Shakespeare

William Shakespeare was the greatest writer in the English language. He was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of eighteen he married Anne Hathaway, who was eight years older than himself. A few years later he moved to London, where he worked as an actor and a playwright.

Shakespeare wrote thirty-seven plays and 154 sonnets (a kind of poem). His most famous plays are the four great tragedies – Othello, Macbeth, Hamlet and King Lear. He also wrote several historical plays. Eight of these plays were about English kings, including Richard II, Henry V and Richard III. Others dealt with Roman history and included Julius Caesar and Anthony and Cleopatra. But not all of the Shakespeare’s plays were serious. He also wrote comedies, such as A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Twelfth Night.

Shakespeare died in Stratford on 23 April 1616, but his plays are still very popular today. They have been translated into several different languages, and many of them have been made into films, both in English and other languages. Shakespeare’s plays are about the great issues of life – love, hatred, jealousy, power, ambition, death and so on. So, his plays are just so relevant today as they were in the sixteenth century. To show this, modern directors sometimes do the plays in modern dress, and one of Shakespeare’s plays has even been turned into a modern musical. His romantic tragedy Romeo and Juliet was the basis for the musical West Side Story.

7. Дайте письмові відповіді на запитання до тексту:

1. Who is the most famous writer in your language?

2. What do you know about him/her?

8. Складіть план до тексту у формі запитань різного типу.

Контрольна робота № 3

Щоб правильно виконати контрольну роботу № 3, необхідно повторити наступний граматичний матеріал:

1. Пряма та непряма мова.

2. Пасивний стан

3. Інфінітивні конструкції та їх функції у реченні.

4. Герундій. Особливості перекладу герундія на рідну мову.

5. Модальні дієслова.

Приклад виконання завдань

1. Transform the direct speech into reported one according to the model. Pay attention to the rules of the sequence of tenses. Translate the sentences.

Mr. Smith says, “You look nice today”. – Mr. Smith said that she looked nice that day.

2. Make the following sentences passive. Translate the sentences.

1. He took his umbrella. – Він узяв свою парасольку.

His umbrella was taken by him. Його парасольку було узято ним.

3. Translate the following sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the function of the Infinitive constructions in the sentence.

1. It was easy for him to walk in the wood Йому було легко так довго

so long, because he went in for jogging in гуляти у лісі, тому що в

his childhood. дитинстві він займався

спортивною ходою.

I ВАРІАНТ

1. Transform the direct speech into reported one according to the model. Pay attention to the rules of the sequence of tenses. Translate the sentences.

1. Mr. Higgins says, “I’ve taught Eliza to speak properly”.

2. She said, “We like to make our old friends comfortable”.

3. The boy thought, “She’s been reading the book since 8 o’clock in the morning”.

4. The policeman said, “Your mother or somebody will want to know about this”.

5. “Oh, Dick!” she exclaimed, “I am so glad you have come”.

2. Make the following sentences passive. Translate the sentences.

1. We will finish the work not later than on Friday.

2. Somebody has invited her to the party.

3. People laughed at her when she said it.

4. I felt that somebody was watching me.

5. Did they give you all the necessary books?

3. Translate the following sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the function of the Infinitive constructions in the sentence.

1. It was very difficult for Della to leave her brother in the company of robbers.

2. He is heard to leave for London.

3. The weather seems to improve today.

4. Jim’s mother did not want him to participate in the box section, and he had to obey.

5. We have never known him lose his temper before.

4. Choose the necessary modal verb among those in brackets. Translate the sentences.

1. Dennis (can, must) play chess very well. He is going to be a champion soon.

2. (Should, may) I come in? I am late because of the hard traffic.

3. John (may not, cannot) be so shy. I know him as a joyful person.

4. You are a student of our college, so you (may, must) play for our football team.

5. Our father (be to, should) be congratulated with his birthday tomorrow.

5. Translate the sentences into Russian. Pay attention to the translation of the Gerund.

1. Meeting the president of the United States of America is a great honour for every citizen of America.

2. Being afraid of cancer my grandfather gave up smoking.

3. I regret having wasted so much time on this boring book.

4. In translating the text he consulted the dictionary.

5. I don’t mind him visiting our party tomorrow.

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