8. Sum up what the text says about:

1. directors of private companies;

2. directors of public companies;

3. directors of limited liability companies, their assistants and deputies;

4. managers.

9. Sum up the text and discuss with your partner the roles of managers in an organization.

Ten Roles That Managers Perform in Organizations

Successful organizations are led by experienced and knowledgeable managers. These leaders develop, implement and maintain the organization's goals and objectives, and they lead their employees and motivate them to meet these goals. Although good managers may make the effort look easy, their responsibilities are mounting and endless.

Business Development

Business development is an essential responsibility in every organization. In most situations, high-level managers such as CEOs, CFOs and other executives are responsible for mapping out the activities of the business. However, managers of all levels are responsible for enforcing those decisions.

Staffing Manager

Staffing requirements are often the manager's responsibility. The manager has hands-on knowledge of the skills and experience that is required to fill the positions and screens and staffs his team for excellence.

Trainer

In addition to the hiring responsibilities, managers often train their staff to ensure that the required skills are developed in the intended manner. Knowledgeable managers are usually capable of addressing training questions and material and can provide hands-on answers and examples for clarification.

Project Manager

Managers are expected to develop, implement and lead projects as necessary. Managers must have the foresight and experience to bring forward the best in the people, redirect their staff's energy when necessary and motivate them toward the goal's completion.

Communicator

A manager must have strong communication skills. The manager should be able to clearly communicate even the most complicated information in spoken and written form, to people of all levels.

Counselor

Many times, managers must become counselors. Managers are the ones that staff members seek out when difficulties arise and a solution is needed. Regardless of whether the problems are business or personal issues, managers must know how to empathize and direct their staff to keep them focused on meeting company goals.

Influencer

Managers must be influential. They must be able to sway customers that their organization meets their requirements and provide authority over their staff. Managers should be strong-minded leaders who lead by example.

Evaluator

Leaders must be able to analyze situations, criteria and work habits to ensure the organization's quality standards are being met. In this, the manager must evaluate the information before them and determine if the information meets company standards.

Scheduler

The ability to schedule and meet deadlines is a driving force in a successful manager. The manager must be able to create schedules for the staff, suppliers and inventory while ensuring that the slots overlap effectively and efficiently.

Innovator

The most successful managers are innovators. They find new, more efficient ways for their departments and teams to complete their tasks. They also save their companies money on overhead and supplies, keeping their organization's finances healthy.

10. See the list of most popular jobs for business management majors. Work in pairs to make up a dialogue.

Methodology

Jobs ranked by popularity among graduates. Annual pay for Bachelors graduates without higher degrees from all colleges.

(From http://www.payscale.com)

Looking for a Job

When a company needs to recruit or employ new people, it may de­cide to advertise the job or position in the "NEED HELP" section of a newspaper. People who are interested can apply for the job by send­ing in a letter of application or covering letter (in the USA — cover letter) and a curriculum vitae or CV (in the USA — resume) contain­ing details of their education and experience.

A company may also ask candidates to complete a standard appli­cation form. The company's Human Resources department will then select the most suitable applications and prepare a shortlist of candi­dates or applicants, who are invited to attend an interview. Another way for a company to hire is by using the services of a recruitment agency, which provides a list of suitable candidates.

The CV (curriculum vitae) is presenting your education, skills and experience to the employer. CV demonstrates the suitability of an ap­plicant for the job. As well as providing an insight into previous qualifi­cations and experience, it should show the employer the skills and qual­ities the applicant has, that will match the position being applied for. In compiling CV the applicant has one objective only — to get an inter­view in order to get the job.

A CV must be accurate, interesting and up-to-date. It must be pre­sentable so that it makes the best impression possible and gets no­ticed. It should be relevant — targeted to the needs of each particular position.

In your CV you need to bring together details of your qualifica­tions, details of the job itself, details of the qualifications and skills re­quired, evidence from your personal profile that matches the employ­ers" criteria. This information will help you to prioritize the detail that should be included in your CV.

The CV must be accurate, brief and clear. Describe your skills and achievements as positively as possible. Applicants" skills and qualities that are most often sought by employers are listed below.

Communication is an ability to communicate orally, in writing or via computer communication system.

Team work means working well with others in order to achieve a common objective.

Leadership is a skill and quality of being able to motivate and en­courage others, being a leader.

Initiative is an ability to see opportunities and to set and achieve goals.

Problem solving is thinking things through in a logical way in order to determine key issues. Creative thinking is useful.

Flexibility and adaptability are abilities to handle changes and adapt to new situations.

Commitment means having energy and enthusiasm in pursuing projects.

Interpersonal skills are abilities to relate well to others and to es­tablish good working relationships.

Numeracy is competence and understanding of numerical data, statistics and graphs.

Additionally, employers like to see that applicants have some busi­ness awareness — having an insight into what is happening in industry or commerce and the impact this could have on the organization.