17. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What is the only way to get the underground oil? 2. When was well drilling mentioned for the first time? 3. How were the wells drilled then? 4. Which country should be credited with having drilled the first commercial oil well? 5. What is the cable tool system? 6. What advantages and disadvantages of cable tool drilling do you know? 7. What’s the difference between cable tool drilling and rotary method of drilling? 8. What variant of rotary drilling do you know? 9. Where is turbo-drilling applied?

18. Перескажите текст “Drilling” по следующему плану:

1. The appearance and development of well drilling technique.

2. Cable tool method of drilling.

3. Rotary method of drilling.

4. Turbo-drilling.

19. Прочтите текст: Superdeep Drilling

Our drillers have completed the stage of sinking a superdeep well. The drilling of a superdeep drilling well is of tremendous scientific interest because the majority of problems that interest researchers are still at the stage of hypothesis. It is very important to know the composition and physical state of interior spheres of the Earth, what physical and chemical transformations of matter are taking place there, or how these rocks move to cause the drift of continents and especially – the origin of the Earth.

Superdeep drilling is a very labour-consuming process. And all the more in arctic conditions. Each pipe coming to the drillers from the factory is subjected to electroscopic testing.

To reach the planned depth is a job so serious and so complex that the drillers must calculate literally every step. The geologists working on the superdeep well are using the latest methods of geological and geophysical research. They have obtained data which tend to change our concepts of the “lower storeys” of the Earth’s crust.

Запомните следующие синонимы:

oil (petroleum), underground (subsurface), discover (find), hole (bore-hole, well), raise (lift), drill (sink), tube (pipe).

Запомните следующие глаголы:

discover - открывать raise - поднимать

drill - бурить rotate - вращать

lower - опускать

Ознакомьтесь с терминами из текста:

superdeep - сверхглубокий cross-out - разрез

origin – происхождение rock sample - проба породы

sink - бурить deviate – отклоняться

hoist - поднимать electroscoping testing - электроскопические

исследования

Найдите утверждение, несоответствующeе тексту:

1. The drilling of a superdeep well is of tremendous scientific interest.

2. It is very important to know the composition and physical state of interior spheres of the Earth.

3. Superdeep drilling is not a labour – consuming process.

4. Drillers must calculate every step.

5. The geologists working on the superdeep well are using the latest methods of geological and geophysical research.