- •Передмова
- •I. Listen , read and learn:
- •II. Read, translate and learn the following words and expressions:
- •III. Read and translate the following words and expressions:
- •IV. Read and remember suffixes of:
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Translate these expressions and make up a story about yourself:
- •III. Give English equivalents:
- •I. Answer these questions:
- •II. Find the following expressions in the text and translate them:
- •III. Choose from a and в and made up your own sentences:
- •IV. Give English equivalents:
- •V. Read this story . Give the title to this text:
- •VI. Write the correct word in the blanks:
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Make up sentences using the word order of English sentences:
- •II. Make up interrogative sentences:
- •III. Write the article a(an), the if necessary in the blanks:
- •IV. Using 'this' or 'these' make up questions:
- •V. Write the correct form of possessive pronouns my, your, his, her, its, their , our :
- •VI. Change the possessive pronouns to the absolute form mine, yours, his, hers, ours,
- •VII. Use the correct form of reflexive pronouns:
- •VIII. Complete the dialogue using the following pronouns:
- •I. Read, translate and remember the following words and expressions:
- •II. Pay attention to the use of geographical names:
- •III. Read Text a and prove that the following is true:
- •IV. Remind the meaning of these words:
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the questions:
- •II. Find the sentences in Text a which have about the same meaning as the ones given below.
- •III. Complete the following sentences using the words given below:
- •Exercises
- •I. Make up sentences using the following tables, translate them:
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Write the plural of the following nouns:
- •II. A) Pay attention to the following nouns which are used only in singular. Make up your
- •III. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the noun:
- •IV. Make up word combinations using the words in brackets as attributes:
- •V. What is the difference between the following word combinations. Translate them:
- •V. Translate into English:
- •VII. A) Write positive or negative sentences using the verb "to be":
- •VIII. Use the verb " to be " in the necessary tense form:
- •IX. Pay attention to the translation of the verb "to be" in the following sentences:
- •X. A) Use “there is / are” construction in the necessary tense form:
- •XI. A) Put the verb "to have " in the correct form. Make the sentences negative and
- •Interrogative where necessary :
- •Interrogative forms it takes the auxiliary verb "to do ".
- •XII. Pay attention to the translation of the verb "to have" in the following sentences:
- •I. Read and memorize the following words and expressions:
- •II. Make up sentences:
- •III. Read and translate:
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Find in Text a the words which correspond to the following vocabulary definitions and
- •III. Choose the pairs of:
- •IV. Complete the following sentences:
- •V. Fill in the blanks with the necessary words:
- •VI. Translate into Ukrainian:
- •II. Ask questions:
- •III. Ask and answer:
- •IV. Complete the disjunctive questions and translate them:
- •V. Translate into: a) Ukrainian and b) English paying attention to the degrees of
- •VI. Open the brackets minding degrees of comparison:
- •VII. Read and translate:
- •VIII. Explain the meaning of the following proverbs. Give Ukrainian equivalents:
- •IX. Translate into Ukrainian, paying attention to impersonal sentences:
- •Exercises
- •V. Read and dramatize the dialogue:
- •VI. Choose the right variant:
- •VII. Suppose you are a guide. Speak about the most interesting places of London.
- •I. Read the geographical names and pay attention to the use of the definite article
- •2. Read and try to understand without a dictionary:
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the questions on Text a:
- •II. Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •II. Use the verbs in brackets in past Indefinite or Past Single Tense. Translate the sentences
- •Into Ukrainian:
- •III. Use the verbs in brackets in Future Simple tense and translate the sentences into
- •IV. Write the sentences from these words. Mind the use of Indefinite Tenses:
- •V. Translate into Ukrainian. All the sentences are passive:
- •VI. Write the sentences from the words in brackets. Sentences 1-5 are present, 6-10
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the questions:
- •II. Is it true or false ?
