2) Imperative Sentences (повелительные предложения)

Для передачи в косвенной речи просьбы, приказа используется инфинитив после глаголов “to tell“, “to ask” (просить), “to say”.

E.g. “Stay in bed for a few days” the doctor said to me. (Direct Speech)

The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days. (Reported Speech)

The doctor said to stay in bed for e few days.

“Don’t shout” I said to Jim. (Direct Speech)

I told (asked) Jim not to shout. (Reported Speech)

Training exercise:

Ex 1. The following sentences are direct speech.

Don't wait for me if I'm late. Will you marry me? Hurry up!

Can you open your bag, please?! Mind your own business.

Please slow down! Could you repeat what you said, please?

Don't worry, Sue. Do you think you could give me a hand, Tom?

Now choose one of these to complete each sentence below. Use reported speech.

1. Bill was taking a long time to get ready, so I told him to hurry up.

2. Sarah was driving too fast, so I asked _______________________

3. Sue was very pessimistic about the situation. I told _____________

4. I couldn't move the piano alone, so I _________________________

5. The customs officer looked at me suspiciously and ______________

6. I had difficulty understanding him, so I ________________________

7. I didn't want to delay Ann, so I _______________________________

8. John was very much in love with Mary, so he ____________________

9. He started asking me personal questions, so _____________________

3) Вопросы в косвенной речи

Общий вопрос (General Question).

Для передачи общего вопроса в косвенной речи, для связи главного предложения с придаточным используются союзы if или whether после глагола to ask.

E.g. He asked me; “Have you received my letter?”

He asked if I had received his letter.

He asked me: “Will you be there tomorrow?”

He asked if (whether) I would (should) be there the next day.

Специальный вопрос (Special Question).

При передачи специального вопроса в косвенной речи, вопросительное слово становится соединительным союзом между главным и придаточным предложениями. В придаточном предложении порядок слов меняется на прямой и соблюдается правило согласования времен.

E.g. She asked; “How long have you been working in your present job?”

She asked (me) how long I have been working in my present job?

She asked: “why did you apply for this job?”

She asked (me) why I had applied for this job?

Training exercises:

Ex 1. Make a new sentence from the question in brackets.

1. (Where has Tom gone?) Do you know where Tom had gone?

2. (Where is the post office?) Could you tell me where ___________

3. (What's the time?) I wonder ______________________________

4. (What does this word mean?) I want to know _________________

5. (What time did they leave?) Do you know ____________________

6. (Is Sue going out tonight?) I don't know _____________________

7. (Where does Carol live?) Have you any idea __________________

8. (Where did I park the car?) I can't remember __________________

9. (Is there a bank near here?) Can you tell me ___________________

10. (What do you want?) Tell me ______________________________

11. (Why didn't Kay come to the party?) I don't know_______________

12. (Do you have to pay to park here?) Do you know _______________

13. (Who is that woman?) I've no idea __________________________

14. (Did Ann receive my letter?) Do you know_______________

15. (How far is it to the airport?) Can you tell me __________________

Ex 2. You are making a phone call. You want to speak to Sue but she isn't there. Somebody else answers the phone. You want to know three things:

(1) Where has she gone? (2) When will she be back? and (3) Did she go out alone? Complete the conversation:

A: Do you know where ____________________________ (1)?

B: Sorry, I've got no idea.

A: Never mind. I don't suppose you know ______________________ (2).

B: No, I'm afraid not.

A: One more thing. Do you happen to know ______________________ (3)?

B: I'm afraid I didn't see her go out.

A: OK. Well, thank you anyway. Goodbye.

Ex 3. You have been away for a while and have just come back to your home town. You meet Gerry, a friend of yours. He asks you a lot of questions:

1. How are you?

2. Where have you been?

3. How long have you been back?

4. What are you doing now?

5. Where are you living?

6. Why do you come back?

7. Are you glad to be back?

8. Do you have any plans to go away again?

9. Can you lend me some money?

Now you tell another friend what Gerry asked you. Use reported speech.

He asked me how I was.

Ex 4. Rewrite the sentences beginning in the way shown.

1. 'Where are you going?' asked Tom. Tom asked (me) where I. was going.

2. 'Where are you going to spend the holiday?' asked Mike.

Mike asked ___________________________________________

3. 'What will you do when you leave school?' said Jennifer. Jennifer asked _____________

4. 'How did you know my name?' the nurse asked the doctor.

The nurse wanted to know _____________________________________

5 'Do you have an appointment?' said the clerk.

The clerk asked ______________________________________________

6. 'Have you seen my car keys?' said Bernard to his wife. Bernard wondered ________________________________

7. 'Why didn't Isobel phone me?' asked her brother.

Isobel's brother wanted to know ____________________________________

8. 'Will you carry my briefcase for me please, James?' said Richard. Richard asked ________________________

9. 'When can I see the doctor?' Charles asked the receptionist. Charles asked _____________________________

Note 4. Кроме глаголов to tell, to ask, to say косвенная речь может вводиться следующими глаголами: to remark, to answer, to reply, to add, to inform, to think, to inquire, to wonder, to interested to know, to want to know, to order, to request, to beg, to advise, to forbid, to allow, to suggest (that), to protest, to object, to exclaim, to complain, to thank, to agree, to admit, to say good bye.