- •Колесник д. М., Куроченко ю. С.,
- •A word to the reader
- •Передмова
- •Introductory phonetic-orthoepic course
- •Introduction
- •Introductory text*
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. We use certain expressions in different social situations.
- •2. Fill in the blanks with the necessary words in brackets.
- •3. Complete the following sentences.
- •4. Translate into English.
- •5. Match the sentences with the correct photos. The first was done for you.
- •1. Address the following people.
- •2. Insert a suitable form of address.
- •3. Fill in prepositions or adverbs where necessary.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Complete the conversations with the correct expressions.
- •3. Make up your own dialogues with the following word combinations.
- •4. Translate the following dialogues into English.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •3. Match the story with the correct words.
- •4. Translate into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Find the logical order of the following dialogue parts.
- •3. Translate the anecdotes into English.
- •Horoscope Chart
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. Fill in the gaps with prepositions.
- •2. Complete the sentences with the suitable words. More than one answer is possible.
- •3. Complete the sentences with the correct words.
- •4. From these jumbled words, find combinations to describe people, as in the example. Some of the combinations are hyphenated. Use a dictionary if necessary.
- •1. You want to know about the following: someone’s general appearance / their height / their weight.
- •2. How would you describe a person in each of these cases?
- •3. Agree or disagree with the following statements.
- •4. Study the article and do the following activities.
- •Does Mother Nature Know Better?
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •3. Read the following dialogue. An Apartment to Let
- •4. Act as interpreter, translate Ukrainian lines into English. Examining an Apartment
- •1. Imagine you’ve just moved into a new flat, and for the first six months you can only have six of the following. Which would you choose?
- •2. Study the advertisements and find the following.
- •Introductory text
- •Everything about Time
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Choose the correct answer.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Tell what’s the time:
- •3. Read the following dialogues.
- •4. Complete the dialogue.
- •1. Can you complete these sentences with the correct number?
- •2. Read the poem and tell what happened to Solomon Grundy during a week.
- •4. Speak about yourself and your country completing these sentences.
- •5. Read the joke and say how you personally appreciate time.
- •Introductory text
- •Vocabualary practice
- •Identify weather conditions in these pictures.
- •2. What disaster is being described in each of these sentences?
- •1. Say the following in one word.
- •Seasonal Affective Disorder
- •Introductory text
- •Natural Destruction
- •Vocabualary practice
- •Bank, resources, global, tropical, acid, ozone, industrial, car exhaust
- •If we want to look after the environment, there are certain things we should and shouldn’t do. Complete these two lists in suitable ways.
- •Survive, extinct, green, countryside, endangered, fumes, pollution, farmland
- •Improving Zoos
- •It’s Getting Hotter
- •Rethink Rubbish
- •An Ant’s Eye View
- •Introductory text
- •Telegraph and Telephone
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •3. Find the synonyms to the following words.
- •4. Make the annotation of the text, completing the following sentences.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •People – the great communicators
- •1. Read the following dialogue.
- •2. Find the logical order of the following dialogue parts.
- •3. Fill the gaps in these phone conversations with suitable words or phrases.
- •1. Study the information and express your ideas.
- •Basic Cell Phone Etiquette
- •2. Add other advantages and disadvantages of using mobile phone from your own experience.
- •Modern means of communication
- •4. Read the article and tell if there should be adopted restrictions on cell phone use in our country.
- •5. What do you think about the following statement?
- •Internet Craze
- •Introductory text
- •Our Lives and Computer Technology
- •1. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •2. Complete the following sentences.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •1. Add another word, abbreviation, or part of a word, to complete common ‘computer’ words and phrases.
- •2. Can you remember what these symbols mean?
- •3. Complete the text with the words in the box.
- •4. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •5. Read, smile and find in the Internet similar computer jokes either in English or in Ukrainian.
- •1. Read the following dialogue. Hooking Up My Computer
- •2. Read the dialogue and fill in the missing words. The first letter of each missing word is given.
- •3. Computers have many applications in a great variety of fields.
- •4. Study the information and express your ideas on the topic. Computer Effects on Human Health
- •1. Read the text and do the following tasks.
- •Computer – a Miraculous Device
- •2. Study the article and answer the questions.
- •Do Computers Rule Our Lives?
- •3. In small groups, choose one of the areas in the diagram below and discuss what computers can do in this area.
- •4. Mini-project.
- •Help Box
- •Introductory text
- •Juvenile Crime
- •Decide whether the following statements about the text are true or false.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Perceptions of youth and adulthood
- •Break, hear, come, leave, go Teenage Party Ends in Tears
- •1. Read the following dialogue. The Generation Gap: Myth or Reality?
- •2. What is your opinion of the following statements? Agree or disagree.
- •4. Read the text and do the activities that follow. Coping With Stress
- •1. Read the text and express your ideas on the offered questions.