- •III. Read and try to understand without a dictionary:
- •I. Read and memorize the following words and expressions:
- •II. Make up sentences:
- •Exercises
- •I. Study the text carefully. Act as a guide of the group of tourists visiting
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Give English equivalents:
- •IV. Complete the following sentences:
- •V. Translate into Ukrainian:
- •IV. Speak of Odessa according to the plan:
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Read the dialogue paying attention to the use of Present, Past and Future Continuous
- •II. Put the verb into the correct form:
- •III. Write sentences saying :
- •IV. Put the verb into the correct form, Past Continuous or Past Indefinite:
- •V. Translate into English:
- •VI. Make the following sentences passive:
- •VII. Make up sentences using the table:
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Give the Ukrainian equivalents for the following :
- •III. Illustrative dialogues. Memorise these dialogues. Practise them in pairs. Make up
- •IV. Retell these funny stories:
- •I. Study the new words:
- •II. Form the adjectives from the following words:
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the questions on Text a:
- •II. Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •II. Read the situation and write sentences from the words in brackets. Use Past Perfect:
- •III. Answer the questions using the given words:
- •IV. A) Translate the sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the tense form of the
- •V. Choose the correct form of the verbs (Past Simple or Past Perfect). Translate into
- •VI. Transform the sentences from Active Voice into Passive Voice:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •I. Read and memorize the following words and expressions:
- •II. Read and translate:
- •III. Select the right vocabulary definitions to the following words:
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Complete the following sentences translating the words in the brackets into English:
- •III. Translate the words, characterizing climate, memorize them and say what climate is
- •IV. Before reading Text b find the answers to the following questions:
- •V. Read, translate and title:
- •VI. Read and say what you should do to protect yourself during a thunderstorm:
- •IV. Make the following sentences interrogative and negative: not forget to use "do", "did",
- •V. Change the following sentences into Past and Future:
- •VI. Translate into English paying attention to the modals and their equivalents:
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer these questions:
- •II. Read the dialogues and reproduce them in pairs:
- •III. Translate the following examples of weather forecasts into Ukrainian:
- •IV. Describe what the weather is typically like in our city (town):
- •V. Read the idioms or proverbs below and try to work out what they mean. Do you have
- •I. Read and memorize the following words and expressions:
- •II. Read and translate:
- •III. Select the right vocabulary definitions to the following words: air, Earth, water, sea,
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Translate the following sentences , paying attention to:
- •III. Complete the following sentences translating the words in brackets into English:
- •IV. Read, translate and title:
- •V. Fill in the blanks with the necessary words in the brackets. Translate into Ukrainian:
- •VI. Before reading Text в find the answers to the following questions:
- •VII. Translate without the dictionary and answer the question “Why is the hydrology
- •VIII. Translate into Ukrainian without a dictionary:
- •Grammar exercises
- •I. Translate the following sentences , paying attention to the predicate in the Passive Voice:
- •II. Translate the sentences, paying attention to the different meanings of the preposition
- •III. Rewrite the sentences changing where it is possible Active Voice into Passive Voice:
- •IV. Fill in the blanks with the given verbs in the Active or Passive Voice:
- •V. Translate into English:
- •VI. What Ukrainian sentences corresponds to English ?
- •VII. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the composite conjunctions:
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the composite prepositions:
- •Exercises
- •I. Find in Text с the sentences about:
- •II. Translate the following sentences , paying attention to the:
- •III. Fill in the blanks and translate the following sentences :
- •IV. Read and dramatize the following dialogue:
- •V. Speak about the hydrologic cycle using the following words and word-combinations:
- •I. Practice the pronunciation of the following words and word combinations.
- •II. Read and translate:
- •III. Find some derivatives from the following verbs and translate them:
- •Exercises
- •V. Give titles to every passage of text a.
- •VI. Retell the text according to the plan:
- •Assignments
- •II. Put the Infinitives in brackets into the right Tense according to the rules of the Sequense
- •III. Cору, underline the predicates and translate the sentences:
- •Exercises
- •I. Find the answers to the following questions:
- •II. Give the English equivalents for the following word combinations ( consult Text с ):
- •III. Choose the correct variant:
- •I. Practise the pronunciation of the following words. Memorize them:
- •II. Read, translate and learn the following word combinations:
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Give title to every passage of text a.
