- •Стадульская н.А., Антипова л.А.,
- •Введение
- •Unit 1. Becoming a dentist
- •Part I. Speaking and vocabulary
- •Student’s life
- •Part II. Conversation
- •Case 1:
- •Case 2:
- •About myself
- •Vocabulary:
- •Part III. Reading
- •My future specialty. Dentistry active vocabulary of the text
- •Part IV. Listening
- •Part V. Writing
- •Writing a Dental Curriculum Vitae (cv)
- •Example. Profile.
- •Основные этапы аннотированного перевода:
- •Dental education in russia and abroad
- •Part VII. Grammar
- •(Иметь)
- •Present simple active
- •Past simple active
- •Future simple active
- •Имя существительное (noun)
- •Артикль
- •Неопределенный артикль (Indefinite Article)
- •Определенный артикль (Definite Article)
- •Нулевой артикль (Zero Article)
- •Имя прилагательное (adjective)
- •Степени сравнения прилагательных
- •2. Многосложные
- •3. Исключения
- •Числительное (the numeral)
- •Part VIII. Project
- •Part IX. Test yourself
- •1. Put the verb into a right form:
- •2. Fill in the correct article.
- •3. Fill in the correct form of the verb “to be”.
- •3. Fill in the correct form of the verb “have”.
- •4. Translate the following words and phrases:
- •Unit 2. Major organ systems
- •Part I. Speaking and vocabulary
- •Breathing and the respiratory system
- •Part II. Conversation
- •Case 2:
- •Case 1:
- •Dialogue
- •Part III. Reading
- •How the body works? active vocabulary of the text
- •Part IV. Listening
- •Body Systems Rap
- •Part V. Writing
- •Образец делового письма
- •Part VI. Translation
- •Blood and the heart
- •Part VII. Grammar
- •Наречие (adverb)
- •II. Правила правописания
- •V. У некоторых наречий есть степени сравнения
- •Местоимения (pronouns)
- •Предлоги (prepositions)
- •Prepositions
- •1. Предлоги времени (prepositions of time):
- •Устойчивые словосочетания с предлогами времени:
- •2. Предлоги места (prepositions of place)
- •3. Предлоги направления (movement prepositions)
- •Continuous tenses active (времена группы continuous)
- •Present continuous active (настоящее длительное время)
- •Утвердительная форма
- •Past continuous active (прошедшее длительное время)
- •Утвердительная форма
- •Future continuous active (будущее длительное время)
- •Утвердительное предложение
- •Part VIII. Project
- •Part IX. Test yourself
- •1. Put the verb into the correct form, Present Continuous or Present Simple.
- •2. Put the verb into the correct form, Past Continuous or Past Simple.
- •3. Complete the sentences:
- •Unit 3. Human teeth
- •Part I. Speaking and vocabulary
- •Part II. Conversation
- •Case 2:
- •Case 1:
- •Dialogue
- •Part III. Reading
- •Exercise 9: Study Active Vocabulary of the text “Tooth Infection Signs And Symptoms” and read it: active vocabulary of the text
- •Tooth infection signs and symptoms
- •What type of dentist do I need?
- •Part IV. Listening
- •Exercise 12: Listen to the “Learn About the Teeth”
- •Part V. Writing
- •Part VI. Translation
- •Фирменные названия (brandnames / trademarks)
- •Branded and generic medicines
- •2. What is the main idea of the text?
- •Part VII. Grammar perfect active
- •The present perfect tense
- •Слова-спутники:
- •The past perfect tense
- •The future perfect tense
- •Способы словообразования в английском языке
- •Modal verbs
- •В группу модальных глаголов входят:
- •Part VIII. Project
- •Part IX. Test yourself
- •Unit 4. Dental care
- •Part I. Speaking and vocabulary
- •Label the Teeth
- •Types of dental fillings
- •Mercury-free dentistry
- •Part II. Conversation Useful phrases: Reservation. Conference.
- •Case 1:
- •Case 2:
- •Dialogue arrange a conference
- •Conference requirements
- •Part III. Reading
- •Basics of oral health active vocabulary of the text
- •Part IV. Listening
- •Black teeth
- •Part V. Writing
- •A contract
- •Four Common Types of Business contracts.
- •Never work without a business contract!
