- •А кадемия управления при Президенте Республики Беларусь
- •Система открытого образования
- •Business english Курс лекций
- •Is she talking? 8
- •1. Starting to trade 151
- •2. The marketing mix 166
- •The Future: will
- •I/you/he/she/it/we/they will go (I’ll. He’ll, they’ll go)
- •Past Simple Tense
- •Positive (regular verbs)
- •Present Perfect Tense
- •Question Have you done it yet? Where have you been?
- •Review of time expressions
- •Word study Putting Nouns Together
- •Summary
- •The president
- •For discussion
- •The future perfect
- •More about auxiliary verbs
- •Word study
- •Two More Ways to Put Nouns Together
- •Company structure
- •Application for a job
- •74 Dockside Manchester m15 7bj 8 March 2000
- •Utility chiefs top executive pay increases
- •Unit II
- •Types of companies
- •Text № 1
- •Types of companies
- •Investing in a limited company
- •Summary of modal verbs
- •Modals with more than one meaning
- •You mustn’t vs. You don’t have to
- •Other uses of “will” and “would”
- •Degrees of probability
- •Exercise 15. Which is the closest in meaning?
- •The passive with modals
- •The indirect passive
- •Share capital
- •Companies
- •Must have and might have
- •Present Past
- •Could have and should have
- •Present
- •Types of business units
- •Unit III starting a business
- •Participles
- •A real estate purchase
- •Another use for participles
- •Participles
- •The problem of cash flow
- •Exchange rates cause budgeting problems
- •The flow of funds
- •Read and give the summary of the newspaper articles.
- •1. Greenalls refocuses spending By Dominic Walsh
- •2. Mandelson wants uk "digital leader" By Raymond Snoddy, Media Editor
- •3. Paget departs from telspec By Chris Ayres
- •4. Tlg succumbs to 353 million pounds wassall bid By Paul Durman
- •5. Progress hope at pilkington By Paul Durman
- •Unit IV management
- •What is management?
- •1.1. Read and translate the text.
- •1.2. Put 5 questions to part 1 of the text the answers to which are marked by •
- •1.3.. Answer the following questions:
- •1.4. Try to remember 5 main duties of managers.
- •2.1.. Read the notes of the lecture about management. Write out new words. Translate the text.
- •2.2.. Discuss:
- •3.1. Read text ¹ 3. Complete the sentences, finding them in the text:
- •3.2. Discuss:
- •4.1. Read text ¹ 4 about managers’ skills. There are 9 of them mentioned. Make the list of them and discuss the following:
- •Gerunds
- •The infinitive Positive Infinitive Negative Infinitive
- •Conditionals First conditional
- •Second conditional
- •Third conditional
- •The conditional
- •Texts for reading Holding Meetings
- •1. Put a tick or a cross in the box after each statement to show whether you think it is correct or not:
- •London borough Spring Personnel. Legal pa £25,000
- •Relative clauses
- •Miss Johnson is a secretary I work with.*
- •More examples of relative clauses
- •Of which vs. Whose
- •Past participles used as adjectives
- •Relative clauses with prepositions
- •Relative clauses with deletions
- •Conjunctions and related phrases
- •Agreement of tenses
- •Reported speech: agreement of tenses
- •Direct Reported
- •Reported questions
- •Interrogative noun clauses Who’s That Man?
- •Didn’t he apologize for _______?
- •Do you know _______?
- •Text ¹ 2 Market Study
- •Questions about the story
- •For discussion
- •Texts for reading and discussion
- •1. Starting to trade
- •Marketing Defining marketing
- •2. The centrality of marketing
- •1D Comprehension
- •Product policy
- •1A Discussion
- •1A Reading
- •3. Products and brands
- •4. It pays to advertise
- •It pays to advertise
- •2. The marketing mix
- •The role of advertising
- •Does the fact that it pays to advertise seem obvious to you? Explain your answer.
- •Figure 1.1.: gross margin
- •Paragraph 3: aura
- •3. Users of both competitive brands and of our product.
- •Born in 1946, we offer 52 years of experience
- •Unit VI business communication
- •Higher management
- •Rules of Writing
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •Means of communication
- •4 Abilities
- •5 Experience
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •Writing
- •Text 6 designing a sales letter
- •Manufactures of Quality Office Equipment since 1940
- •The layout of a business letter
- •23 Nelson Square
- •Velkotex Ltd
- •Prefixes of negation
- •Indicative Subjunctive
- •Verbs used with the subjunctive
- •Indicative vs subjunctive
- •Indicative Subjunctive
- •Infinitives with “seem” and “appear”
- •By Russsell Hotten
- •Sources
- •Козлова Любовь Константиновна Business English
- •220007, Г. Минск, ул. Московская, 17.
Other uses of “will” and “would”
“On morning like this Peter would often take the time to walk a few blocks and enjoy the weather…”
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Present |
Past |
Repeated action: |
John is a quiet worker, he’ll sit at his desk for hours and won’t say a word.
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John was a quiet worker, he would sit at his desk for hours and wouldn’t say a word. |
Capability: |
This sports car will go 120 m.p.h., but it won’t start in bad weather.
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My old car wouldn’t go over 40 m.p.h., but it would start in any weather. |
Refusal/ willingness: |
Bill wants to leave early but his boss won’t let him. |
Bill wanted to leave early, but his boss wouldn’t let him. |
Exercise 14. Which is closest in meaning?
Example: Won’t anyone help me? ___Doesn’t anyone ever…
___Can’t anyone …
___Isn’t anyone willing to …
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___ …often holds … ___ is capable of holding … ___ is willing to hold … |
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___We used to … ___ We could … ___We were willing to … |
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___She’s often … ___She can be … ___She’s willing to be … |
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___ …didn’t used to … ___ …couldn’t … ___ … wasn’t willing to… |
Degrees of probability
Where’s the Director?
He’s definitely … = I know he’s … = I’m sure (certain) he’s … He must be … = I assume he’s … = I’m almost sure (certain) he’s … He should be … = He’s probably … = I think he’s … He may/might be … = Maybe (Perhaps) he’s … = It’s possible he’s … He’s probably not … = I don’t think he’s … = I doubt he’s … |
in his office.
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Exercise 15. Which is the closest in meaning?
E xample: I know he’s at home now. ___ He’s definitely …
___ He’s probably …
___ Maybe he’s …
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___ It’s definitely going to … ___ It’s probably going to … ___ Maybe it will … |
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___ She must be … ___ She’s definitely … ___ She might be … |
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___ I’m sure they’ll … ___ I assume they’ll … ___ I think they’ll … |
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___ I’m sure … ___ I’m almost sure … ___ It’s possible … |
I doubt such a big research investment will prove worthwhile. |
___ I’m sure … ___ I don’t think … ___ It’s not possible … |
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___ He’ll definitely … ___ I think he’ll … ___ Perhaps he’ll … |
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___ We can definitely … ___ We can probably … ___ Maybe we can … |
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___ I’m sure we’ll … ___ I assume we’ll … ___ It’s possible that we’ll … |
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___ I know they’re … ___ I think they’re … ___ Perhaps they’re … |
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___ I doubt we’ll … ___ I think we’ll … ___ We might not … |
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___ He definitely … ___ He probably … ___ It’s possible that he … |
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___ I assume he’s … ___ I think he’s … ___ It’s possible that … |