- •Аннотация
- •Содержание
- •Lexical material: What is economics?
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •Vast – обширный
- •Income - доход
- •Interest rate – процентная ставка
- •II. Answer the questions
- •III. Make up your own examples with the vocabulary given above
- •IV. Put all types of questions to the sentences
- •V. Agree or disagree with the following statements
- •VI. Say in your own words what each of the following outstanding people thought of economics and economists:
- •George Bernard Show
- •Alfred Marshall
- •Lionel Robbins grammar: Passive voice
- •Exercises
- •Exercise 8. Remake the sentences using Passive Voice like shown in the example: We often speak about him – He is often spoken about.
- •Additional study: Economics’ study
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •The resources necessary to satisfy the wants are limited.
- •VII. Complete the sentences
- •VIII. Read and translate the text and then answer the question: What do economics do?
- •IX. Write a composition called “The economics” using the information from the texts in this unit and your own point of view
- •X. Retell your composition unit 2 lexical material: The economy of Russia
- •Read and translate into Russian
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Answer the questions
- •III. Make up your own sentences with the vocabulary
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Agree or disagree with the following statements
- •VI. Prepare a report on the topic “Russia’s economics” using the text and some additional information
- •VII. Retell your report grammar: Past and Future Perfect
- •Exercises
- •Helen finished the work. Then she went out. Helen went out after she had finished her work.
- •Additional study: Macroeconomics, microeconomics
- •I. Read and translate the text Macroeconomics
- •Vocabulary
- •Individual households – индивидуальные хозяйства
- •Values – ценности
- •II. Answer the questions
- •Microeconomics
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Answer the questions
- •Difference between micro and macroeconomics
- •Tara and Nancy come to their economics’ teacher Mr. Williams for tutoring
- •IX. On the basis of the texts and dialogue in this unit prepare a retelling of the topic “Micro and macroeconomics” unit 3 lexical material: The economy of gb
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •Virtually – фактически
- •II. Make up your own examples with the vocabulary
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Using the information from the text prove the following
- •VI. Agree or disagree with the following statements:
- •VII. Retell the text grammar: Infinitive
- •Exercises
- •Additional study: usa’s economy
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Make up your own examples with the vocabulary
- •III. Answer the questions
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Using the information from the text prove the following
- •VI. Agree or disagree with the following statements:
- •VII. Retell the text unit 4 lexical material: Management functions
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •Vital - жизненный
- •II. Answer the questions
- •III. Make up your own examples with the vocabulary
- •IV. Complete the sentences
- •V. Agree or disagree with the statements
- •VI. Retell the text
- •VII. Read and translate the texts:
- •Grammar: Gerund
- •Active Voice
- •Indefinite — reading
- •Passive Voice
- •Indefinite — being read
- •Exercises
- •Additional study: Organization
- •I. Read and translate the text Organization
- •II. Answer the questions:
- •III. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •Inscription - надпись
- •Incompetence - некомпетентность
- •Unit 5 lexical material: Marketing
- •Marketing: evolution and purpose
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Answer the questions to the text written above
- •Strategic importance of marketing concept
- •Vocabulary
- •Internal – внутренний
- •Vocabulary
- •Income – доход, заработок
- •II. Make up your own examples with the vocabulary
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Impact of supply, demand, and elasticity
- •Vocabulary
- •Impact – воздействие, удар
- •II. Answer the questions
- •III. Make up your own examples with the vocabulary
- •IV. Put all types of questions to the sentence
- •V. Prove the statements
- •Exercises
- •Additional study: The Higher Purpose of Marketing
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Answer the questions to the text
- •III. Complete the sentences
- •IV. Read the text one more time and write down 5 – 7 sentences that show the whole point of the text.
- •Read, translate and play out the dialogue Lecture “Marketing”
- •Read and translate the following texts
- •Unit 6 lexical material: Advertising
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •II. Answer the questions to the text
- •III. Translate into English using the vocabulary
- •IV. Make up your own examples with the usage of the vocabulary
- •I reminded my brother to water the flowers but he didn’t do it!
- •V. Read and translate the dialogue The Interview
- •VI. Play out the dialogue between Mr. Banning and Miss Swanson grammar: Participle II
- •Exercises
- •I. Read and translate the text
- •II. Answer the questions
- •III. Choose what variant is right
- •IV. Read the text one more time and speak about descriptive and persuasive advertising
- •V. Read and translate the text The language of advertising
- •VI. Pick the right variant
- •VII. Unite into groups and make up your own advertisement.