- •Contract of employment
- •Part VI. Translation Многозначность лексики, полисемия
- •Are bad teeth hereditary?
- •Part VII. Grammar
- •The passive voice
- •Types of questions
- •Impersonal sentences
- •Part VIII. Project
- •Part IX. Test yourself
- •1. Transform the following sentences into Passive Voice.
- •2. Correct mistakes
- •3. Continue following sentences and translate them:
- •3. Complete the sentences:
- •4. Fill in this Contract my english learning contract
- •Appendix Unit 1. Becoming a Dentist text 1. What's a typical workday like for a dentist?
- •Text 2. Top 9 dental problems
- •1. Bad Breath
- •2. Tooth Decay
- •Unit 2. Major Organ Systems text 1. Human digestive system
- •Text 2. Integumentary system organs
- •Integumentary System Functions
- •Unit 3. Human Teeth text 1. What is oral hygiene
- •The Risks of Poor Oral Hygiene
- •How Important is Good Oral Hygiene
- •Oral Hygiene Methods
- •Tooth Brushing
- •Teeth Flossing
- •Other Interdental Cleaning Tools
- •Mouthwash
- •Text 2. Antibiotics and gum disease
- •How antimicrobial treatment of gum disease works?
- •Types of antimicrobial treatment for gum disease
- •Antibacterial toothpaste
- •Periostat (Doxycycline)
- •Follow-up on antibiotic treatments of gum disease
- •Risks of antibiotic treatments of gum disease
- •Unit 4. Dental Care text 1. How to become a dental hygienist
- •Text 2. Mini dental implants vs. Traditional dental implants
- •Dentistry english
Unit 2. Major Organ Systems text 1. Human digestive system
Our body needs food to provide it with energy, vitamins, and minerals. However, in order use food, we must first break it down into substances that the various organs and cells in our body can use. This is the job of our digestive system.
The digestive system acts in stages to digest our food. Each stage is important and prepares the food for the next stage. The entire length of our digestive system is around 20 to 30 feet!
Here are the major stages of the digestive system:
1. Chewing - Chewing is the first stage of the digestive system. When you chew your food it breaks up big pieces into little pieces that are easier to digest and swallow. Also, your saliva is more than just water. It has special enzymes in it that start to break down starchy food (potatoes, bread) while you chew.
2. Swallowing - Swallowing may seem like a simple process to us. It just sort of happens. But food doesn't just fall down our throats into our stomach. First, our tongue helps to push food into the back of our throat. Then there are special throat muscles that force the food down into a long tube that leads to our stomach, called the esophagus. The food doesn’t just fall down the pipe, muscles push the food along until it gets to our stomach. At the same time all this is going on, a flap blocks off our windpipe making sure food doesn't go the wrong way. We call this "going down the wrong pipe" and it can make us choke. This flap is called the epiglottis and, fortunately for us, it works automatically.
3. Stomach - The next stage is the stomach. Food hangs out in the stomach for around four hours. While the food sits there, more enzymes go to work on it, breaking down things like proteins that our bodies can use. The stomach kills a lot of bad bacteria as well, so we don’t get sick.
4. Small Intestine - The first part of the small intestine works with juices from the liver and pancreas to continue to break down our food. The second part is where the food gets absorbed from the intestine and into our body through the blood.
5. Large Intestine - The last stage is the large intestine. Any food that the body doesn’t need or can’t use is sent to the large intestine and later leaves the body as waste.
The Liver and Pancreas
The liver and pancreas do a lot to help the digestive system along. Both work with the small intestine. The liver provides bile (stored in the gall bladder) that helps break up fat into smaller bits. The pancreas provides additional enzymes to help digest all sorts of food. The liver also processes the digested food from your blood before it gets sent to various places in your body to be used.
Text 2. Integumentary system organs
The integumentary system forms a protective barrier between the external environment and the inner tissues. Other than that, the integumentary system organs work together to provide insulation and help in excreting waste from the body.
Skin which is the largest organ of the body is also the principal organ of the integumentary system. Other than the skin, nails, hair, scales and feathers that are actually extensions of the skin are also sometimes studied as integumentary system organs. All these structures together provide protection to the inner tissues of the body. Other than protection, the organs have other functions as well. Let us know more about them in detail in the following paragraphs.