VII. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the composite conjunctions:

1) As soon as all the calculations are completed, we'll begin the tests. 2) The physical properties of water as well as the chemical ones are of direct interest to the hydrologist. 3) As long as you apply old methods you will not be able to accomp­lish this experiment. 4) Both steam power station and hydrologic ones are built through our country. 5) Water which constitutes 70 % of the weight of human body is as necessary to a man as air and even more essential to his life than food. 6) The larger this area to be investigated the more difficult is the task. 7) Either this article or that one concerning wa­ter supply problems may be chosen by you. 8) In order that water my be used for drinking purposes it must be purificated. 9) Neither the designer nor the chief engineer could explain the cause of the accident.

VIII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the composite prepositions:

1) We could finish our experiment successfully thanks to the new equipment. 2) All the calculations were made by means of an electronic computer. 3) According to data there are more than 85 000 kinds of animal life in the sea. 4) Due to research of our scientists we know that only the planet Earth has seas and oceans. 5) In order to protect the surface from heat and cold it was covered with special substance. 6) The rivers of the British Isles cannot be navigable for ocean-going ships because of their insignificant size. 7) If the work were not organized properly, you would not achieve good results in spite of all modern equipment. 8) Such problems as regulation, control and utilization of water can be solved owing to the science of hydrology. 9) The expedition sailed as far as North America. 10) In addition to the usual methods of computation they made use of computers. 11) No plane took off that day on account of low clouds.

Text C HYDROLOGIC CYCLE

The hydrologic cycle is a concept which considers the processes of motion, loss and recharge of the earth's waters. The hydrologic cycle may be divided into three principal phases: a) precipitation, b) evaporation, and c) surface runoff and ground water. It is of interest to note that at some point there usually occurs : transportation of water, b) temporary storage and c) change of slate.

It should be recognized that the hydrologic cycle has no beginning or end, as water evaporates from the land, oceans and other water surfaces to become a part of the atmosphere.

Any natural exposed surface may be considered as a unit area on which the hydrologic cycle operates.

It may be considered that the hydrologic cycle begins with the water of the oceans. Water from the ocean surface is evaporated the atmosphere. This vapour is condensed by various processes and falls to the earth as precipitation. Some of this precipitation falls directly on the seas, and some falls on land surface. A portion of the precipitation fallen on the land is retained temporarily in the soil, in surface depressions and on vegetation and other objects until it is returned to the atmosphere by evaporation and transpiration. The remainder, moving by devious surface and underground channels to rivers, lakes, and eventually to the sea, is likewise subject to evaporation and transpiration throughout its travels. Actually all phases of the cycle are occuring simultaneously. On a world-wide basis the volumes of moisture involved in each phase of the cycle are relatively constant; but viewed in terms of a limited area, such as a small river basin, the quantities in any part of the cycle vary through wide limits.