- •Курс з розвитку навичок читання, перекладу, реферування
- •Do you know that:
- •Exercise 1. Translate the derivatives:
- •Exercise 2. Translate the word combinations:
- •Exercise 3. Translate the word combinations:
- •Exercise 4. Match synonyms.
- •Exercise 5. Read, translate and learn nationality words:
- •Exercise 6. Look at language chart (Fig. 1.1) and answer the questions:
- •Exercise 7. Complete the sentences:
- •Exercise 8. Working in pairs, make up dialogues according to the model:
- •Exercise 9. Fill in the table with the verbs: to teach, to build, to invade, to influence, to speak, to spread, to develop, to learn.
- •Exercise 10. Compose sentences with the above given verbs in Passive and ask your partners to translate them. Exercise 11. Make the sentences Passive:
- •Exercise 12. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form. Translate the sentences:
- •Exercise 13. Translate the sentences:
- •Exercise 14. Give the comparative and superlative degrees for the following adjectives:
- •Exercise 15. Fill in the gaps with the adjective in the correct degree:
- •Task 1. Look at the subtitles of the text and predict what information about the English language and its history you will find. Task 2. Read and translate the text:
- •Task 3. Decide which events these dates refer to:
- •Task 4. Answer the questions:
- •Task 5. Fill in the gaps with the words from the box:
- •Task 6. Translate the sentences:
- •Task 7. Ask questions starting with the words in brackets:
- •Statements:
- •Supplementary vocabulary:
- •2. Make up 10 questions on the text and let your partners answer them.
- •1. Skim the paragraphs of the text and find answers to the questions:
- •How is a language often called?
- •What has language made possible?
- •How many languages have a million or more speakers?
- •How do children acquire a command of a language?
- •Supplementary vocabulary:
- •2. Here are the answers to some questions. Work out the questions:
- •3. Translate in writing: Десять мов, якими в основному розмовляють у світі
- •1. Read the text and choose the statements that express the main idea of each part best of all. How to learn a foreign language
- •English in the 21st century
- •Listening comprehension
- •1. Listen to the text and choose the correct answer to the questions:
- •Do you know that:
- •Exercise 1. Translate the derivatives:
- •Exercise 2. Give equivalents to the international words:
- •Exercise 3. Match synonyms:
- •Exercise 4. Translate attributive chains. Do not forget that the noun is always the last word in word combinations of this kind:
- •Exercise 5. Match opposites:
- •Exercise 6. Translate the word-combinations and make up sentences with them:
- •Exercise 7. Match a line in a with a line in b and c:
- •Exercise 9. Give three forms of the verbs:
- •Exercise 10. Disagree with these statements. Use:
- •Exercise 11. Choose the correct form of the predicate. Sometimes both forms are correct:
- •Exercise 12. Ask questions to receive the missing information:
- •Exercise 13. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form:
- •Exercise 14. Find and correct one mistake in each sentence:
- •Exercise 15. Circle the correct translation:
- •Exercise 16. Compare verbs printed in bold type. Are these actions successive or simultaneous? Translate the sentences:
- •Exercise 17. Translate the sentences:
- •Courses and degrees
- •Recognition of foreign certificates and degrees
- •Supplementary Vocabulary:
- •Task 5. List the phrases in the logical order:
- •Task 6. Think of a detailed answer and speak on the following:
- •Task 7. Make word combinations:
- •Task 8. Decide which words go along with these key words:
- •Task 9. Match words from the box to their definitions:
- •Task 10. By filling in letters, match terms comparable for the education in Ukraine, uk and usa:
- •Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words from the box:
- •Task 12. In Great Britain and the United States of America students of different years are called in a different way. Match the words with their definitions:
- •Task 13. Fill in the gaps with verbs in Active or Passive Voice:
- •Task 14. Translate the sentences:
- •Task 15. Fill in the questionnaire: From international handbook of universities –
- •Institution Questionnaire
- •3. Choose the correct version to complete these statements:
- •4. Compare higher vocational education in Ukraine and in the usa: Points to compare:
- •1. Read the text to find answers to the questions:
- •Listen to the text and answer the questions:
- •Do you know that:
- •Exercise 1. Translate the derivatives:
- •Exercise 2. Translate the word-combinations and make up questions with them:
- •Exercise 3. Match synonyms:
- •Exercise 4. Match opposites:
- •Exercise 5. Fill in the gaps using words in the box in the correct form:
- •Exercise 6. Translate the word combinations into English and make up questions or sentences of your own with them.
- •Exercise 7. Transform the sentences into indirect speech and translate them:
- •Exercise 8. Find a mistake in each sentence:
- •Exercise 9. Translate the sentences:
- •Exercise 10. Choose the right form of the verb. Translate the sentences:
- •Exercise 11. Open the brackets putting the verbs in the necessary form. Translate the sentences.
