3. Text c

4. Internal Modems: Manual configuration

If it didn't get automatically assigned a port ttySx and an IRQ (or you need to change these values) then you … it yourself. You first need … which ttySx (or ttys/x) to assign it to. Pick a ttySx that … not already in use by other serial ports. Then you have the problem of setting an IRQ number and IO address. For PnP modems: If the BIOS … already … these in the physical device (which a PnP BIOS will do if it thinks you don't have a PnP OS) then you need to determine the IRQ and IO address and then tell this to "setserial".

In other cases you may have some choice of IRQs and IO addresses (including the case where you are able to change what the BIOS has set). For ISA modems … … standard IO addresses to use (corresponding to the ttySx). For example you may find it feasible to use /dev/ttyS2 at IO address 0x3e8 and IRQ 11. PCI modems seem … different IO addresses so as not to conflict with ISA modems.

XI. Put the words into the right order.

Plug, line, into, the, modem, a, telephone.

Minicom, to set, to use, up, is, modem, to test, the, your, easiest, and.

First, you, time, ppp, the, may, get, to, work.

With, you, to see, minicom, modem, is, check, if, your, there, ready, and, to dial.

PC, four, of, for, are, a, basic, modems, there, types.

The, is, card, internal, modem, is, inside, inserted, that, the, computer, a.

XII. Translate the text into English in written form.

Key words: abbreviation, modulator- demodulator, connection device, analogue, digital, to transmit, coordination, commutation, connecting, short range modems, baseband modems, cellular communication/mobile radio-link communication, package

Text d Модем

Модем (Modem – скорочення від модулятор-демодулятор) – пристрій зв'язку для перетворення аналогового сигналу в дискретний (модуляція) та навпаки (демодуляція), що, наприклад, дозволяє комп'ютеру передавати дані по телефонній лінії; він є пристроєм узгодження у телекомунікаційних системах, системах автоматичного керування тощо. Стосовно застосування модемів у комп'ютерній техніці, то модеми поділяють на внутрішні (що встановлюються усередині системного блока), зовнішні (що встановлюються ззовні системного блока), портативні (застосовуються з портативними комп'ютерами), групові (при об'єднанні відповідних модемних пристроїв в групи).

За сферою застосування модеми можна поділити на такі групи:

• для комутованих телефонних каналів;

• для виділених телефонних каналів;

• для фізичних з'єднувальних ліній:

  • модеми низького рівня (лінійні драйвери) або модеми на коротку відстань;

  • модеми основної смуги;

• для цифрових систем передачі (CSU/DSU);

• для стільникових систем зв'язку;

• для пакетних радіомереж;

• для локальних радіомереж.

Unit 6

I. Read the text carefully and answer the questions below. Explain the words in bold.

Text A

One of the shared assumptions in-computer research is that talking to computers is a very good idea. Such a good idea that: speech is regarded as the natural interface: between human and computer.

Each company with enough money to spare and enough egotism to believe that it can shape everyone's future now has a 'natural language' research group. Films and TV series set in the future use computers with voice interfaces to show how far technology has advanced from our own primitive day and age. The unwritten assumption is that talking to your computer will in the end be as natural as shouting at your relatives.

The roots of this shared delusion lie in the genuine of spoken communication between humans. Meaning is transferred from person to person so effortlessly that it must be the best way of transferring information from a human to another object.

This view is totally misguided. Computers do not experience life as people do – it is shared human experience which enables people to understand each other precisely in a conversation where a transcript would make very little sense. Unfinished sentences, in-jokes, catchphrases, hesitation markers like 'er' and 'you know', and words whose meaning is only clear in the context of that one conversation are no bar to human understanding, but baffled early attempts at computer speech recognition.

It is true that recent advances in linguistic research and artificial intelligence address this problem, but they address it only in part. The problem essentially remains.

1. Is it a good idea to talk to computers?

2. Is speech regarded as the natural interface: between human and computer?

3. Will talking to your computer be as natural as shouting at your relatives?

4. What must be the best way of transferring information from a human to another object?

5. Computers do not experience life as people do, don’t they?