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Give titles to every passage of Text b.
- •Exercises
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Give titles to every passage of Text c. Lexico - Grammatical Exercises
- •I. Choose the best word to complete the sentences:
- •II. Eight verbs are missing from these lists. What are they? Put the verbs in the correct tense
- •Infinitive Past Indefinite Past Participle
- •III. A. Complete the sentences below. Choose a word or phrase from each column to put in the spaces:
- •Grammar Exercises
- •I. Decide if the speaker is talking about routine activities or activities going on at the moment
- •II. Decide whether the verbs refer to general activities or current projects. Put the verbs into the Present Indefinite or Present Continuous:
- •III. In the following exercise, decide whether these situations are permanent or temporary. Put the verbs into the Present Indefinite or Present Continuous.
- •IV. A. Irregular verbs. Write in the missing form of each of the irregular verbs below. Each verb can be used with the expressions on the right:
- •Indefinite Past Indefinite Expressions
- •V. Complete the following passage by putting the verb into the Past Indefinite:
- •VI. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous:
- •VII. Rewrite these sentences, using the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous:
- •VIII. In the dialogue, put the verbs into the Past Indefinite or the Present Perfect:
- •IX. Read the following letter. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Indefinite, Present Perfect, or Present Perfect Continuous:
- •XI. Make the following sentences past:
- •XII. Present, Past, Present Perfect: check. Write the verbs in the correct tense:
- •XIII. Put the verbs in brackets into the Future Indefinite or the Present Indefinite:
- •XV. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the future, using the Future Indefinite or
- •XVI. Look through the notes about the building of a new factory. Say what will be happening
- •XVII. Look at the information. Then put the verb into the right tense:
- •XVIII. Look at the results of an opinion poll asking voters which party they will support at
- •XX. The Future: check. Write the following sentences in the correct form (Present
- •XXI. A person who works in the Personnel Department is explaining how they select
- •XXII. Rewrite these sentences in the Passive. The subject of the active sentence can usually
- •XXIII. Rewrite these sentences using the Causative, changing some words if necessary:
- •XXIV. Indirect Speech. Use reporting verbs like replied, answered, stated, commented,
- •XXV. A. Read this account of a telephone call. Write the questions the customer asked.
- •Indirect questions and put them in the correct places in the conversation:
VIII. Complete the dialogue using the following pronouns:
|
something, anything, nothing, everything |
somebody, nobody, anybody, everybody |
|
|
|
|
I’m looking for … for my son. It’s his birthday next week. … is very expensive. Have you got … cheaper ? I’m sorry, sir. …’s cheap nowadays. |
I went to Norman and Damela’s wedding last night. … from the office was there. Oh, I love wedding. Did … cry ? No, … cried. What about reception ? Oh, it was very funny. … danced on the table. Who was it ? I don’t know. |
LESSON 2 UKRAINE
Grammar: Plural of nouns
Noun in function of attribute
The verbs "to be" , “to have”
Construction “There is, there are”
PRE-TEXT EXERCISES
I. Read, translate and remember the following words and expressions:
A self-contained, sovereign state independence, Supreme Council, community, to proclaim, border, boundary, mountainous, picturesque, branch of industry, power industry, national economy, natural resources, automation, electric welding, up-to-date equipment, science, scientist, discovery, invention, contribute, to be endowed, to be blessed with, educational establishment, nowadays, a keen interest, cultural, heritage, masterpiece.
II. Pay attention to the use of geographical names:
The Black Sea, the Carpathians, the Crimean Mountains, the Dnipro, the Desna, the Pacific Ocean, the USA, the United Kingdom, Europe, Russia, Moldova, Poland, Kiev, London , Khrestchatik.