- •Exercise 12. Make up two sentences using the necessary tense. Explain the difference between them:
- •Exercise 13. Reconstruct the questions and answer them:
- •Exercise 14. Translate the sentences:
- •Task 1. Give your opinion on the following:
- •Task 2. Look through the text and agree or disagree with statements given after it. Task 3. Read and translate the text:
- •Task 4. Find answers to the questions:
- •Task 5. The words in a are from the text. Match a word in a with its definition in b:
- •Task 6. Divide the words into three groups:
- •Task 7. Transform the sentences according to the model:
- •Task 8. Translate the sentences:
- •1. The text deals with the following topics. Put them into the logical order giving numbers from 1 to 6:
- •2. Look through the text. Guess the meaning of the words in italics from the context. Use a dictionary to check the meaning.
- •4. Put the following events of Einstein's life into chronological order:
- •5. Read the text more carefully again. Ask each other and answer questions about his life:
- •1. Write a short essay on the development of science in your country. Mention the names of scientists working in your University and the fields of science they are working in.
- •Do you know that ...
- •Exercise 4. Match opposites:
- •Exercise 5. Translate the attributive chains:
- •Exercise 6. Translate the word combinations:
- •Exercise 7. Define whether the words in bold type are the nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs or participles:
- •I. Past Simple (I did) and Past Progressive (I was doing)
- •Exercise 8. Choose the correct form: Past Simple or Past Progressive:
- •Exercise 9. Choose the correct form to complete the sentences:
- •Exercise 10. Complete the sentences according to the model:
- •Exercise 11. Express your disagreement with the statements. Use:
- •Exercise 12. Restore the questions to these answers:
- •Exercise 13. Choose the correct English version of the statements:
- •Exercise 14. Translate the word-combinations:
- •Exercise 15. Translate the sentences:
- •Exercise 16. Match lines in a and b to make one sentence:
- •Exercise 17. Make sentences beginning with Having…:
- •Task 1. Give your ideas on the following. Use: I think… I suppose … I’m sure…:
- •Task 2. Does competition offer any advantages to consumers? Describe them. Use: First of all… Secondly … Also… Finally…. Task 3. Read and translate Text 4a:
- •The nature of business
- •F ig. 4.1. The economy has a circular flow of goods and services and an opposing flow of money to pay for the goods and services.
- •How the economy grows
- •Task 4. Answer the questions how needs and wants are satisfied in the world of business:
- •Task 5. Make word-combinations. Match adjectives (or nouns) to nouns (a) and verbs to nouns (b):
- •Task 6. Define one different word or word combination:
- •Task 7. Match words in the box with their definitions:
- •Task 8. Fill in prepositions where necessary:
- •Task 9. Find and correct one mistake in each sentence:
- •Task 10. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form, Active or Passive:
- •Task 11. Translate the sentences:
- •1. Look through the text and explain why it is so important to manage time:
- •Fig. 4.2. Things-to-do list
- •Supplementary vocabulary:
- •2. Think and choose which skills are vital for your career in business? For ideas:
- •3. Think and explain what you should, must and can do to make your career.
- •4. Write a page of an essay to explain how your education will help you achieve your long-range goals.
- •1. The sentences have been removed from the text. Read Text 4d and decide in which numbered gap each one should go. (There is one extra sentence, which you do not need to use).
- •2. List these events in order of their occurrence. Then use them as a plan to speak on:
- •3. If you could have asked Mr. Ford only three questions, what would you have asked?
- •1. Choose the correct statement:
1. Write a short essay on the development of science in your country. Mention the names of scientists working in your University and the fields of science they are working in.
Listening Comprehension
Listen to the text and answer the following questions:
1. Where are most modern science-fiction stories set?
2. What differs science-fiction from fantasy?
3. Who are the most popular science-fiction writers?
JOKES AND ANECDOTES
* * *
A girl wishing to enlist in the WAC to be trained as radio operator was asked: "Do you know Morse?"
"No," she replied. "But Id like to meet him!"
* * *
Prof. – "Can you tell me anything about the great chemists of the 17th century?"
Stud. – "They are all dead, sir."
Beggars can scarcely be choosers.
Robert Browning
(1812 -1889)
Unit 4
BUSINESS AND ECONOMY
Do you know that ...
…few millionaires started with inherited wealth?
…the first Rockefeller ( John D. 1839-1937) started life as a clerk?
…the biggest coins (found in one of the East Pacific Islands) are so heavy that it takes several men to carry them?
…the lightest and the smallest coins(southern India) were pin-head size?
