9. Добавляя изученные суффиксы к приведенным ниже словам, образуйте все возможные существительные и глаголы (иногда при­дется немного изменить основу слов). Переведите полученные слова.

music, general, develop, art, decor, science, solve, hard, add, differ, memory, direct, inform, compute, technology

Unit 16

1. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания:

1. vehicle — транспортное средство

2. acute — острый, сильный

3. facilitate — облегчать

4. warning — предупреждающий, оповещающий

5. truck — грузовой автомобиль

6. van — фургон

7. station wagon — многоместный легковой автомобиль (с откидными сиденьями и задним откидным бортом)

2. Прочитайте тест и ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1. What is an ambulance?

2. How can an ambulance be distinguished from an ordinary vehicle?

3. What types of vehicles can be used for emergency ambulances?

Ambulance

Anambulance is a vehicle for trans­porting sick or injured people, to, from or between places of treatment for an illness or injury. The term ambulance comes from the Latin word ambulare, meaning to walk or move about which is a reference to early medical care where patients were moved by lifting or wheeling.

The word is most commonly associated with the land-based, emergency motor vehicles that admin­ister emergency care to those with acute illnesses or injuries, hereafter known as emergency ambulances. These are usu­ally fitted with flashing warning lights and sirens to facilitate their movement through traffic.

Other vehicles used as ambulances include trucks, vans, station wagons, buses, helicopters, fixed-wing aircraft, boats, and even hospital ships.

3. Изучите типы санитарного транс­порта, наиболее часто используемые в сша, и скажите, какие из них приме­няются в нашей стране.

• Van

• Car/SUV (sport utility vehicle)

• Motorcycle

• Bicycle

• All Terrain Vehicle (such as a "quad bike")

• Golf cart

• Helicopter

• Fixed-wing aircraft

• Boat

• Ship

4. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания:

1. to gain access — получать доступ

2. dispensation — освобождение от обязательства

3. traffic laws — правила дорожного движения

4. alert — предупреждать (об опасности и т. и.)

5. headlights — фара

6. impact — воздействие

7. rear view mirror = rear vision mirror — зеркало заднего вида

8. cross and crescent — крест и полумесяц

9. transmitter — (радио)передатчик

5. Прочитайте текст и сравните оповестительные сигналы, ис­пользуемые за рубежом и в России. Markings of Modern Ambulances

Emergency ambulances are required to gain access to patients as quickly as possible, and in many countries, are given dispensation from obeying certain traffic laws (for instance, they may be able to treat a red traffic light or stop sign as a yield ("give way") sign, or be permitted to break the speed limit. For these reasons, emergency ambulances arc often fitted with visual and/ or audible warnings to alert road users.

Visual warnings on an ambulance can be of two types — either passive or active.

The passive visual warnings are usu­ally part of the design of the vehicle, and involve the use of high contrast patterns.

Modern ambulances often carry retro-re­flective designs which reflect light from car headlights or torches. In addition some services now have the vehicles painted in a bright (sometimes fluorescent) yellow or orange for maximum visual im­pact.

Another passive marking form is the word ambulance spelled out in reverse on the front of the vehicle. This enables drivers of other vehicles to more easily identify an approaching ambulance in their rear view mirrors.

Ambulances may also carry an emblem, such as a Red Cross, Red Crescent or Star of Life.

The active visual warnings are usually in the form of flashing coloured lights.

These flash in order to attract the attention of other road users as the ambulance ap­proaches, or to provide warning to motorists approaching a stopped ambulance in a dangerous position on the road. Common colours for ambulance warning beacons are blue and red.

In addition to visual warnings, ambulances can be fitted with audible warnings, sometimes known as sirens, which can alert peo­ple and vehicles to the presence of an ambulance before they can be seen.

A more recent development is the use of the RDS (Radio Data System) — system of car radios, whereby the ambulance can be fit­ted with a short range FM transmitter, set to RDS code 31, which interrupts the radio of all cars within range, in the manner of a traffic broadcast, but in such a way that the user of the receiving radio is unable to opt out of the message.