Special Difficulties

1. Translate into Russian the following sentences. Pay special attention to the use of the word “mean(s)”

To mean — значить, означать Meaning — значение

Means — средство By means of — посредством

By no means — ни в коем случае Mean — средний; среднее число

1.In the past the word “engineer” meant a designer of engines. 2. The meaning of “telemetry” is measuring at a distance and it is a combination of Greek and Latin words. 3. By means of satellites we can communicate with any country of the world. 4. There were no means of direct communication before the telephone was invented. 5. By communication we mean various ways to send information. 6. The importance of space means of communication is increasing every year. 7. By what means is speech transmitted over a distance? 8. The mean distance between these two objects is not known yet. 9. Wires and cables are still the primary means for telephone connections. 10. You can now connect your computer to computers all over the world by means of the Internet. 11. By no means the computer can substitute a human being in all respects. 12. What is the mean annual temperature in your country?

2. Translate into Russian the following sentences. Pay special attention to the use of the verb “to involve” and its derivatives

1.The water protection of Lake Baikal has shown the true position of the organizations involved. 2.International involvement in the space program raises a number of questions. 3.Work with computers and other sophisticated electronic devices involves two different types of construction: hardware and software. 4. An efficient radiator is capable of warming a large room, the process involved is convection. 5. To understand the operation of computers one must understand the principles involved.

3. Translate into Russian the following sentences. Pay special attention to the meaning of the words given below

To provide — обеспечивать; снабжать, предусматривать

Providing — обеспечение; при условии, если только; в том случае, если

Provided — обеспеченный; предусмотренный; снабженный; при условии, если только; в том случае, если

1. After providing this command, the channel can communicate with other devices on the interface. 2. A new system for motor car can be provided with infrared sensors that can detect a human finger at night. 3. The speed of a satellite would be less provided it moved at a greater distance from the earth. 4. The process could be repeated, providing we wanted to receive the final results. 5. The set of instructions is provided for the logical processing of data. 6. The device will be of small size, provided it is designed on transistors. 7. Providing she studies hard, she’ll pass her exams. 8. During the entire flight the pilot is provided with all the necessary information about weather conditions.

Home Vocabulary Exercises

I. Arrange the following words into your own sentences:

1. electronic, begin, are converted, telecommunications, with, signals, into, messages, that.

2. a, of, transmit, are, ways, decode, signals, there, create, and, to, variety.

3. original, and, telecommunications, were, wires, for, cables, medium, the.

4. very, capacity, has grown, digital, the, rapidly, networks, of.

5. wires, information, can, many, cables, copper, carry, than, fibre-optic, times, more.

6. companies, are used, transmit, great, television, to, satellites, by, distance, signals, across, communications.

II. Fill in the blanks with the words given below:

digital, are converted, reaches, fiber-optic, cordless, wires

1. Telecommunications begins with messages that … into electronic signals.

2. Telecommunications media may or may not use … .

3. Telecommunications without wires uses technologies such as … telephones, cellular radiotelephones, walkie-talkies, citizens band radios, pagers, and satellites.

4. The capacity of … networks has grown very rapidly and they can carry a mix of voice, data, text and pictures.

5. … cables can transmit signals in the form of pulsed beams of laser light.

6. When a signal … its destination, the electronic signal is converted back into an understandable message.

4. Fill in the blanks with the prepositions given below:

by, between, with, on, for, between, to, into, across, on, from, over, through

1. Telecommunications enables people to send and receive personal messages … town, … countries, and to and … outer space.

2. Wireless telecommunications use radio waves, sent … space from one … antenna another, as the medium …communication.

3. Most personal computers communicate … each other and with larger networks, such as the Internet, … using the ordinary telephone network.

4. Wire-based telecommunications provides the initial link … most telephones and the telephone network.

5. When a signal reaches its destination, … the device the receiving end converts the electronic signal back … an understandable message, such as sound … a telephone, moving images on a television, or words and pictures … a computer screen.

5. Translate into English:

1. Спутники связи обеспечивают надежную телекоммуникационную связь с любым объектом на земле, на море и в воздухе. 2. В настоящее время вместо телеграфа широко используется факсимильная связь и электронная почта. 3. Цифровые сигналы передаются намного быстрее, чем аналоговые. 4. Для передачи информации на большие расстояния используется СВ – связь. 5. По волоконно-оптическому кабелю можно одновременно транслировать несколько телеканалов и передавать тысячи телефонных разговоров. 6. Известно, что по волоконно-оптическому кабелю можно транслировать намного больше информации, чем по медному проводу. 7. По мере совершенствования телекоммуникационной техники меняются и развиваются все телекоммуникационные системы. 8. С помощью телекоммуникационных средств связи люди могут обмениваться информацией в пределах одного города или страны, между городами или странами, а также с космическими объектами, если они могут посылать и принимать радио сигналы. 9. Средства телекоммуникации – это приборы и системы для передачи электронных сигналов на большие расстояния.