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Exercises

I. Answer the following questions:

1) What does hydrology deal with ? 2) How can you formulate the domain of hydrology ? 3) Is it possible to call hydrology an exact science ? 4) What are two main phases of the water cycle ? 5) What problems does hydrology help to solve ? 6) Do you know what subdivisions of hydrology are recognized? 7) Does geohydrology deal with subsurface waters or with lakes? 8) What subdivision of hydrology treats of the borderline problems between hydrology and meteorology ? 9) Snow and ice are studied by cryology, aren't they ? 10) How is hydrology interrelated with other sciences ?

II. Translate the following sentences , paying attention to:

a) As far as ... is concerned що стосується

1) As far as our future work is concerned , it'll be very interesting. 2) As far as the science of hydrology is concerned , it encompasses the behaviour of water. 3) As far as a hydrologist is concerned, he must solve problems relating to the regulation, control and utilization of water.

b) With respect to … відносно чогось, враховуючи

l) The information was given with respect to the new data. 2) The research is not considered to be accurate because it has been done with no respect to errors. 3) All measurements were done with respect to the instruction.

с) No matter незалежно від того, як би не

1) No matter how long it takes, you should make the experiment at least three times. 2) No matter how complicated, the world water problem will be solved. 3) No matter what improvements are made, it will not be possible to finish our experiment in time.

III. Complete the following sentences translating the words in brackets into English:

The oceans and seas (містять) about 97 % of the total amount of the (води землі) which is equal (приблизно) 340 cubic miles. About 1% of all the earth's water is in (твердому cтaнi) in the form of (cнігу та льоду). Fresh water in the (piкax, озерах) and pools constitutes only about 2% of the total (кількості) of water. Groundwater and water in the (у гірничих породах) is also mostly fresh. In the (верхньому) layer of the earth's (кора) there is moге water than all (інші) minerals taken together. Plants and animals are literally (повні) of water. There is over 70 % of water in the living human (тілі). About 0.5 % of the water is in the (атмосфері), (в основному) in the form of water vapour.

IV. Read, translate and title:

Water is a chemical compound of hydrogen and oxygen ; two atoms of the former are united with one of the latter to form one molecule of water, which union is expressed chemically by the symbol H20. It is a stable chemical compound and has many interesting properties but none need be mentioned here except its as a solvent. It can dissolve almost all substances in varying degrees, and for this reason pure water is practically never found in nature. Rain water approaches the pure state closely, but it contains small quantities of carbon dioxide and other gases as well as solids in the form of atmospheric dust, which it picks up its fall.

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