1. Write the transcription of the words and train their pronunciation.

view vision through executive

term goal efforts decision

general guide organization board

function common employee

2. Work with the following groups of words. Define their part of speech and translate. Point out prefixes and suffixes. Memorize the words and use them in the sentences of your own.

1. To manage, manager, management, managerial.

2. To act, activity, action, active, actively.

3. To lead, leader, leading, leadership.

4. To accomplish, accomplishment, accomplished.

5. To employ, employer, employee, employment, unemployment, unemployed.

6. Responsible, irresponsible, responsibility.

7. To decide, decision, decisive, indecisive, decisively, decision-making, decision-maker.

8. To organize, organization, organizer, organizing, organizational.

9. To profit, profit, profitable, unprofitable, profitability, for-profit, nonprofit.

3. Translate the following nouns and write their plural form.

View, activity, skill, goal, employee, employer, responsibility, decision-maker.

4. Translate these sentences. Define the tense form of the predicate. Make up disjunctive questions and special questions to the underlined words.

1. Four general functions of managers are planning, organizing, leading and coordinating.

2. Management needs to focus more on leadership skills.

3. Managers are responsible for decision-making in organizations.

5. Answer the questions on the text.

1. What is the traditional interpretation of the term “management”?

2. How do you understand the phrase “Management is getting things done through others”?

3. What do some writers, teachers and practitioners say about the traditional view?

4. What other interpretations of the term “management” are given in the text?

5. What does the focus on leadership skills mean?

6. Does the focus on leadership skills mean a change in the management functions?

7. What may the term “management” mean to most employees?

8. What may the term “management” refer to in nonprofit organizations?

6. Fill in the gaps with the words from the box

coordinate, employees, managers, profitability, resources, efficiency

… decide what will be done, who will do it, when it will be done, and what … will be used. They train and hire new …, and they … their department’s activities with other departments. Managers are the heart of a company, the force that unites everything in the organization to ensure optimum … and … .

What is a Manager?

A number of different terms are often used instead of the term “manager”, including “director”, “administrator” and “president”. The term “manager” is used more frequently in profit-making organizations, while the others are used more widely in government and nonprofit organizations such as universities, hospitals and social work agencies.

So, whom do we call a “manager”?

In its broad meaning the term “manager” applies to the people who are responsible for making and carrying out decisions within a certain system. A personnel manager directly supervises people in an organization. Financial manager is a person who is responsible for finance. Sales manager is responsible for selling of goods. Marketing manager is responsible for promotion of product on the market.

Almost everything a manager does involves decision-making. When a problem exists a manager has to make a decision to solve it. In decision-making there is always uncertainty and risk.

Management is a variety of specific activities. Management is a function of planning, organizing, coordinating and directing and controlling. Any managerial system, at any managerial level, is characterized in terms of these general functions.

Managing is responsible and hard job. There is a lot to be done and relatively little time to do it. In all type of organizations managerial efficiency depends on manager’s direct personal relationships, hard work on a variety of activities and preference for active tasks.

The characteristics of management often vary according to national culture, which can determine how managers are trained, how they lead people and how they approach their jobs.

The amount of responsibility of any individual in a company depends on the position that he or she occupies in its hierarchy. Managers, for example, are responsible for leading the people directly under them, who are called subordinates. To do this successfully, they must use their authority, which is the right to take decisions and give orders. Managers often delegate authority. This means that employees at lower levels in the company hierarchy can use their initiative, i.e. make decisions without asking their manager.