- •Part 1 Unit 1 Rocks and their properties
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary.
- •2. Write down the transcription of the following words and practise their pronunciation:
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Answer the questions:
- •10. Speak about the Earth’s crust and the minerals it is composed of.
- •11. Translate the sentences paying attention to the conjunction either ... Or
- •12. Complete the sentences using the given words:
- •13. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form, mind the Active and the Passive voice:
- •14. Translate the sentences into English:
- •15. Render the text about hydrocarbons origin and accumulation into English:
- •The properties of rocks
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary:
- •2. Write down the transcription of the following words and practise their pronunciation:
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •4. Give the adequate Russian variants for the following word combinations:
- •5. Find the English equivalents for the following words and word combinations:
- •6. Match the words with their definitions and give their Russian equivalents:
- •7. Look through the texts and give your definitions of the following words:
- •8. Complete the following sentences:
- •9. Answer the questions:
- •10. Find the information in the text which will prove that:
- •11. Prove that formation properties must be carefully observed to achieve success in drilling.
- •12. Translate the sentences paying attention to the conjunction since:
- •13. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form:
- •14. Translate the passage into English:
- •Rock classification
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary:
- •2. Write down the transcription of the following words and practise their pronunciation:
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •4. Give the adequate Russian variants for the following word combinations:
- •5. Find the English equivalents for the following words and word combinations:
- •6. Find the antonyms:
- •7. Agree or disagree with the following statements:
- •8. Answer the questions:
- •9. Summarize the information of the text and tell about interrelation between bit wear and rock drillability.
- •10. Find as many words connected with rocks and their properties as possible
- •Unit 2 Drilling a well
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary.
- •Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Give the adequate Russian variants for the following word combinations:
- •4. Find the English equivalents for the following words and word combinations:
- •5. Find the synonyms:
- •6. Match the words with their definitions and give their Russian equivalents:
- •7. Complete the following sentences:
- •8. Answer the questions:
- •9. Prove that drilling an oilwell is a complex business.
- •10. Translate the extract from Russian into English
- •Unit 3 Drilling bits
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary
- •2. Practise the pronunciation of the following words:
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •Bit Design
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary
- •2. Use the dictionary and write down the transcription of the following words:
- •3. Read and translate the text
- •4. Give the adequate Russian variants for the following word combinations:
- •5. Agree or disagree with the following statements:
- •6. Answer the questions:
- •Insert bits
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary
- •2. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the following words:
- •3. Read and translate the text
- •4. Give the adequate Russian variants for the following word combinations:
- •5. Agree or disagree with the following statements:
- •6. Answer the questions:
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary
- •2. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the following words:
- •3. Read and translate the text
- •4. Give the adequate Russian variants for the following word combinations:
- •5. Agree or disagree with the following statements:
- •6. Answer the questions:
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary
- •2. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the following words:
- •3. Read and translate the text
- •4. Give the adequate Russian variants for the following word combinations:
- •5. Agree or disagree with the following statements:
- •6. Answer the questions:
- •7. Find in the texts the English equivalents for the following words and word combinations and learn them by heart:
- •8. Match the words with their definitions and give their Russian equivalents:
- •9. Scan the texts and find the words which correspond to the given definitions:
- •10. Read the description of the bit and guess its type:
- •11. Complete the chart
- •12. Speak about the advantages of different bit types and drilling situations in which they prove to be suitable.
- •13. Translate the extract from Russian into English
- •Dull Bit Evaluation
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary
- •2. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the following words:
- •3. Read and translate the text
- •Unit 4 Weight on Bit and Rotary Speed
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary:
- •2. Pay attention to the abbreviations used in the text:
- •3. Write down the transcription of the following words and practise their pronunciation:
- •4. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Look through the texts and give your definitions of the following words:
- •10. Agree or disagree with the following statements:
- •11. Complete the following sentences:
- •12. Scan the text and think of the possible questions you can ask about weight on bit and rotary speed. Write them down and then ask your groupmates to answer.
- •13. Summarize the information from the text and tell about special consideration taken into account to enhance drilling situation.
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary:
- •2. Pay attention to the abbreviation used in the text:
- •3. Write down the transcription of the following words and practise their pronunciation:
- •4. Read and translate the text.
