1. Grammar: Pronouns.

We use pronouns instead of nouns.

Pronouns fall under the following groups:

• Personal: I, he, she, it, we, you, they.

Personal pronouns have two cases.

• We do not have singular and plural forms of you. We can say “You are right” to someone we do not know at all or we know very well, to a child or to an adult.

• We use it for thing, to refer to animals, a baby of a child. We use he, she, who when we refer to pets, ships, cars, motorbikes, a country, if a reference is “affectionate”.

• Reflexive: myself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourself (yourselves), themselves.

We often use reflexive pronouns with the verbs: amuse, blame, cut, dry, enjoy, hurt, introduce.

We can use reflexive pronouns after prepositions.

• Demonstrative: this (these), that (those), such, the same.

Both this and that can be applied to persons or things.

The pronoun same is always used with the definite article.

• Interrogative: who, whose, what, which.

They are used to form special questions

Who refer to human beings, what is usually refers to things (it may be applied to people when inquiring about their occupation).

Which has a selective meaning. It may refer to persons or things.

Ex.5. Fill in the blanks with a personal pronouns.

1. I see a teacher. I see ... .

2. Please, read the letter, read ... .

3. I know the boy, I know ... .

4. I am glad to meet both Tom and Ann, I am glad to meet ... .

5. Give me the book, give ... to me.

6. I do not like Ann's brother, I do not like ... .

Ex.6. Insert a reflexive pronoun where necessary.

1. He shaves ... every day.

2. Go and wash .. .

3. She washed ... quickly and went to prepare breakfast.

4. He likes his wife to dress ... well.

5. Behave ... !

6. You can not behave ... .

7. The child fell and hurt ... badly.

Ex.7. Translate into English.

1. Мынау кімнің шалбары? – Ол менің шалбарым.

2. Мен сізге маңызды жаңалықтар әкелдім.

3. Біреу есік қақты.

4. Ол сіздің есіңізде ме? Ол қандай батыл адам еді.

5. Оның шашы керемет. Шашы ұзын әрі толқынды.

6. Кім бұл? – Ашыңыз, бұл мен.

7. Олар қандай керемет гүлдер еді.

8. Жеткілікті, жұмысты тоқтатуларыңа болады.

Ex.8. Translate into English.

1. Бұл адамды кім біледі?

2. Қайсың вазаны сындырған?

3. Олардың қайсысынан бұл нәрсе туралы сұрадыңыз?

4. Сіз кімді күтіп отырсыз?

5. Сіз сөздігіңізді кімге бердіңіз?

6. Мынау қандай түс?

7. Сіз қай қабатта тұрасыз?

8. Мына бойы ұзын адам кім?

Ex.9. Use the correct personal pronouns. Watch the words in brackets. Example: _often reads books. (Lisa)

Answer: She often reads books.

1) ……..is dreaming. (George)

2) ………is green. (the blackboard)

3) ……..are on the wall. (the posters)

4) ………is running. (the dog)

5) ………are watching TV. (my mother and I)

6) …………are in the garden. (the flowers)

7) ……..is riding his bike. (Tom)

8) ………is from Bristol. (Victoria)

9) ………has got a brother. (Diana)

10) Have ………..got a computer, Mandy?

Ex.10. Decide whether you need the reflexive (self) pronoun or not.

1) Last Monday I got up at six, then I ………….

2) She really …………well today.

3) Let's ……..at six tomorrow.

4) Last weekend Alex cooked dinner and ……………..

5) May I ……………..

6) You can ………….on the sofa if you wish.

7) Please ……….while doing your homework.

8) I was so shocked, I could hardly ………….

9) He often …………the trip to China.

10) We can't ……………..living without electricity.

Ex.11. Which pronoun can substitute the underlined phrase in the sentence?

1.The teacher always gives the students homework.

2.I am reading the book to my little sister.

3.The boys are riding their bikes.

4.My father is writing a letter to John.

5.I don't know the answer.

6.Sally is going to Anne.

7.Open the window, please.

8. Can you tell the people the way to the airport, please?

9.The books are for Peter.

10.Can you help my sister and me, please?