- •2. Study the information about youth subcultures and tell…
- •3. Write a paragraph to fit this newspaper headline. Give some details about the crime and the court case using topical vocabulary.
- •Introductory text
- •The Best Shopping Street in the World
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •3. Match up the shop (departments) with the appropriate goods. Give answers in the box.
- •4. Say the same in one word or a phrase.
- •5. Fill in the blank with the corresponding words.
- •6. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogue.
- •2. Find the logical order of the following dialogue parts.
- •3. Complete these lines from the conversations.
- •4. Explain clothing idioms and find equivalents in your native language. Use them in the sentences of your own.
- •5. Comparing shopping.
- •1. Read the text and check your ideas. Understanding the Information on the Label
- •2. Read the text and do the activities that follow. The best places to go shopping in the world, and how to pick up a bargain when you get there
- •4. Do the shopping crossword and check how easy it is.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Ukrainian Cuisine
- •Things go better with Coca-Cola
- •To make, to become, to grow, to eat, to open (2), to call, to prefer, to give, to buy History of the Hamburger
- •Introductory text
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Which symptoms indicate these diseases?
- •3. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words.
- •4. Match the words on the left to their definitions on the right.
- •5. What advice does the doctor give?
- •6. Translate the sentences into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Complete the following dialogue with the appropriate words from the box.
- •3. Below is step-to-step guide to artificial respiration. Put the jumbled sentences in the right order by numbering them (1 – 7). The Kiss of Life
- •4. Put the words into the gaps in the text.
- •5. Put the correct words from the table below in the above article.
- •6. Read the article; state whether the sentences given after it true (t) or false (f).
- •Chocolate is Good for Your Health
- •2. Study the article and discuss the following:
- •Cleopatra’s Eye Make-Up Had Health Benefits
- •3. Read the article about eating disorders and tell whether you agree / disagree with the following statements:
- •Introductory text
- •The Use of Leisure
- •Vocabualary practice
- •4. Organize these words and put them in the correct columns below.
- •Valuable, afford, traditional, weird, video arcades, rhythm
- •Music Festivals
- •American County Fairs
- •Introductory text
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. Match the words and word combinations from the left column with the definitions from the right column.
- •2. Find the ‘odd one out’. There may be more than one answer. Give your reasons.
- •3. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •4. Read the sayings of famous people about art and decide which definition appeals to you most. You may choose several sayings to complete your own definition.
- •5. Read the following dialogue and discuss the after-dialogue questions.
- •1. Read the lines of a comic vaudeville ‘Romantic Fools’ by Rich Orloff.
- •2. What word or phrase is being defined?
- •3. Fill in the blanks below with the words in the box.
- •Blockbusters
- •4. Study the inside structure of a theatre. Which seats are the most prestigious / convenient / cheap / expensive?
- •5. Write out music styles mentioned in the text. Think of other styles, give their definition or description.
- •6. Translate into English.
- •American Graffiti
- •What’s the Point?
- •In the town (Directions, Street Notices)
- •Introductory text
- •Car Driving and Traffic Regulations
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. Make up the words out of the given letters.
- •2. Find the topic-connected words among jumbled letters in the box.
- •3. Match the words or word combinations with their definitions.
- •4. Match the sign with the correct word below.
- •5. Choose a proper word from the box to complete the sentences.
- •School zone, pedestrian, one way, speed limit, yield, railroad tracks, left turn, u-turn, tollbooth, stop, enter, right turn, median, exit, speed limit
- •6. Translate into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Fill in the gaps of the text using the words in right-hand column.
- •3. You are at point X in the map. Follow the directions and write the name of the place next to each sentence.
- •1. Read the text and do the activities that follow. New York City Cab Driver
- •2. Read the text about the underground system in London, divide it into logical parts, entitle them. London Tube
- •Introductory text
- •Vocabualary practice
- •Carriage, resort, destination, arrival, cruise, brochure, cabin, platform
- •British Holidaymakers
- •Ellen Macarthur
- •A Safe Trip Abroad
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Complete the following sentences using the text information.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •3. Find the ‘odd one out’. There may be more than one answer. Give your reasons.
- •Advance, bunk beds, dormitory, double room, family room, key, reception, single room, twin room, vacancies
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •Bill, bottle, dessert, drinks, fish and chips, hungry, menu, non-smoker, order, table
- •3. Translate the following dialogues into English.
- •4. Translate into English.
- •5. Translate the words in brackets in the correct tense form. Real Personal Service
- •1. Read the text and find examples of historical hotels in your own country. Hotel History. Inn
- •2. What would you say in these situations?
- •3. Disagree with the statements avoiding simple negations.
- •4. Lest we forget how difficult it is to master the English language, consider these travel and hotel signs from around the world. Try to say them correctly.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Choose one suitable word underlined in each sentence.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. Match the words and word combinations from the left column with the definitions from the right column.
- •2. Choose the correct variant.