- •5. Give the adequate Russian variants for the following word combinations:
- •6. Find the English equivalents for the following words and word combinations:
- •7. Find the words which correspond to the given definitions:
- •8. Agree or disagree with the following statements:
- •9. Answer the questions:
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary:
- •3. Write down the transcription of the following words and practise their pronunciation:
- •5. Give the adequate Russian variants for the following word combinations:
- •6. Find the English equivalents for the following words and word combinations:
- •7. Find the synonyms:
- •8. Match the words with their definitions and give their Russian equivalents:
- •9. Look through the text and find words which correspond to the given definitions:
- •10. Complete the following sentences:
- •11. Answer the questions:
- •13. Speak about mud characteristics and the way they affect the penetration rate.
- •1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary:
- •2. Write down the transcription of the following words and practise their pronunciation:
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •4. Give the adequate Russian variants for the following word combinations:
- •5. Find in the text the English variants for the following word combinations:
- •6. Look through the text and find antonyms:
- •6. Look through the text and find words which correspond to the given definitions:
- •7. Answer the questions:
- •8. What parts can the text be divided into? Suggest the suitable headings for each part. Make the summary of one of the parts.
- •9. Compare water and air drilling. Speak about advantages/disadvantages; formations they can be used in; problems which can occur.
- •10. Translate the extract into English:
- •Review questions
- •5. Fill in the table and speak about a shift in the balance of power in the global energy arena.
- •6. Make the article review.
- •7. Render the following text in English:
- •Glossary
10. Read the description of the bit and guess its type:
A drilling bit that has a steel body surfaced with a matrix and industrial diamonds. Cutting is performed by the rotation of the very hard diamonds over the rock surface.
A drilling bit with no moving parts but with cutting edges of hard alloys. First used when the rotary system of drilling was developed about 1900, it is still useful in drilling very soft formations.
A drilling bit made of two, three, or four cones, or cutters, that are mounted on extremely rugged bearings. The surface of each cone is made up of rows of steel teeth or rows of tungsten carbide inserts.
11. Complete the chart
Type of bit |
Construction/design |
Usage |
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12. Speak about the advantages of different bit types and drilling situations in which they prove to be suitable.
13. Translate the extract from Russian into English
Шарошечные долота успешно используются при вращательном способе бурения пород с различными физико-механическими свойствами с промывкой забоя любой промывочной жидкостью. Созданы конструкции шарошечных долот с одной, двумя, тремя, четырьмя и даже с шестью шарошками. Наиболее распространены трёхшарошечные долота. Существует 7 типов долот, предназначенных для различных горных пород с различными физико-механическими свойствами, такими как вязкость, пластичность и твёрдость.
Наряду с шарошечными долотами используются также алмазные долота. Такие долота применяются при бурении неабразивных и малоабразивных пород средней твёрдости и твёрдых, а также при бурении нижних интервалов глубоких скважин, где их высокая стоимость компенсируется долговечностью и, следовательно, снижением затрат времени на СПО. В России выпускаются алмазные долота двух типов: спиральные - для турбинного бурения и радиальные - для роторного бурения.
Наряду с долотами, армированными естественными алмазами, при бурении глубоких скважин в последние годы получили распространение долота, армированные сверхтвёрдыми сплавами.
Хорошие результаты, особенно при бурении с забойными двигателями в породах средней твёрдости, получают при использовании долот, армированных зернистым твёрдым сплавом и зубцами. Промывочная жидкость в таких долотах подаётся к забою скважин по шести промывочным отверстиям, обеспечивая хорошую очистку забоя от выбуренной породы и охлаждение контактных секторов.
Dull Bit Evaluation
What possible reasons of bit wear do you know? Read the text and prove your suggestions.
1. Before reading the text, study the vocabulary
to call for |
требовать |
to trip out |
Поднять инструмент из скважины |
skid marks |
Царапины |
locked |
Засоренный, забитый |
failure |
Поломка, неисправность |
gauge teeth |
Внешние зубья |
drill collars |
Утяжеленная буровая труба |
undergauge hole |
Ствол скважины с диаметром меньше номинального |
drill stem (string) |
Бурильная колонна |
to ream to full gauge |
Обрабатывать ствол скважины расширителем до полного диаметра |
reaming |
Расширение ствола скважины |
to bounce |
Дрожать, сотрясаться |
drill string bounce |
Резкое сотрясение бурильной колонны |
shock load |
Ударная, чрезмерная нагрузка |
center coring |
Отбор керна, колонковое бурение |