III. Read Text a and prove that the following is true:
Ukraine is a richly endowed country.
Ukraine can satisfy its population with agricultural products.
The rivers and the sea ports play a great role in the life of the country.
Ukraine's potential is good for its harmonious development.
IV. Remind the meaning of these words:
Executive the official responsible for administering law on behalf of the government ;
Suffrage vote , expressing one's wish by voting ;
Ballot written or printed form with the names of candidates ;
Legislative body the branch of the government which issues laws ;
Single-chamber unicameral (parliament).
Text A UKRAINE
Ukraine is a self-contained , sovereign state. The Declaration of Ukrainian independence was proclaimed on August 24 , 1991 by the Ukrainian Parliament.
Ukraine has its own territory, higher and local bodies of state power ( the Supreme Council and local Councils), government, national emblem, state flag and anthem.
Our country is situated in the south–east of Europe. Its territory is 603.7 thousand sq. km and it stretches from the west to the east for 1.316 km and from the north to the south for 893 km. The geographical centre of Europe is located near the little Ukrainian town Rakhiv. Ukraine borders on Russia, Bielarus, Moldova, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania. Land boundaries are 4.558 km total. Being washed by the Black Sea and the sea of Azov in the south Ukraine has a coastline of 9.789 km. The major part of the Ukrainian area is flat and only 5% of it is mountainous. The Carpathian Mountains in the West and the Crimean Mountains in the south are extremely picturesque. The major rivers are the Dnipro, the Dniester, the Buh, the Desna and others.
Ukraine is a well developed industrial and agricultural country. It is richly endowed by nature, possessing such resources as coal, natural gas, iron ore, salt and other minerals. The country has a big metallurgical, machine-building, fuel and power base. One of the most important branches of national economy is the power industry. Besides, Ukraine produces planes, tractors, cars, up-to-date instruments and equipment. TV-sets, computers and synthetic diamonds.
Scientists of Ukraine enriched the world science with important discoveries and inventions. They contributed much to solving the main problems of automation of production processes and electric welding. Ukraine is blessed with potentially rich agro and forestry land resources. About 70% of the national territory is in agricultural use and some 55% is under cultivation , two-thirds of it on the famed "black soil" (chernozem).
The population of Ukraine is 48 mln people. It is the Motherland of representatives of more than 100 nationalities. It has a very rich and varied culture and history. There are a lot of higher educational establishments in Ukraine, many professional theatres, public libraries and state museums. Nowadays people of Ukraine display a keen interest in Ukrainian history and cultural heritage. Many masterpieces of Ukrainian culture have been revived.
Ukraine is a member of the United Nation Organization (UNO) and takes part in the work of many international organizations.
Text B THE political system
of ukraine
On the 24th of August 1991 Ukraine became an independent state. Nowadays Ukraine is a sovereign, independent, democratic, social, legal state. The powers of the government are divided into three branches: the executive, the legislative and the judicial.
The President of Ukraine is a Chief executive. He is elected by universal equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot for the term of 5 years and not more than for two successive terms. The executive power is exercised by the Cabinet of Minister of Ukraine. It is responsible to the President and is accountable to the Verkhovna Rada.
The Verkhovna Rada (the Supreme Council), the legislative body of state power, is a single-chamber parliament. The parliament provides seat for 450 deputies elected for the term of 4 years.
Justice in Ukraine is exercised entirely by courts. It is administered by the Constitutional Court and by courts of general jurisdiction. The Supreme Court of Ukraine is the highest juridical body of general jurisdiction.
It is a very important fact that the reform processes in Ukraine are of peaceful character and they are accompanied by creation of new political parties and public organizations totaling about 40. The largest of them are People’s Movement of Ukraine (“Rukh”), the Communist Party, the Socialist Party, the Peasant Party, the Democratic Party, the Republican Party, the Liberal Party.
Ukraine is a republic and administratively it consists of 24 regions and the Autonomous Republic of the Crimea.