- •Introducing people
- •Phonetic Training
- •Training rhymes.
- •Grammar Revision The verbs “to be” and “to have”
- •Training exercises
- •Training exercises
- •English Noun
- •Training exercises
- •Introducing people
- •Training exercises
- •3. Listen to the songs, learn them by heart and sing.
- •Grammar Revision The structure of the English Sentence
- •Training exercises:
- •The plural of Nouns
- •Appearances and Traits of Character.
- •Vocabulary 1
- •Training exercises:
- •Vocabulary 2
- •Training exercises:
- •People’s appearance
- •Vocabulary 3
- •Training exercises:
- •The Brothers
- •Meet the Stewarts
- •Unit 3 Family Life and Relations
- •Phonetic Training
- •Grammar Revision The System of the English Verb
- •The System of the English Verb Forms
- •Training exercises:
- •Present Simple (Indefinite) and Present Continuous (Progressive)
- •Training exercises
- •Family Life and Relations
- •Vocabulary1:
- •Training exercises:
- •Words and expressions to be used in the translation:
- •Read the text and do the exercises after it: What Do Parents Owe Their Children?
- •Tasks to the Text
- •Read the text and fulfill the tasks after it: Work or Family: There’s a Problem
- •Tasks to the Text
- •Role Play: Family Problems
- •Grammar Revision Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous
- •Training exercises:
- •III. Occupations
- •Vocabulary 1.
- •Training exercises
- •Choosing an Occupation
- •Tasks to the Text
- •Vocabulary 2. Job Titles.
- •Training exercises.
- •Accountant
- •Acrobat
- •Administrative secretary
- •Airplane-flight attendant
- •Animal trainer
- •Appliance repairer
- •Auctioneer
- •Topics for discussion
- •My Bonny
- •Intonation of different types of questions in the English language.
- •II. Grammar Revision
- •Training exercises:
- •III. Home or House?
- •Vocabulary 1:
- •Training exercise:
- •Vocabulary 2:
- •Training exercises:
- •Vocabulary 3. The interior of the house:
- •Training exercises:
- •Vocabulary 4.
- •Training exercises:
- •Vocabulary 5.
- •Training exercises:
- •Buying a House
- •Tasks to the Text
- •Tasks for discussion
- •B. Living Standards (discussion)
- •1. Let’s have a talk about the living standards. The following questions will help you. While discussing the problem make use of the words and expressions given below.
- •C. Hospitality
- •1. The Russian people are considered to be very hospitable. What hospitability is? Are you a hospitable host?
- •Topics for discussion
- •Training exercises
- •Health and Wellness
- •Vocabulary 1.
- •Training exercises
- •A. Read the text and do the given tasks. Get acquainted with Henry!
- •Keeping fit
- •B. Read and translate the text. Be ready for a discussion. Health & wellness
- •Points for discussion.
- •3. Memorize the tongue-twister.
- •Grammar Revision Present Perfect and Past Simple
- •Training exercises:
- •Then and now
- •Education
- •Vocabulary 1:
- •Read and translate the text. There are 6 parts in it. While reading it match the heading to each part of it.
- •Tasks to the text:
- •Read the text and do exercises after it. Education in the usa
- •Tasks to the text:
- •Speak on Russian Education using the vocabulary and texts a and b. Here is a passage to help you. Add more details.
- •Read the text.
- •Imperial College. London
- •Read the text "Our Institute" and prepare to discuss it. Our institute
- •Vocabulary 2:
- •Training exercises
- •Topics for discussion:
- •II. Grammar Revision Future Tenses
- •Training exercises:
- •Degrees of comparison (adverbs and adjectives)
- •III. Why Do People Travel?
- •Vocabulary 1:
- •Training exercises:
- •Vocabulary 2: the best way of travelling
- •Training exercises:
- •A. Read the text and do the tasks after it. Different means of travel.
- •Tasks to the text:
- •Vocabulary 3:
- •Training exercises:
- •B. Read the text and expand on its contents. People and Diplomacy
- •Traveling Alone
- •Traveling With Someone
- •How to Meet People
- •Tourists, Travelers, and Local Culture
- •II. Grammar Revision a. Passive Voice.
- •Training Exercises
- •Training exercises.
- •Training exercise.
- •C. Употребление артиклей с географическими названиями.
- •Training Exercises
- •Ex 5. Replace the part of the model in bold type by the following:
- •Ex 6. Read Grammar Revision c and fill in the definite or indefinite article if necessary:
- •Ex 7. Fill in prepositions if necessary:
- •Ex 8. Put the adjectives in brackets in the required degree of comparison:
- •Ex 9. Answer the following questions:
- •A. Read the text and do the tasks after it.
- •Task 1. Read the statements and decide whether they are true or false.
- •Task 2. Prepare a talk on some other traits of the English character. B. Read the text and do the tasks after it.
- •Task 1. Read each statement and decide whether it is true or false.
- •Task 2. Match the information in column a with the corresponding information in column b.
- •Task 3. Say more about Americans. Share your experience of communicating with them if you have some..
- •II. Grammar Revision. A Reported Speech (Affirmative sentences and Statements)
- •1) Утвердительные предложения.
- •Training exercises:
- •2) Imperative Sentences (повелительные предложения)
- •Training exercise:
- •3) Вопросы в косвенной речи
- •Training exercises:
- •Training exercises:
- •Revision Exercises
- •III. Business Trip. Staying at a Hotel.
