- •Міністерство освіти і науки України
- •Lesson 1
- •Дієслово to be в Indefinite Active
- •Notes to the Text
- •British Universities
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Lutsk National Technical University
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 2
- •Ступені порівняння прикметників
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Sсience and Technological Progress in Modern Society
- •Notes to the Text
- •Text 2b Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- •Notes to the Text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •I am a Student
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 3
- •Відмінювання стандартного дієслова to work у Past Indefinite
- •Відмінювання нестандартного дієслова to write у Past Indefinite
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Is there an End of the Computer Race?
- •Notes to the Text
- •From the history of computer.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •English Language
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 4
- •Відмінювання дієслова to tell в часах групи Indefinite Passive
- •Vocabulary notes
- •The Internet
- •Notes to the Text
- •Programming Languages
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Music, Television, and Video Games as a Way of Spending Leisure Time
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 5
- •Відмінювання дієслова to work у Present Continuous Active
- •Відмінювання дієслова to work у Future Continuous Active
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Environmental Protection in Ukraine
- •Key dates in science.
- •Lesson 6 Grammar. Часи групи Continuous Passive
- •Відмінювання дієслова to tell в часах групи Continuous Passive
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Notes to the text
- •Yuri Kondratyuk and the Moon
- •Notes to the Text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Science in Ukraine
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 7
- •Відмінювання дієслова to write у часах групи Perfect Active
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Electricity
- •Notes to the Text.
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •The youth of America.
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 8
- •Відмінювання дієслова to tell в часах групи Perfect Passive
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Changes in Matter
- •The Science of Ice
- •Notes to the Text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •The Engineering Profession
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 9
- •Узгодження часів
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Television
- •Notes to the Text
- •Telegraph
- •Vocabulary notes
- •1. Mass media засоби масової інформації
- •Mass Media
- •Key dates in science.
- •Lesson 10.
- •Форми модальних дієслів
- •Еквіваленти модальних дієслів
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Made in Space
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Ukraine’s Economy
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 11
- •Форми дієприкметника теперішнього часу
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Transport for Tomorrow.
- •Notes to the Text
- •Text 11b How It Works.
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 12
- •Утворення форми дієприкметника минулого часу
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Time Travel and New Universes
- •Notes to the Text
- •The Role of Gravity
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Lesson 13
- •Форми інфінітиву
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Notes to the Text
- •Text 13b Optical Technology
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Developing the Telecommunications
- •Notes to the Text
- •Key dates in science.
- •Lesson 14
- •Форми герундія
- •Vocabulary notes
- •A New Era for Aircraft
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •The Economy of the usa
- •Key dates in science
- •Lesson 15.
- •Об’єктний інфінітивний комплекс
- •Суб’єктний інфінітивний комплекс
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Notes to the Text
- •Notes to the text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Industry of Great Britain
- •Key dates in science
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Descending to New Ocean Depths
- •Notes to the Text
- •Types of Submersible
- •Notes to the Text
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Money in the Modern World
- •Key dates in science
- •Префіксів та суфіксів
- •Lesson 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
- •43018 Луцьк, вул. Львівська, 75
Vocabulary notes
Task I. Read and memorize the following words. Translate the sentences.
1. to influence – впливати. He can’t influence my decision.
2. to create – створювати. They creayed a new city in the desert.
3. to bind – зв’язувати. The problem is bound up with many others.
3. abundant – багатий (достаток), розкішний, величезний. We have abundant resources of wood.
4. to feed – нагодувати. I feed my dog on meat.
5. merely – тільки. I merely asked his name.
6. article – виріб. I am wearing several articles of clothing.
7. to expand – розширяти. Metals expand when heated.
8 . impact – вплив. Her new idea made a great impact in the office.
9 . mind – розум. She has a very quick mind.
10. enterprise – підприємство. Private enterprise is the basis of USA’s industry.
11 attempt – спроба. She failed in her attempt to pass exams.
