236. Read the following terminological combinations, Translate them from Russian.

facility of access - доступность воздуха raised panel - выпуклая панель capacity of boiler - емкость котла

236. Translate the following combinations.

computer facilities finish-floor surface raised access flooring limited capacity removable panels raised finish-floor surface

Read and translate the following article.

In offices and computer facilities, floors are frequently used for the distribution of electrical and communication wiring.

In computer rooms and offices supplied with a large number of elec­tronic machines raised access flooring is frequently used. Raised access flooring is a raised floor surface. It consists of small individually remov­able panels. Under these panels, wiring, ductwork, and other services may be installed. This type of flooring provides unlimited capacity for wiring, piping, and ductwork. The space below the flooring can serve for air distri­bution. Any changes in underfloor systems can be made quite easily. Con­ditioned air can be supplied to computer rooms through the space below the raised access flooring.

243. Translate fhe following questions and answer them.

1. What parts of buildings are frequently used for the distribution of elec­trical and communication wiring?

2. In what rooms and offices is raised access flooring frequently used?

3. What panels does a raised floor surface consist of?

4. What kinds of services may be installed under these panels?

5. What purposes can the space below the flooring serve?

6. Why can any changes in underfloored systems be easily made?

7. In what way can conditioned air be supplied to computer rooms?

Control Yourself

REVIEW OF UNITS 13-15

Choose Ihe correct variant.

1. External and internal constructions possess

1. the same functions

2. different functions

   1. The main function of interior walls is

3. dividing the space of the constructions

4. transmitting floor/roof loads to a foundation

   1. Interior walls and partitions usually have

5. simple surface

6. complex surface

   1. The framing materials of internal walls may be

7. steel or wood studs

8. concrete blocks

   1. Openings in fire walls

9. should be strictly restricted in size

10. may be of any size

    1. The fire separation wall

11. extends from foundation to roof

12. extends from floor to ceiling

    1. Shaft walls enclose

13. a one-storey open space \ _{[n b}

14. a multistorey open space ;

    1. Plywood siding materials are

15. relatively cheap

16. rather expensive

    1. Large sheets of plywood are

17. more slowly installed than the boards \

' • 11 • 4 и j *u *i l г of the same area,

33. more quickly installed than the boards /

    1. Plywood sidings

34. never decay

35. may decay

    1. If plywood sidings are made of decay-resistant materials

36. they must have the surface coverage

37. they can be left without the surface coverage

    1. In small buildings, wall and ceiling surfaces

38. are left uncovered

39. are covered with plaster or gypsum board

    1. Windows are produced

40. in factories only

41. both in shops and factories

    1. The area of glass in windows

42. may not be strictly determined

43. should be determined according to the regulations

    1. Openings in fire separation walls

44. are not restricted in size

45. are restricted in size

    1. In order to make a wall watertight

46. it is necessary to build walls very carefully

47. one should eliminate every hole or crack

    1. There exist

48. double-hung windows only

49. both single-hung and double-hung windows

    1. A system of special springs is used in a) single-hung windows

a) double-hung windows

2. Roof windows

1. are always fixed

2. may be fixed or openable

1. The properties of wood as a frame materia]

1. do not depend on changes of the weather

2. depend on changes of the weather: they shrink and swell

   1. Dark flooring materials

3. produce mirrorlike reflections

4. absorb light and darken a room

   1. Floors require

5. less cleaning and maintenance work ^ than other compo-

6. more cleaning and maintenance work / nents of a building.

   1. The design of the floors

7. is independent of the structural loads of the building frame

8. should depend on the structural loads of the building frame

   1. When making a poured-in-place floor

9. mastic is applied with a spray gun

10. mastic is poured on the floor from a mixer

    1. Parquet strips should be laid

11. in the direction of the light

12. in the direction of the movement of the people

    1. Modern stairways are produced

13. of various construction materials

14. of reinforced concrete only

    1. Stair length must include

15. not less than one rise

16. not less than two rises

    1. Raised access flooring consists of

17. small removable panels

18. large removable panels

    1. Wiring, ductwork, and other services are installed

19. above these panels

20. under these panels

30. Any changes in underiloor systems can be made

1. only with great difficulty

2. quite easily

What is the English for:

внешняя стена толстые стены

внутренняя стена тонкие стены

REVISION

OF GRAMMAR

"Small Words" • «Короткие слова»

Все слова в языке подразделяются на полнозначные и служеб­ные. К полнозначным относятся существительные, смысловые гла­голы, прилагательные, наречия, числительные. Служебные слова не обозначают конкретных предметов, действий, качеств. В предложе­ниях они связывают полнозначные слова и помогают обратить их в связную речь. К числу служебных (их называют и «короткие слова» - "small words") относятся артикли, предлоги, служебные и модаль­ные глаголы, их заменители, союзы, послелоги.

Английский язык науки и техники (в отличие оттак называемо­го «разговорного языка») не является языком «коротких слов». Боль­шое число нолнозначных слов в отраслевой литературе сложны по структуре и длинны. К примеру, distribution — распределение, redistri­bution — перераспределение, automatically — автоматически и др.

Знание определенного минимума полнозначных слов (терми­нов и слов общего значения) необходимо для полноценной работы с текстом поданной специальности. При этом, однако, твердое зна­ние служебных слов (а это, в основном, "small words") играет не ме­нее важную роль. Указывая на характер связи между словами, эти «короткие слова» (вместе с другими языковыми средствами) опре­деляют значение как словосочетания, так и предложения, а указы­вая на связь между предложениями - и всего текста.

Знание служебных слов и понимание их роли необходимы для грамотного осмысления английского текста. Не следует, выписав из словаря полнозначные слова, пытаться связывать их «по смыслу». Перевод следует осуществлять только с опорой на значения «корот­ких слов».