Key dates in science.

1326 Early guns were in use in Italy.

1451 Johann Gutenberg invented the printing press in Germany.

1500 The Italian artist and scientist Leonardo da Vinci designed many devices, including a type of helicopter.

1540 The first artificial limbs were made for wounded soldiers, by the French doctor Ambroise Pare.

1543 The Polish astronomer Copernicus published his theory that the planets revolve around the Sun, not the Earth.

1590 The microscope was invented in the Netherlands.

Lesson 6 Grammar. Часи групи Continuous Passive

Text 6 A. The Ukrainian Mathematician and the Ukrainian Patriot

Text 6 B. Yuri Kondratyuk and the Moon

Topic. Science in Ukraine

Відмінювання дієслова to tell в часах групи Continuous Passive

To be + being + PII (III форма дієслова)
Present Continuous Passive	Past Continuous Passive
I am being told He She is being told It We You are being told They	I was being told He She was being told It We You were being told They

Exercise. 1. Explain the usage of Continuous tenses. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:

1. New metro lines are being built now in Kyiv. 2. What is going on? – A new film is being discussed. 3. What grammar was being explained when you came in? 4. What questions were being discussed at that time? 5. New methods of research are being used in our lab. 6. Much is being done to improve laboratory methods. 7. Are they ready with the parcel? – No, it’s being packed. 8. Pavlov is at the hospital now. His son is being operated on. 9. Where is my luggage? – It is being registered. 10. I looked through some articles. The rest are being typed now.

Exercise 2. Find sentences with the verb-predicate in Continuous Passive, translate into Ukrainian.

1. Cambridge University was formed in the 12^th century. 2. The solution of ecological problems may be achieved only by joint efforts of all countries. 3. Great changes in people’s lives and work were brought about by the scientific and technological progress. 4. The theory of interaction of atmospheric and oceanic processes is being developed to determine the weather of the planet. 5. The teachers at Cambridge are called “dons” and “tutors”. 6. Computers and lasers are being widely introduced at plants and factories. 7. The most important ecological problems must be considered at the government level. 8. The training at Cambridge and Oxford is carried out by tutorial system. 9. Which grammar rules were explained at the last lesson? 10. Who is being examined now?

Exercise 3. Change Active voice into Passive one.

1. He is writing a letter at the moment. 2. John was preparing report all day yesterday. 3. We are learning grammar now. 4. At present mankind is making considerable investments to eliminate air pollution. 5. Today the changes in the global climate and water balance are bringing about serious changes in the environment. 6. Many scientists are constantly carrying out experimental work to solve the problem of environment protection. 7. The company is making plans for the future. 8. They are testing new equipment now. 9. Our University is paying much attention to physical training. 10. I am checking your examination tests now.

Exercise 4. Translate the sentences with Present Continuous Passive.

1.While a current is flowing through a wire, the latter is being heated. 2. New iron ore deposits are already being worked. 3. Various laser-based instruments for use in engineering, chemical and ship-building enterprises are now being produced commercially in Ukraine. 4. Automation is being increasingly used at our hydro-electric stations. 5. The house in front of our school is still being built. 6. Hurry up, you are being waited for. 7. You will not be allowed to enter the hall. The movie is being shown there. 8. The movie is being shot now. 9. Where is Ann? – She is still being examined. 10. Dinner is not ready, it is being prepared. 11. Are the letters being typed now?

Exercise 5. Translate the sentences with Past Continuous Passive.

1. The lecture was being delivered when I approached the lecture hall. 2. The play was being spoken of when the people were leaving the theatre. 3. When the bell rang, this question was still being discussed. 4. We couldn’t enter the room, as it was being cleaned. 5.The performance was long over, but the actors were still being applauded to. 6. At 12 o’clock the trucks were being loaded. 7. A new concert hall was being built in our street. 8. The clock was being repaired then. 9. The man was being looked at with great surprise.