12. previously – раніше. I hadn’t seen him previously.
13. to exist – існувати. The Roman Empire existed for several centuries.
14. precise – точний. Precise calculations are very important for the experiment.
15. to require – вимагати. The situation there requires my presence.
16. to separate – відділяти. Two towns are separated by the river.
17. to launch – запускати. The rocket was launched last month.
18. satellite – супутник. The signal came from satellite.
19. to land – висаджуватися. The plane landed safely.
20. long-term – довгостроковий. No one knows about firm’s long-term plans.
21. to conduct – проводити. She conducts her business very success-fully.
22. investigation – дослідження. He was engaged in investigation.
23. inconceivable – неймовірний. It seemed inconceivable that men should travel to the moon.
24. to witness – бути свідком. He witnessed the accident.
25. vehicle – транспортний засіб. Buses, tractors, bicycles are vehicles.
26. to remedy – вилікувати, виправити. 1) Your disease can be remedied. 2) This cannot remedy the situation.
27. annihilation – знищення. Annihilation of biological weapons is a big problem.
Task II. Read and translate the text.
Text 2A
Sсience and Technological Progress in Modern Society
From its early beginning in the sixteenth century the developments of science have influenced the course of western civilization more and more. And today it plays a most dominant role. We live in a world that materially and intellectually has been created by science.
One merely needs to mention the telephone, the radio, the television, the automobile, and the airplane, or any of the countless devices invented by the application of science. There is hardly an article used in the homes, in the places of work, or in the places of enjoyment that has not been modified by technology based on science. The means of communication that bind the continents into a single community depend on scientific know-how. Without modern sanitation it would be impossible to have large centres of population; without modern industry and agriculture, it would be impossible to feed, to clothe and to provide the “abundant life” to this large population.
There is, however, another part of the story .. It is a story of expanding intellectual horizon – the impact of science on the mind of a man. Fundamentally, science is an intellectual enterprise, an attempt to understand the world in a particular way.
Over the past 150 years the range of human knowledge has been doubled every 12 or 15 years. In 1930 man knew 4 times as much as he did in 1900; by 1960 his knowledge had grown sixteenfold, and by the year 2005 it can be expected to be a hundred times what it had been a century previously.
The second part of the twentieth century has brought a number of technical innovations which are still very young but which are taken so much for granted that it is as if they have always existed.
In the 50-ies of the last century hardly anyone would probably have believed that we should be able to sit at home and watch astronauts walking in space or that people could be kept alive by the heart of a dead man.
The transistor was not invented until 1948. This piece of electronic equipment found wide use in space technology, computers, transistor radios, medical instruments, television sets – in fact, wherever precise control and modulation of electrical signals was required, however, the invention of ICs (integrated circuits) in 1958 brought in a new era of change in the field so fundamental, that it already has the characteristics of a second industrial revolution.
A mere 12 years separated the launching of the satellite Sputnik I in 1957 and man’s first landing on the Moon in 1969. The first long-term orbital station Salyut launched in 1971 opened a new era in space research, providing the possibility of conducting investigations in the field of astrophysics, space technology, medicine, biology, etc. under conditions inconceivable on the earth. Another period of 10 years and in 1981 we could witness the launching of a typically new cosmic vehicle - the Shuttle. 2004 went into history as the year when the USA’s Mars vehicles “Spirit” and “Opportunity” landed this mysterious planet.
It is not difficult to continue with other examples but the point is clear. Events such as these are characteristic of the rate of technological development in the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. Science occupies a central position in modern society. It dominates man’s whole existence. Research and innovations in technology should improve society’s living and working conditions and remedy the negative effects of technical and social changes.
Recent developments of nuclear weapons, satellites, space platforms and intercontinental ballistic missiles have attracted public attention throughout the world. They make wars of annihilation possible and demand the necessity of coming an understanding with the other nations. It is not merely a matter of peace, but, poses the question of the very survival of the human race.