Master's degree

A Master's degree is a postgraduate academic degree, awarded after the completion of an academic program of one to six years in duration.

In the recently standardized European system of higher education diplomas, it corresponds to a one to two year (60 to 120 ECTS credits) postgraduate program, undertaken after at least three years of undergraduate studies. It provides higher qualification for employment or prepares for doctoral studies. In the USA and Canada, a Master's degree entails a one- or two-year course, in which students would normally enroll after completing a bachelor's degree.

However, in some European countries, a Magister is a first degree and may be considered equivalent to a modern (standardized) Master's degree (e.g., the German university Diplom/Magister, or the similar 5-year diploma awarded in several subjects in Greek, Spanish, Italian, and other universities and polytechnics).

The Master of Arts (Magister Artium), Master of Science Magister Scientiæ) and Master of Science in Law degrees are the basic degree types in most subjects, and they may be course-based, research-based, or (more typically) a mixture of the two. A dissertation may or may not be required, depending on the program. There are also degrees of the same level, such as engineer's degrees, which have different names for historical reasons.

Admission to a master's program normally requires holding a Bachelor's degree (in the United Kingdom an 'honours' bachelor degree), although relevant work experience may qualify a candidate. Progressing to a doctoral program sometimes requires that the candidate first earn a Master's degree. In some fields or postgraduate programs, work on a doctorate begins immediately after the Bachelor's degree, but the Master's may be earned along the way, as a result of the successful completion of coursework and certain examinations. In some cases the student's Bachelor's degree must be in the same subject as the intended Master's degree, or in a closely allied discipline; in others, the subject of the Bachelor's degree is of no importance.

There has recently been an increase in programs, leading to these degrees in the United States; more than twice. Some university programmes provide for a joint Bachelor's and Master's degree after four or five years.

A degree is any of a wide range of status levels, conferred by institutions of higher education, such as universities, normally as the result of successfully completing a program of study.

Vocabulary

award – присуждать

with honors – с отличием

praise – похвала

occasionally – иногда, изредка

rite – традиционно, обычно

notation – запись

GPA = средний балл

average – средний, среднестатистический

distinction - различие

thesis – диссертация

notable – примечательный

dean – декан

comprehensive – комплексный

track – зд.: запись

scholar – зд.: стипендиат

percentile – процентиль

in lieu of – вместо

core – основной

curriculum –учебный план/программа

transcript – вкладыш с оценками

maintain – поддерживать

preceding – предыдущий

faculty – профессорско-преподавательский состав

entail – влечь за собой, вызывать

enroll – записываться, поступать

allied – смежный, близкий

confer – жаловать, даровать

Задания

1. Выпишите из текста все научные степени и «похвальные» записи в дипломах и подберите их аналоги в русском языке.

2. Выполните лингво-переводческий анализ текста

3. Выявите систему языковых средств, оформляющих энцикло-педический текст.

4. Определите, есть ли в тексте:

• термины,

• клише,

• прецизионная лексика.

5. Выполните письменный перевод текста на русский язык, соблюдая специфику данного жанра