- •Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение
- •Введение
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Give definitions of the following words:
- •3. Read the text and do the tasks.
- •4. Answer the question about the British police.
- •5. Finish the following sentences, using tail questions.
- •6. Find equivalents to the following Russian words and phrases in the text above:
- •7. Read the interview with a police officer. Dramatize it. Then sum up the information you learnt from the interview about the British police.
- •9. Master your vocabulary in the topic “Crime and Criminals”
- •10. Read the text and explain why a police officer has to ‘caution’ the person who is being arrested.
- •11. Complete the article with words from the box.
- •12. Match the words in bold in the previous task to the definitions 1-7.
- •13. Use the words from the box in the text:
- •14. Read the newspaper article below and think of a headline for it. Answer the questions:
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Read the following verbs:
- •15. Make a survey of the crimes and court cases that are reported in the news in one week.
- •16. Read the conversation between Nancy Bryant, a fraud prevention officer, and a journalist. Answer the questions:
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Explain what the following words and expressions mean:
- •5. Find in the text above the English equivalents for the following words and expressions:
- •6. Fill in the gaps in the text below with the words and expressions from the box:
- •7. Fill in the gaps in the sentences using the sentences below the text.
- •9. Use one word in each gap. You’ve been framed!
- •11 Points
- •6 Points
- •12 Points
- •6 Points
- •5 Points
- •Vocabulary
- •10. Match each of the following verbs with a word or phrase on the right. They are all connected with a British court of law.
- •11. Interview your partner using the questions below:
- •12. Read the text below and think of the word which fits best for each gap. Use only one word in each gap.
- •13. Read the text below and decide which answer (a, b, c, or d) best fits each gap.
- •14. Study the authentic cases given below. Discuss each in pairs and decide the following:
- •15. People say that children today are growing up more quickly. The law sometimes makes this possible. Look at the information below. How these laws are different in Russia?
- •16. Read the article and complete it with the words from the box.
- •17. Translate into English.
- •18. Translate into English.
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Which of the actions or procedures above are carried out by each of the following people?
- •2 . Match each word below with the definition.
- •7. Complete these sentences using the pairs from the exercise above. You may have to make changes to fit the grammar of the sentences. The first one has been made for you as an example.
- •8. Put each of the words in the box in its correct place in the passage below:
- •10 Read the four articles below.
- •11. Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.
- •13 Work in pairs. Read the information below and decide how much money the woman should receive.
- •14. Why do you think people commit crimes? Discuss the problem of the causes of crime.
- •15. Discuss these questions:
- •17. Read the newspaper extract below, and discuss the question that follows.
- •Vocabulary
- •4. Fill in the gaps.
- •5. Translate from Russian into English.
- •6. Complete the following text using the words from the box:
- •7. Translate into English.
- •8. Discuss the items below:
- •9. Translate into English.
- •10. What is your opinion about the trial jury?
- •Grammar
- •8 Points
- •8 Points
- •7 Points
- •8 Points
- •7 Points
- •12 Points
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Before you read the text discuss the following points:
- •2. Read the text.
- •2. Find in the text above the English equivalents for the following words and expression:
- •3. Write out all kinds of punishments from the text and put them in order from the most serious ones to the lightest.
- •4. Answer the questions about the text:
- •5. Match to make sentences.
- •6. A. Use a word in each gap to complete the text.
- •7. Use one word in each gap.
- •8. Use the word given in capitals to form a word that fits in the gap.
- •9. Read the text below and think of the word which fits best in each gap. Use only one word in each gap.
- •Identity theft
- •10. Translate the following text into English:
- •11. Discuss the following issues:
- •12. Read the following text.
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Answer the following questions:
- •4. Find English equivalents for the following words and phrases in the text:
- •5. Match the following English expressions with their Russian equivalents:
- •6. Translate the following text into English:
- •7. Study the following phrasal verbs:
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Which sentences are true and which ones are false?
- •4. Complete the sentences.
- •5. Match the verbs with the nouns. Use the phrases in the sentences of your own:
- •10. Translate into English.
- •11. Read the following newspaper stories. How do you feel when you read them? Work in groups. Discuss each case in turn.
- •Grammar
- •Infinitive. Complex Object. Complex Subject.
- •15 Points
- •Insert the words from the box:
- •10 Points
- •Vocabulary
- •6. Below are the main areas of commercial law. Match each branch to the contents it covers. The first one is done for you.
- •Vocabulary
- •5. Say whether the statements are true or false.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •8. Read the text ‘Women in Politics’ and answer the questions:
- •9. Speak on the topic “Law of property, natural resources and the environment”.
