Vocabulary:

hard-working – трудолюбивый

diligent – прилежный

to have a good sense of humor – иметь хорошее чувство юмора

to leave school – оканчивать школу

inclinations – склонности, увлечения

to change one’s mind – изменить мнение, решение.

to be fond of – нравиться, любить.

to enter – поступать (в учебное заведение)

to come true – осуществляться, исполняться

to take part in sth – принимать в чем-либо участие

to be keen on sth – нравиться

to achieve sth– достигать чего-либо

to get acquainted –знакомиться

to arrange – организовывать

Part III. Reading

Exercise 9: Before reading the text answer some questions:

1. What do you know about dentistry?

2. Give your own definition of the term “dentistry”.

3. When do you think dentistry appeared?

Exercise 10: Before reading the text explain some words: dentistry, diagnosis, treatment, teeth and gum disease, cavity.

Exercise 11: Study Active Vocabulary of the text “My future Specialty. Dentistry.” and read it:

My future specialty. Dentistry active vocabulary of the text

prevention	[ prɪˈvenʃən]	профилактика
treatment		лечение
maxillofacial	[mæksɪlo’feɪʃəl]	челюстно-лицевой
cosmetics	[kəs’meɪsɪs]	косметическая хирургия
crown	[kraʊn]	коронка
decayed	[dɪˈkeɪd]	разрушенный, испорченный
forceps	[ˈfɔːsɛps ]	щипцы
cavity	[‘kævɪtɪ]	полость
root canal	[ruːt kəˈnæl]	корневой канал
filling	[‘fɪlɪŋ]	пломба
bridge	[brɪdʒ]	мост
loose tooth	[luːs]	шатающийся зуб
jaw	[dʒɔː]	челюсть
dental auxiliary	[ɔːgˈzɪlɪərɪ]	помощник стоматолога
eruption	[ɪˈrʌpʃən]	прорезывание зубов

Dentistryis the study, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions of the oral cavity, especially the teeth, and to an extent related conditions in the maxillofacial (jaws and face) area. Dentistry can be considered a branch of medicine as a whole, although it is also concerned with cosmetics.

Dentistry is widely considered important for overall health. Dental treatment is carried out by the dental team, which often consists of a dentist and dental auxiliaries (dental assistants, dental hygienists, dental technicians, and dental therapists). Most dentists work in private practices (primary care), although some work in hospitals (secondary care), institutions (prisons, armed forces bases, etc.).

The history of dentistry is almost as ancient as the history of humanity and civilization, with the earliest evidence dating from 7000BC. It is thought that dental surgery was the first specialization from medicine. Ancient Greek scholars Hippocrates and Aristotle wrote about dentistry, including the eruption pattern of teeth, treating decayed teeth and gum disease, extracting teeth with forceps, and using wires to stabilize loose teeth and fractured jaws.

All dentists in the United States undergo at least three years of undergraduate studies, but nearly all complete a bachelors degree. This schooling is followed by four years of dental school to qualify as a "Doctor of Dental Surgery" (DDS) or "Doctor of Dental Medicine" (DMD). Dentists need to complete additional qualifications or continuing education to carry out more complex treatments such as sedation, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and dental implants.

By nature of their general training they can carry out the majority of dental treatments such as restorative (fillings, crowns, bridges), prosthetic (dentures), endodontic (root canal) therapy, periodontal (gum) therapy, and extraction of teeth, as well as performing examinations, radiographs (x-rays) and diagnosis. Dentists can also prescribe medications such as antibiotics, sedatives, and any other drugs used in patient management.

Dentists also encourage prevention of oral diseases through proper hygiene and regular, twice yearly, checkups for professional cleaning and evaluation. Conditions in the oral cavity may be indicative of systemic diseases such as osteoporosis, diabetes, or cancer.

Summary: Dentistry is the study, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions of the oral cavity. Specialists who study dentistry are called dentists.

Exercise 12: Answer the following questions:

1. What does dentistry study?

2. What does dentist team consist of?

3. Where can dentists work?

4. What can you tell us about the history of dentistry?

5. How long must dentists study?

6. What procedures and treatments can dentists do?

7. What can prescribe these specialists?

8. How often should we check up our teeth?

9. Which diseases can be caused by the conditions in the oral activity?

Exercise 13: Prepare your own report about the profession of a dentist.