2.2.3 Особенности перевода определительных оборотов с пассивным причастием

the x + xed +(prp)

Xed/3 форма глагола

Английские причастные обороты, образованные от глаголов, соответствующие русские эквиваленты которых принимают предложные дополнения, переводятся на русский язык определительными придаточными предложениями, начинающимися с соответствующего предлога:

This is the book so much spoken about.

Вот книга, о которой так много говорят.

Запомните значения следующих глаголов:

a)

agree upon (on) договориться, условиться о

arrive at приходить к (заключению, решению)

depend on (upon) зависеть от

insist on (upon) настаивать на

look at смотреть на

look after наблюдать за

refer to ссылаться на; упоминать о

send for посылать за

speak, talk about (of) говорить о (об)

b)

attack (smb., smth.) начинать (работу, исследование)

follow (smb., smth.) следовать, следить за кем-либо, чем-либо; следовать чему-либо

join (smb., smth.) присоединяться (к группе), поступать (на работу)

influence(smb., smth.) влиять, оказывать воздействие на что-либо, кого- либо

1. Выделите определительные обороты с пассивными причастиями, перевод которых необходимо начинать с предлога.

1. 1 agreed upon, 2 arrived at, 3 followed by, 4 attacked by, 5 joined by, 6 referred to, 7s carried out;

2. 8 insisted upon, 9s influenced by, 10 looked at, 11 looked after, 12 relied on, 13 founded in, 14 send for.

2. Дайте русский эквивалент речевым отрезкам, учитывая особенности перевода определительных оборотов с пассивным причастием.

The invention followed by, the method agreed upon, the data looked at, the properties depended on, the results arrived at, the discovery spoken about, the figures looked at.

3. Дайте русские эквиваленты предложениям, принимая во внимание особенности перевода определительных оборотов с пассивным причастием.

1. The report followed by a lively discussion was rather cognitive. 2. The terms agreed upon were favorable. 3. The paper often referred to by many scientists was published two times. 4. The figures referred to in the report appeared last year. 5. The terms insisted upon could not be accepted. 6. The experiment watched with interest attracted attention of many researchers. 7. The new invention much spoken about was a real break through. 8. The data looked at with great attention were unique.9. The lecture followed by experiments took place last week. 10. The laboratory of microelectronics joined by Professor Brown was established ten years ago. 11. The properties of the material influenced by electromagnetic radiation were taken into consideration.

4. Определите, какой частью речи являются следующие слова. Объясните способ их образования и дайте русские эквиваленты.

High-speed, wirelessly, implementation, including, limit, obvious, replacement, fast, prevent, connect.

5. В правой колонке найдите значения словосочетаний, данных в левой, и запомните их.

high-speed transfers	один главный недостаток
wireless standard	высокоскоростные передачи
instantly download	намного более короткий диапазон
much shorter range	мгновенно загрузить
one major drawback	беспроводной стандарт

6. В правой колонке найдите значения слов, данных в левой колонке, и заполните их:

to colour, coloured, colourful to solve, solving, solved

решать, цветной, решение, окрашивать, решённый, окрашенный

7. Определите значения многофункциональных слов в следующих предложениях:

1. Qualitative research has many uses.

2. A virus is an unwanted program that has entered a user`s system without them knowing about it.

3. Most people have access to the Internet.

4. The most popular Internet service is e-mail.

5. I have to draw up a laboratory report.

6. He has never read these instructions.

8. Найдите в тексте однокоренное слово к глаголу to implement. Назовите другие однокоренные слова к этому.

9. Сгруппируйте слова а) близкие, б) противоположные по значению:

а)

1) information, disadvantage, sponsor, a use

2) backer, data, drawback, application

б)

1) longer, wired, faster, upload

2) slower, download, wireless, shorter

10. Прочитайте текст и найдите ответ на вопрос:

What is the wireless standard offering high-speed data transfer between devices?

Realising the high-speed wire-free dream

Can you imagine pulling up outside a petrol station and being able to instantly download an HD movie in less time than it takes to fill the car with fuel? Or at home, wirelessly connecting together your TV, tablet, PC and mobile phone and being able to shunt around huge amounts of data between them without long waits. A California laboratory has been testing a new technology that promises to turn these scenarios into reality. It is called Wireless Gigabit - and the Santa Clara lab recently put so-called WiGig devices through their paces to check they were interoperable. The event was very successful. Participant companies were excited about their implementation of the WiGig specifications. It is another step along the road for the high-speed wireless standard which was created in May 2009.

The standard was put through its paces at a PlugFest event in the US. It operates in the unlicensed 60GHz spectrum band, which has little interference, meaning it can offer speeds far higher than traditional wi-fi - up to 7Gbps (gigabits per second). This is a revolution in communication. It offers tools that customers never had before. It is a game-changer in wireless and in a couple of years who knows how many new applications there will be for it. That promise has helped attract several high profile backers including Intel, Microsoft, Cisco and Nokia. The speeds offered by WiGig mean it can shift data in a way that wi-fi can only dream of. Wi-fi networks are very busy and over-crowded and cannot deal with bandwidth-heavy applications. However, there is has one major drawback. WiGig's range is limited to between 10 to 15 metres - a factor that may prevent it being crowned the next-generation wireless standard. Its much shorter range means it isn't so much a replacement for wi-fi as for cable.

Even so, the appeal of a cable-free future is obvious. People’s desire for fast data downloads has caused countless living room corners to resemble spaghetti wire junctions. As devices continue to swap more data, more often with a rising number of other products, there is a growing need for faster wireless transfers.

Interconnectivity of devices in the home will be the key to utilising the ever faster connections we can get because people want easy ways of getting HD video from their camcorder onto their TV, and also onto their tablets.

WiGig is not the only wireless standard offering high-speed data transfers between devices. Ultra-wideband is also designed to carry large amounts of bandwidth over short distances. But so far it has failed to catch on. There are no standards for it and the industry has not really adopted it. Meanwhile WiGig steams ahead. The adoption curve will be slower than for wi-fi because it will rely on a whole ecosystem, and that will take a while to put in place. At first we will see it in laptops and PCs and the peripherals that connect to them.