- •Vocabulary 1. At the Airport
- •Airport Formalities
- •Tasks to the Text:
- •At the airport
- •Tasks to the text:
- •Vocabulary 2. At the Customs
- •Immigration and customs
- •Tasks to the text:
- •Make up your own dialogues. Before you do it study the following ways of expressing modality.
- •1. Various ways of making a request & possible replies ranging from informal to very polite:
- •3. Ways of expressing gratitude & suitable replies.
- •4. Phrases used to asked for information, ranging from less formal to more formal:
- •Vocabulary 3. Staying at a hotel.
- •Training exercises.
- •At a Hotel The Grand Hotel "Europe"
- •Tasks to the text:
- •Topics for discussions
- •Appendix
- •I. Countries & Nationalities
- •II. “Traditions and Habits of American People”
- •Introductions (Episodes 1-3) characters:
- •Formulae of introduction
- •Family life (Episodes 1-3)
- •Proper names:
- •The blind date. (Episode 2)
- •Vocabulary:
- •Grandpa’s trunks. (Episode 3)
- •Vocabulary:
- •Vocabulary:
- •Proper names:
- •Home. (Episodes 11, 7)
- •Vocabulary:
- •Episode 11 proper names:
- •Episode 7 (man’s best friend)
- •Vocabulary:
- •Proper names:
- •Education (Episode 9 “it”s up to you”)
- •Vocabulary:
- •Going abroad. Accomodation. ( Episode 15)
- •Vocabulary:
- •Proper names:
- •Elections. (Episode 18)
- •Vocabulary:
- •American traditions. (Episode 19 “I do”)
- •Vocabulary:
- •Family life. (Episode 20 “quality time”)
- •Vocabulary:
- •Episode 20 proper names:
- •Vocabulary to episode 21 “a big fish in a little pond”
- •Proper names:
- •Vocabulary to episode 22 “career choices”
- •Proper names:
- •Literature
- •Contents
II. Grammar Revision a. Passive Voice.
Повторите структуру английского предложения (см. Unit II.) и сравните следующие модели:
A. S + Pr + Obj + Adv M
(Subject) (Predicate) (Object) (Adverbial
Modifier)
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
Doer Action Sufferer Circumstances
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
My father built this house in 1970.
В приведенном выше примере деятель (My father) выполняет действие (built) над объектом (this house). Это активный залог, который употребляется в том случае, когда подлежащее (S) в предложении обозначает деятеля, а дополнение (Obj) – объект действия.
B. S + Pr + Obj + Adv M
(Subject) (Predicate) (Object) (Adverbial
Modifier)
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
Sufferer Action Doer Circumstances
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
This house was built by my father in 1970.
В речи возникают такие ситуации, когда говорящему не важно, кем выполнено действие (деятель) или нет необходимости его упоминать.
На логическом уровне в предложении оказывается более важным само действие или обстоятельства, в которых оно совершалось. В приведенном выше примере логически выделяется информация о времени построения дома (in 1970).
Перемещение логической информации на обстоятельство времени приводит к смене формы сказуемого (was built). Это – пассивный или страдательный залог (Passive Voice), который употребляется, когда подлежащие в предложении (S) обозначает объект действия (Sufferer). Если нам все-таки необходимо указать кем действие выполнено, употребляется предлог “by” перед дополнением.
E.g. The house is old. It was built in 1930.
Two hundred people are employed by the company.
2. Из предыдущего пункта следует, что пассивный залог может употребляться только с переходными глаголами (transitive verbs), т.е. с глаголами, которые могут иметь прямое дополнение: to read smth., to see smb. or smth., to write smth., to clean smth., etc.
Формы пассивного глагола образуются следующим образом:
To be + V3, где to be - вспомогательный глагол, употребляемый в нужной форме (am, are, is, was, were, will be, shall be), V3 – третья форма основного глагола, т.е. причастие II.
Таблица форм глагола в пассивном залоге представлена ниже. Обратите внимание на тот факт, что все грамматические категории, характерные глаголу в активном залоге, имеют место и в пассивном залоге, т.е. глагол в пассивном залоге может обозначать простые, длительные или завершенные (совершенные ранее) действия в настоящем, прошедшем и будущем.
Passive Voice (to be + V3).
|
Simple |
Continuous |
Perfect |
Present |
Am cleaned Is Are written
|
Am being cleaned Is being Are being written
|
Have been cleaned Has been written
|
Past |
Was cleaned
Were written
|
Was being cleaned
Were being written
|
Had been cleaned, written |
Future |
Will be cleaned
Shall be written
|
___________________ |
Will have been cleaned
Shall have been written
|
Note 1. Форма Future Continuous заменяется в пассивном залоге формой Future Simple, а формы Future Perfect Continuous – формами Future Perfect.
E.g. When we move to a new district, the supermarket there will still be built
By that time it will have been built for 18 month.
Note 2. Некоторые глаголы (to give, to offer, to write, etc.) могут иметь два дополнения. В этом случае возможны два типа пассивных конструкций.
E.g. We gave the police some information. (Active Voice)
The police were given some information. (Passive Voice)
Some information was given to the police. (Passive Voice)
Выбор пассивной конструкции зависит от логического центра высказывания (см. Unit II). Логическое ударение падает на последнее слово в предложении. Перевод на русский язык будет различным.
The police were given the information. – Полиции предоставили информацию.
The information was given to the police. – Информацию передали в полицию.
Note 3. Вопросительные и отрицательные предложения в пассивном залоге образуются с помощью глагола “to be” (входящего в состав самой формы пассивного залога) по общим правилам образования вопросов.