- •Міністерство освіти і науки України
- •Lesson 1
- •Дієслово to be в Indefinite Active
- •Notes to the Text
- •British Universities
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Lutsk National Technical University
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 2
- •Ступені порівняння прикметників
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Sсience and Technological Progress in Modern Society
- •Notes to the Text
- •Text 2b Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- •Notes to the Text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •I am a Student
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 3
- •Відмінювання стандартного дієслова to work у Past Indefinite
- •Відмінювання нестандартного дієслова to write у Past Indefinite
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Is there an End of the Computer Race?
- •Notes to the Text
- •From the history of computer.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •English Language
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 4
- •Відмінювання дієслова to tell в часах групи Indefinite Passive
- •Vocabulary notes
- •The Internet
- •Notes to the Text
- •Programming Languages
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Music, Television, and Video Games as a Way of Spending Leisure Time
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 5
- •Відмінювання дієслова to work у Present Continuous Active
- •Відмінювання дієслова to work у Future Continuous Active
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Environmental Protection in Ukraine
- •Key dates in science.
- •Lesson 6 Grammar. Часи групи Continuous Passive
- •Відмінювання дієслова to tell в часах групи Continuous Passive
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Notes to the text
- •Yuri Kondratyuk and the Moon
- •Notes to the Text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Science in Ukraine
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 7
- •Відмінювання дієслова to write у часах групи Perfect Active
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Electricity
- •Notes to the Text.
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •The youth of America.
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 8
- •Відмінювання дієслова to tell в часах групи Perfect Passive
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Changes in Matter
- •The Science of Ice
- •Notes to the Text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •The Engineering Profession
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 9
- •Узгодження часів
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Television
- •Notes to the Text
- •Telegraph
- •Vocabulary notes
- •1. Mass media засоби масової інформації
- •Mass Media
- •Key dates in science.
- •Lesson 10.
- •Форми модальних дієслів
- •Еквіваленти модальних дієслів
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Made in Space
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Ukraine’s Economy
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 11
- •Форми дієприкметника теперішнього часу
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Transport for Tomorrow.
- •Notes to the Text
- •Text 11b How It Works.
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 12
- •Утворення форми дієприкметника минулого часу
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Time Travel and New Universes
- •Notes to the Text
- •The Role of Gravity
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Lesson 13
- •Форми інфінітиву
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Notes to the Text
- •Text 13b Optical Technology
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Developing the Telecommunications
- •Notes to the Text
- •Key dates in science.
- •Lesson 14
- •Форми герундія
- •Vocabulary notes
- •A New Era for Aircraft
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •The Economy of the usa
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 15.
- •Об’єктний інфінітивний комплекс
- •Суб’єктний інфінітивний комплекс
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Notes to the Text
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Industry of Great Britain
- •Key dates in science
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Descending to New Ocean Depths
- •Notes to the Text
- •Types of Submersible
- •Notes to the Text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Money in the Modern World
- •Key dates in science
- •Префіксів та суфіксів
- •Lesson 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
- •43018 Луцьк, вул. Львівська, 75
British Universities
Today there are 89 universities in Britain. Major universities in Great Britain include three in England (University of Cambridge, University of Oxford, and the University of London) and one in Scotland (the University of Edinburg). Many new universities and other institutions of higher education have been founded since World War II ended in 1945.
For seven hundred years Oxford and Cambridge universities dominated the British education.
Oxford university is a sort of federation of colleges. It has twenty-three ordinary colleges for men and five for women. All these are parallel and equal institutions, and none of them is connected with any particular field of study. No matter what subject a man proposes to study, he may study at any of the men’s colleges.
Colleges choose their own students. Students are chosen mainly by academic merit, but the policy of colleges in this respect varies from college to college. Some tend to be rather keen to admit a few men who are very good at rugby or some other sport, or sons of former students or of lords, or eminent citizens, or of millionaries.
Each college has a dining-hall and residential rooms. It is governed by its Fellows (commonly called “dons”), of whom there are usually about twenty or thirty. The dons are also responsible for teaching the students of the college through the tutorial system which is a system of individual tuition organized by the colleges. Each student goes to his tutor’s room once every week to read out an essay which he has written, and for an hour he and the tutor discuss the esssay.
The University prescribes syllabuses, arranges lectures, conducts examinations, and awards degrees. Any student may attend any university lecture. At the beginning of each term (there are three terms in the Oxford academic year) a list is published showing all the lectures being given during the term within each faculty, and every student can choose which lectures he will attend. Attendance at lectures is not compulsory, and no records of attendance are kept.
A person who has taken the lowest degree, a degree of bachelor, is called a graduate, while any graduate that continues his studies or research to receive a degree of master or doctor is called a postgraduate. A degree costs a lot of money.
About 90 percent of students get state grants to cover tuition fees and living costs. The size of the grant is determined by parents income. Since the late 1980s, however grants have been frozen; students can apply for a student loan. Tuition costs a lot of money. The students have to pay for taking examinations, for attending lectures, for borrowing books from the library, for hostel accomodation, etc.
Notes to the Text
Fellow – член ради коледжу
don – ( розм.) викладач ( в Кембріджі і Оксфорді)
tutorial system – університетська система навчання, коли студентів прикріпляють до певних консультантів
4. tutor – викладач (в англійських університетах)
5. college – вищий навчальний заклад, який може входити до складу університету, а також може існувати як самостійна одиниця (в інших університетах, крім Кембріджа і Оксфорда)
6. undergraduate – студент останнього курсу університету чи уні-верситетського коледжу
7. state grant – державна стипендія
8. tuition – навчання
9. tuition fee – плата за навчання
10. parents income – прибуток батьків
11. student loan – студентська позика
Exercise 19. Match the words (1-11) with their definition (a-k).
1. university a. instruction, teaching
college b. a person who has completed auniversity
degree course
don c. short piece of writing on a subject
syllabus d. part of a university
a postgraduate e. one of the periods of time into which university
year is divided
exam f. an arrangement of subjects for study
term g. money given by the state to a university to
support a student during his/her studies
tuition h. a teacher
essay i. an institution for teaching and learning
grant j. a person doing studies that are done at a university
after one has received one’s first degree
a graduate k. the act or process of testing students
Exercise 20. Find the English equivalents of the following in the text.
головні університети, інші заклади вищої освіти, звичайні коледжі, немає значення, зарахувати (до університету), бути відповідальним за … , зачитати перший начерк, складати програму курсу, присуджувати науковий ступінь, відвідувати лекції, реєстрація присутніх, одержати ступінь бакалавра наук, отримати науковий ступінь магістра, отримати державну стипендію, плата за навчання, прибуток батьків, звернутися за позикою
Exercise 21. Answer the following questions.
What are the major universities in Great Britain?
2. Where is Oxford located?
In which way do colleges choose their own students? What students’ merits are taken into account?
What is a “tutorial system”?
Is attendance at lectures compulsory?
What degrees can the students at Oxford be awarded? Does it cost much?
How are the students at Oxford called?
Why do the majority of the students come from rich families?
Would you like to study at Oxford? Why?