Active vocabulary
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accept (v) – |
приймати; визнавати |
to accept an invitation, the fact; to accept smb’s views |
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accounting (n) –
accountant (n) – |
бухгалтерське діло; бухгалтерський облік бухгалтер |
business accounting; to keep accounting; chief accountant; to appoint an accountant |
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business (n) – |
діло, підприємство; комерційна діяльність |
What’s his business? to open a new business |
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capital (n) – human capital –capital goods – |
капітал людські ресурси засоби виробництва |
capital and labour; to invest capital; to attract human capital; to invest into capital goods |
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competition (n) – |
конкуренція |
strong competition; to win competition |
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customer (n) – |
покупець; клієнт |
a customer of a business; to attract customers |
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dealing (n) – |
угода |
fair dealing; to conclude a dealing |
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demand (n) – |
вимога; потреба; нестаток; попит |
public demand; to be in poor demand; to be in demand; demand for consumer goods |
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earn (v) – |
заробляти |
to earn much; to earn one’s living |
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employ (v) –
unemployed – |
давати роботу; наймати безробітний |
to employ workers; to be employed increasing number of unemployed |
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employee (n) – |
робітник;службовець; працюючий за наймом |
the factory’s employees; to dismiss employees |
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employer (n) – |
наймач; хазяїн; роботодавець |
the worker’s employer; employers and employees |
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employment (n) – |
робота за наймом; служба; зайнятість робочої сили |
employment bureau; full employment |
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expenses (n) – |
витрати; трати |
travelling expenses; to reduce expenses |
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figure (n) – |
цифра; малюнок; особа |
key figures; to calculate figures; See Fig. 35; public figure |
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goods (n.) – |
товар; товари |
consumer goods; to manufacture goods |
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involve (v) – |
вабити за собою; спричинювати (наслідки); утягувати; уплутувати |
to involve expenses; to involve smb’s rights; to be involved in debts |
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income (n) – |
доход (и); надходження |
to receive income; monthly income |
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job (n) – |
робота; місце служби |
to have a good job; to be out of job |
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keep (v) – |
тримати; мати; зберігати |
to keep money in the bank; keep one’s word |
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labo(u)r (n) – |
праця |
skilled labour; manual labour; Labour Party |
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meet (v) – |
задовольняти; відповідати |
to meet a requirement; to meet demands |
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need (n) – (pl.) |
потреби; запити |
human needs; to be in need of smth. |
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obligation (n) – |
зобов'язання |
contractual obligations; to have obligations |
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payment (n) – |
оплата; платіж |
monthly payments; payment in cash |
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price (n) – |
ціна |
market price; to set prices |
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product (n) –
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) – |
продукт; продукція; виріб валовий внутрішній продукт |
farm products; finished product; to manufacture products; GDP increase |
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profit (n) – |
користь; вигода; прибуток |
profit and losses; to gain profit |
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rate (n) – |
ставка; тариф; розцінка |
exchange rates; to set a rate |
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responsible (adj) – |
відповідальний; що несе відповідальність |
to be responsible to smb.; to be responsible for smth.; responsible worker |
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salary (n) – |
жалування; оклад |
yearly salary; fixed salary |
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satisfy (v) – |
задовольняти; відповідати |
to be satisfied with smth; to satisfy the demands |
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sell (v) – |
продавати(ся); торгувати |
to sell a house; to sell on credit |
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service (n) – |
служба; послуга; обслуговування |
medical service; service station; hotel services |
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shortage (n) – |
недостача; недолік |
a shortage of goods; to cut shortage |
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standard of living (n) – |
життєвий рівень |
high standards of living; to achieve a certain standard of living |
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statement (n) – |
офіційний звіт |
financial statement; to check a statement |
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supply (n) – (pl.) |
запас; припаси; ресурси |
to be in short supplies; to cut supplies; to exceed supply; supply and demand |
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surplus (n) – |
надлишок |
surplus labour; a surplus in engineers |
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transaction (n) – |
операція |
business transaction; to conclude a transaction |
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value (n) – |
цінність; важливість; вартість |
to be of no value; cultural values; the value of dollar; market value |
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wages (n) – |
заробітна плата в залежності від виробітку |
to cut wages; wage rate; |
LEXICAL EXERCISES
Exercise 1.Translate the derivatives:
agreement, investment, operation, interaction, performance, fluency, growth, strength, presently, poor, cleanup, want, measurement, creative, creatively, expected, unexpected.
Exercise 2. Fill in the table with words of these word families.
Explain the difference in nouns:
scientist, science, scientific;
employer, employee, employ;
pay, payer, payment, payable;
product, produce, production, productive, productivity.
verb |
noun |
adjective |
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Exercise 3. Match synonyms:
A |
B |
essential dealing customer exist contract need proprietor purchase create also be willing quick improve grow |
as well as buyer be fast increase important agreement make want owner buy make better require transaction |