, and the arts. Education is the chief means of acquiring and teaching the essential knowledge and skills. A modern society cannot survive without education. Education is more important today than ever before. It helps people acquire the skills they need for such everyday activities as reading a newspaper or managing their money. It also gives them the specialized training they may need to prepare for a job or career. People must meet certain educational requirements and obtain a license or certificate before they may practice law or medicine. Many fields, such as computer or police work, require completion of special training. Education is important because it helps people get more out of life. It increases their knowledge and understanding of the world. Education helps people acquire skills that make their lives more interesting and enjoyable. Such skills include those needed to participate in a sport, paint a picture, or play a musical instrument. Education helps people adjust to change. This benefit has become increasingly important because social changes today take place with increasing speed and affect the lives of more and more people. Education can help a person understand these changes and provide the skills for adjusting to them.

3. In each paragraph find key sentences and speak on the contents of text 2B.

4. Think of all advantages and disadvantages of higher education, fill in the table and discuss them:

ADVANTAGE	DISADVANTAGE
You can:	You must / have to:

Text 2 C

1. Skim the text.

2. Divide it into parts. Give your headline to each part. Use a dictionary to check any of these words if you do not know them:

cover, elect, equip, extensive, update, workshop, keep up to date, promote, encourage, behaviour, compulsory.

Education and training for engineers in the United States

For students considering a career in engineering, the most important subjects to take in high school are mathematics, science, and English. Typically, the mathematics courses should cover algebra, geometry, trigonometry, and introductory calculus. Chemistry and physics are important sciences for students to take. Helpful electives include foreign languages; economics, history, and other social studies courses; and composition and public speaking.

To enter the engineering profession, most students complete a four-year bachelor's degree program at a college or university. In addition to a course of study in their chosen engineering fields, engineering students must take several advanced mathematics and science courses. Most undergraduate degree programs also include courses in such subjects as economics, history, languages, management, and writing to equip students with the skills that will be needed in their later work as engineers. Many programs require the completion of an independent study or design project, including a formal report, before graduation.

Graduate study gives the engineering student additional preparation for a professional career. Some engineering students study for another year after receiving a bachelor's degree. They undertake a program of advanced course work in a specialized field and earn a master's degree. The completion of an original research project called a thesis is a part of most master's programs. Engineering students who want to teach at a college or university or do advanced research may then study three years to earn a doctor's degree.

Some universities, junior and community colleges, and technical institutes offer two-year and four-year degree programs in certain specialized areas of engineering technology, such as computer maintenance and electronics. Engineering technology programs prepare students for basic design and production work in engineering rather than for jobs that require extensive knowledge of science or mathematical theory. Engineering technicians, graduates of the two-year programs, and engineering technologists, graduates of the four-year programs, form an important part of professional engineering teams.

Engineers continue their education after they complete their formal studies and obtain a job. Engineers, as well as engineering technicians and technologists, must continually update their knowledge by taking courses, attending workshops offered by professional societies, and reading technical journals.

Professional organizations and standards. Many of the specialized fields of engineering have their own professional societies. The societies publish technical articles and help members keep up to date. They also grant awards to outstanding engineers, work to promote public understanding of engineering, and encourage young to become engineers. Many engineering societies prepare standards for procedures and sponsor research of general interest.

Many professional engineers in the United States observe a code of ethics called Canons of Ethics of Engineers. The code tells how engineers should conduct themselves in dealing with the public, with clients and employers, and with other engineers. Professional societies specializing in one area of engineering often have additional rules governing the professional behaviour of engineers in that speciality.