- •VIII. Read the texts in this Unit one more time and prepare a report on the topic “Advertising”
- •IX. Retell your report список используемых материалов литература
- •Интернет источники
Vocabulary
to guess - полагать
key – ключевой, основной, ключ
target - цель, план
promotion - продвижение
objective – объективный, цель
to fulfill – выполнять, исполнять
to increase - повышать
to achieve - достигать
correct – правильный, верный
filing - систематизация
Income – доход, заработок
tax - налог
return – возврат
to return - возвращать
to determine – устанавливать, определять
to attract - привлекать
to deliver - поставлять
to concern – беспокоить, вовлекать
remuneration – вознаграждение
II. Make up your own examples with the vocabulary
***
I. Read and translate the text
Impact of supply, demand, and elasticity
The supply, demand, and elasticity have a direct impact on marketing decisions. The low demand may point to the necessity for better promotion of products and services simply because the consumers may turn out to know too little about the product, or be unaware of it at all.
There would be little wonder if our specific product is not in demand, even though our competitors sell the same one very successfully. In terms of marketing, demand should not be viewed as something static. Even as applied to fundamentally new products, it can be created through marketing decisions.
The idea of supply in marketing is especially important in terms of competition: if we fail to provide supply that meets demand, our competitors will do it for us fast enough to their own advantage. The idea of demand elasticity is also important in terms of marketing decisions. For example, inelastic demand for a product usually results from a lack of substitutes. For this reason, marketing decisions might be aimed at identifying or creating a new product or service to substitute for the one with inelastic demand.
Vocabulary
supply – запас, поставка, обеспечение, спрос
demand – требование, предложение
elasticity - эластичность
Impact – воздействие, удар
necessity - необходимость
to be unaware of – не подозревать об
wonder – изумление, удивление
competitor – соперник, конкурент
fundamentally - фундаментально
to fail – проваливать, подводить, отказывать
to provide - обеспечивать
advantage - преимущества
substitute – замена, запас
to be aimed – иметь цель
II. Answer the questions
-
What has a direct impact on marketing decisions?
-
Why may the low demand point to the necessity for better promotion of products?
-
What should not be viewed as something static?
-
What can be created through marketing decisions?
-
Where is the idea of supply especially important?
-
Where is the idea of demand elasticity important?
-
How marketing decisions might be aimed?
III. Make up your own examples with the vocabulary
IV. Put all types of questions to the sentence
The low demand may point to the necessity for better promotion.
V. Prove the statements
-
The supply, demand, and elasticity have a direct impact on marketing decisions.
-
The idea of supply in marketing is especially important in terms of competition.
-
The idea of demand elasticity is important in terms of marketing decisions.
GRAMMAR: Participle I
Причастие I — неличная форма глагола, которая имеет функции прилагательного и наречия, так же как и глагола. Причастие I соответствует формам причастия и деепричастия в русском языке. Как и глагол, Причастие I имеет форм перфекта и залога:
ACTIVE VOICE
Неперфектное translating, going
Перфектное having translated, having gone
PASSIVE VOICE
Неперфектное being translated,
Перфектное having been translated
Неперфектное причастие I действительного залога образуется от основы глагола при помощи суффикса – ing: translating, going;
Неперфектное причастие I страдательного залога образуется из причастия I вспомогательного глагола to be и причастия II: being translated;
Перфектное причастие I действительного залога образуется из причастия I вспомогательного глагола to have и причастия II: having translated, having gone;
Перфектное причастие I страдательного залога образуется из перфектного причастия I вспомогательного глагола to be и причастия II: having been translated.
В предложении причастие I употребляется в функции:
-
определения:
EXAMPLE: Running water is pure.
Проточная вода чистая.
EXAMPLE: The boy playing in the yard is my brother.
Мальчик, играющий во дворе, - мой брат.
Причастия в функции определения стоят до или после определяемого существительного и отвечают на вопрос какой? Причастия переводятся соответствующей формой русских причастий:
EXAMPLE: They were watching the moving particles.
Они наблюдали за движущимися частицами.
EXAMPLE: The room was lit by a burning candle.
Комната была освещена горевшей свечой.
EXAMPLE: The substance being investigated is first weighed. Исследуемое вещество сначала взвешивается.
-
обстоятельства:
EXAMPLE: Having run a long distance the sportsman was tired.
Пробежав длинную дистанцию, спортсмен устал.
While walking, I saw my brother.
Прогуливаясь, я увидел моего брата.
Обстоятельственные причастные обороты характеризуют сказуемое и отвечают на вопросы когда?, почему?, как? и т. д. Иногда причастные обстоятельственные обороты отделяются от главной части предложения запятой. Английские обстоятельственные причастные обороты переводятся на русский язык: 1) деепричастным оборотом, 2) группой отглагольного существительного с предлогом при, 3) обстоятельственным придаточным предложением.
EXAMPLE: Reading this book the student found out many interesting things.
Читая эту книгу, студент обнаружил много интересного.
Когда студент читал эту книгу, он обнаружил...
EXAMPLE: Being invited too late Morrison could not go to the conference.
Так как Моррисона пригласили слишком поздно, он не смог поехать на конференцию.
(Будучи приглашен слишком поздно, Моррисон не смог поехать...)