- •Victims of oil shortage.
- •It’s an ill wind…
- •13. A) Work in pairs. Take it in turns to react to the statements below. Use the expressions for expressing opinion from the previous exercise.
- •Vocabulary
- •4. Are these statements true or false?
- •6. Find the best equivalent for the words below.
- •7. Give the English equivalents for the following:
- •8. Work in pairs. Which of the following freedoms is the most important to you? Why?
- •9. Choose the correct word to complete sentences. How strongly do you agree or disagree with the following statements?
- •It happened on December 1
- •12. Read the text below and answer the question: what does the law of your country guarantee to disabled people? What is the attitude to people with limited abilities?
- •13. Translate into English.
- •14. Read the text below and discuss with your class mates how much privacy we have these days.
- •10 Points
- •10 Points
- •7 Points
- •Основная литература
13. A) Work in pairs. Take it in turns to react to the statements below. Use the expressions for expressing opinion from the previous exercise.
Zoos are cruel and unnecessary. They should be closed down and the animals returned to the wild.
All children should have a pet. Caring for an animal helps them learn to be more responsible.
People shouldn’t be allowed to keep dogs if they live in a small flat.
Animals have exactly the same rights as human beings.
There are more important things in the world to worry about than cruelty to animals.
Hunting animals is a crime.
B) Work in pairs. Read the list of activities that animal rights movements campaign against. Then discuss the questions below.
testing cosmetics and cleaning products on live animals
testing new drugs, vaccines and surgical techniques on live animals
farming animals to make fur coats
using intensive farming techniques to obtain cheaper meat products
transporting animals thousands of mile before slaughtering them
selling exotic animals as pets
1 Can you think of any other activities that animal rights activists find unacceptable?
2 Which of these activities do you think are a) acceptable and necessary b) acceptable in certain circumstances c) totally unacceptable? Explain your reasons. 83
Writing
Write an essay “Women’s rights and women’s role in the family in the 19th century”.
Topic 3. Civil rights and liberties
Vocabulary
interchangeably– равнозначно, взаимозаменяемо
declare– объявлять, заявлять, называть
provide– обеспечивать, предоставлять
vote– голосовать
elect– избирать, выбирать
overlap– частично совпадать
concern– касаться, иметь отношение
attempt– попытка
equality– равенство
adjust– улаживать, регулировать
resolve– принимать решение, выносить резолюцию
exist– существовать
recognize– признавать
distinguishable– отличимый
inherent- присущий
inalienable–неотъемлемый
Answer the following questions:
1) Does the law of your country guarantee civil rights and liberties?
2) What should the individual do if his/her rights are abridged (ограничиваются)?
Can you list any civil rights and liberties?
Form nouns from the following verbs:
declare
provide
elect
resolve
exist
recognize
distinguish
Read the text.
Sometimes they use two terms, civil rights and civil liberties, interchangeably, though their meanings are different.
Civil liberties are freedoms that are guaranteed to the individual. Civil liberties declare what the government cannot do; in contrast, civil rights declare what the government must do or provide.
Civil rights are powers or privileges that are guaranteed to the individual and protected from arbitrary removal at the hands of the government or other individuals. The right to vote and the right to jury trial in criminal cases are civil rights.
Civil rights and liberties overlap with individual rights and liberties, but belong more to the area of social and public interests than do individual rights, which belong mainly to the area of individual interests. They are concerned essentially with what individuals and groups may do within the law, e.g. stand for election to a public authority, rather with what they may exact, e.g. social security. Civil rights may be regarded as attempts to give meaning to the ideal of equality under laws, and civil liberties as flowing from the ideal of freedom.
Civil rights protect certain general human needs and interests, but sometimes conflict with other human needs and interests. These conflicts have to be adjusted and resolved in the courts or by legislation. A civil right or liberty exists only in so far as it is legally recognized and protected, not merely if it is asserted or even proclaimed by a government or political party.
Civil liberties are distinguishable from moral liberty or freedom of the will; from political liberties, such as the right to elect or stand to election; from ‘human rights’ or ‘natural rights’; from economic liberties, such as freedom of contract, trade, competition, of organizing and of striking.; from religious liberties, such as freedom of belief and of worship; and from academic freedom; though there is considerable overlapping, and as law in general protects each of these groups of liberties. Civil liberties were justified by 17th and 18th century philosophers as inherent or inalienable rights. Historically most of them arose by way of successful resistance to kings, harsh employers, unrepresentative parliaments, and the like. 84