- •Unit I
- •Improve your pronunciation:
- •Passive structures and their message
- •Ambiguous Ved forms
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •Study and research
- •V1. Translate into Russian:
- •V2. Translate into English:
- •V3. Read and translate Text 1 about scientific research in Supplementary reading. Pick up words and expressions which can be of use for you.
- •II. Рассмотрим перевод некоторых грамматических конструкций, содержащих ing-формы.
- •Pure and applied science
- •Automation in the research process
- •Ambiguous combinations of Ving and n
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •Experimental work
- •V1. Translate into Russian.
- •V2 Translate into English.
- •V3. Read and translate Text 2 about empirical research in Supplementary Reading. Pick up the words and expressions which might be of use for you.
- •Improve your pronunciation:
- •The infinitive
- •Инфинитивные обороты
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •Showing and proving
- •V1. Translate into Russian:
- •V2. Translate the words in brackets. Then translate the sentences into Russian:
- •V3. Translate into English:
- •V4. Read and translate Text 3 about evaluation of research results in Supplementary reading. Pick up the words and expressions which might be of use for you.
- •V5 Write a piece of 5-7 sentences to characterize the process of evaluating the data that you have obtained in the course of your research. Use grammar structures and vocabulary studied. Unit 4
- •Improve your pronunciation:
- •Modal verbs and their equivalents
- •Summary chart of modals and similar expressions
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •Obtaining and analysing results
- •V1. Translate into English:
- •V2. Read and translate text 4 about analysis of research results in Supplementary Reading. Pick up the words and expressions which might be of use for you.
- •Conditionals without if
- •Sentences with as if, as though
- •Object clauses with subjunctive
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •Describing trends and tendencies
- •V1. There are a lot of verbs and nouns describing changes in size, number, price, value etc. Find the verbs that indicate an upward, downward or horizontal movement:
- •V2. Describe the rate and size of change observed:
- •V3. Complete the sentences with the prepositions: of, per, at, by, from…to.
- •V4. Translate into Russian:
- •V5. Read the example of a scatter graph description. Pick up words and expressions which might be of use for you.
- •V6. Write 5-7 sentences describing some trends in the field of your research. Unit 6
- •Improve your pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •Suffixes of the noun
- •The noun
- •2. Множественное число некоторых заимствованных из других языков существительных образуется по правилам этих языков:
- •3.Существительное в роли определителя: правило ряда
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •Comparing and contrasting
- •V1. Translate into Russian:
- •V2. Translate into English:
- •V3. Read and translate text 5 where fundamental science and experimental science are compared. Pick up the words and expressions which might be of use for you.
- •V4. Write an essay of 5-7 sentences comparing :
- •Improve your pronunciation:
- •Word building
- •Grammar слова-заместители
- •3) This, these:
- •Vocabulary
- •Emphasizing
- •Concluding
- •V1. Translate into Russian.
- •V2. Write an essay about your research work using all grammar structures and vocabulary studied. Unit 8
- •Improve your pronunciation:
- •Prepositions and conjunctions
- •Наиболее употребительные составные предлоги:
- •Наиболее употребительные составные союзы
- •Cлова, на которые следует обратить особое внимание
- •Vocabulary
- •Learn to use proper words
- •V1. Translate the sentences
- •V2. Make up a story about a scientist using idioms and expressions with the word “time”. You might start as follows:
- •To make and to do
- •V3. Complete the sentences with to make or to do in the proper form. Then translate them into Russian.
- •V4. Translate the sentences
- •V5. Continue the story about the scientist but this time try to use the verbs “to make” and “to do”. Unit 9 word building
- •Complex sentence
- •Vocabulary learn to deduce the meaning of english words:
- •Supplementary reading
- •Research
- •Empirical research
- •Evaluation and improvement
- •Aspects of validation
- •Analysis of research results
- •The process of data analysis
- •1. Data cleaning
- •2. Initial data analysis
- •3. Main data analysis
- •Fundamental science and applied science compared
- •Supplementary information most widespread abbreviations
- •Linking words and phrases
- •Table of mathematical symbols
- •Main sources of information
V1. Translate into Russian:
1. There is some evidence that food rich in vitamin A and vitamin C may give protection against cancer. 2. A study conducted at PetrSU contradicts the results of the Canadian study. 3. These laboratory tests prove that the scientists were right. 4. A recent survey by Sheffield University showed that 95% of patients were satisfied with the service they received. 5. It has been demonstrated that even low levels of lead can damage the central nervous system. 6. As can be seen in Table I, wages have risen at a lower rate than the rate of the inflation. 7. Recent archeological discoveries seem to support the idea that there was a settlement here in Roman times. 8. Her results were corroborated by two other experiments. 9. We know that some scientists have altered the findings of their research in order to validate their claims. 10. Recent research strongly suggests that high protein diets are actually bad for you. 11. These figures disproved Smith’s argument. 12. An international inspection will easily confirm or invalidate such reports. 13. Test results will indicate whether the device works efficiently. 14. The headline gave a false impression of what the article was about. 15. There is little evidence to support this explanation.
V2. Translate the words in brackets. Then translate the sentences into Russian:
1. Our investigation (предполагаeт) that two sets of the results seem to correlate. 2. The results of two experiments (противоречили) each other and the group couldn’t obtain (доказательство) of the hypothesis they had put forward. 3. The survey results seem (указывать) a connection between poor water quality and people’s health. 4. We cannot come to any conclusion until we (подтвердим ) all the data obtained. 5. At the presentation the scientist tried (продемонстрировать) the effectiveness of the proposed technique. 6. Our suggestion can be (доказано) by the following examples. 7. These results (приводят к выводу о том, что ) there should be greater carefulness in conducting the experiments. 8. The latest survey of higher education reform in Russia (обнаружило) that about 35% of universities are not ready to reform their curricula. 9. Recent data obtained by our team (делают недействительными, опровергают) the results of the previous experiments. 10. We need two or more sets of experiments (подтвердить, обосновать) our hypothesis before we present our results at the conference.
V3. Translate into English:
1. Результаты эксперимента подтверждают нашу первоначальную теорию. 2. Данное исследование делает недействительными результаты, опубликованные в последнем номере журнала. 3.Наши выводы были подтверждены обстоятельными исследованиями. 4. Мы можем доказать, что Вы не правы. 5. Новые результаты подтвердили то, что мы предполагали ранее. 6. По-видимому, последние результаты противоречат более ранним исследованиям. 7. Статья создает впечатление, что ее написали довольно поспешно, не собрав достаточного количества данные в поддержку предложенной гипотезы. 8. Новые данные, опубликованные в последних статьях этого автора, подкрепляют выдвинутую ранее теорию. 9. Недостаточное количество данных может привести к неправильным выводам 10. Некоторые ученые, как было показано в статье, просто придумывают (makeup) результаты своих экспериментов.