- •3. Choose the correct response out of two. If both responses are acceptable, choose the one that sounds more natural.
- •4. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •5. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •2. Read the text, putting the verbs in the proper tense form.
- •3. Work in pairs. Make up the dialogues on the following situations:
- •4. Guess what holidays (American, Ukrainian and British) are described in the following sentences. The answers are given below.
- •Halloween: Holiday of the Dead
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Complete the sentences.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •3. Choose the correct variant to complete the sentences.
- •4. Match the halves of the sentence.
- •5. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Translate these questions into English and answer them.
- •4. Put words in the correct order. Add some words if necessary. The City of Odesa
- •5. Render this text in English.
- •1. Read the text and do the tasks that follow.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •4. Paraphrase the parts of the sentences in bold type using words and word combinations from the text. Change the new sentences if it is required.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •3. Find the ‘odd one out’. There may be more than one answer. Give your reasons.
- •4. What do you think a good language learner does? Make up as many sentences as possible with the phrase given in the table.
- •5. Match the words and word combinations with their explanation.
- •6. Fill in the blanks with prepositions where required.
- •1. Read the following dialogue.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Decide which answer – a, b, c or d – best fits each space and read the story given below. Experience in Learning a Foreign Language
- •The English-Speaking World
- •Канадський варіант англійської мови.
- •How the Americans Speak English
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Choose the correct answer.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. There are 15 words in this word square that are connected with money. Find 14 more by looking across or down the word square.
- •3. What can you say in these situations? Complete the sentences but don’t use the underlined words and phrases.
- •4. Choose the most suitable word or phrase to complete each sentence.
- •5. Match the words and word combinations from the left column with the definitions from the right column.
- •6. Choose one suitable word underlined in each sentence.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Choose the most suitable response to each sentence (a-I) from the sentences (1-9).
- •3. Translate the sentences into English.
- •4. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •5. Read the conversations below and guess the meanings of the phrases in bold. Match them with the definitions after the dialogues.
- •1. Read the text and do the tasks given after it. Making a Million
- •2. Read and explain the following quotations.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and phrases.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Translate the words given in brackets.
- •3. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •4. Choose the correct word in each sentence.
- •5. Choose the correct option.
- •6. Translate the following sentences.
- •4. Read the dialogues.
- •5. What would you say if you took part in these dialogues?
- •6. Translate the dialogues into English.
- •1. Study the following information carefully and give answers to the questions.
- •3. Read the sample of application form. What is the difference between application form and resume? Try to fill in the following:
- •Family relations
- •Appearance and Character
- •Dwelling and its Types
- •Time and Dates
- •Natural Phenomena in Weather and Seasons
- •Global Environmental Problems
- •Modern Means of Communication
- •Computer in Our Life
- •Youth Problems
- •Shops and Shopping
- •Food and Meals
- •Leisure Time
- •In the town
- •Traveling and Going through Customs
- •Home and Foreign Holidays and Traditions
- •Ukraine
- •English-speaking countries
- •Money, Currency, Finance
- •Job Hunting
- •Interrogative Pronouns (Питальні займенники)
- •Indefinite Pronouns (Неозначені займенники)
- •Verb. Auxiliary Verbs to be, to have, to do
- •Indefinite Group of Tenses
- •To VII (ed) / to be – was, were
- •Infinitive
- •1. Insert articles a / an, the where possible.
- •2. Complete the sentences using a / an, the where necessary.
- •3. Supply a / an, the where possible.
- •4. Choose the correct answer, pay attention on the usage of a definite article.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •Food fit for a king!
- •1. Make the following nouns plural.
- •2.Choose the correct verb is / are. Mind the noun (singular or plural).
- •3. Make selected nouns plural. Don’t forget to make other changes in the sentences.
- •4. Choose the correct word in brackets.
- •5. Choose the correct form of the compound noun.
- •6. Write selected nouns singular. Make changes in the sentence where necessary.
- •7. Correct the mistakes in these sentences.
- •8. Rewrite these sentences using ‘s, s’, or just an apostrophe (‘).
- •9. Translate into English.
- •10*. Supply the correct plural forms.
- •2. Fill in the missing words into the gaps. Mind the first two words in each task.
- •4. Complete the sentences.
- •5. Decide which one is right. If wrong correct it.
- •6. Rewrite the sentences using the italicized words.
- •7. Supply as…as, not so…as, less.
- •8. Read the conversation with Todd. He compares the places he visited last year. Can you complete any of the sentences?
- •9. Translate into English.
- •10*. Put in the right forms. Alternatives are possible.
- •1. Use the correct personal pronouns. Watch the words in brackets. Model: ___ often reads books. (Lisa) – She often reads books.
- •2. Put in my / our / your / his / her / their / its.
- •3. Choose the right word.
- •4. Put in the relative pronouns who, which or whose where necessary. Model: Peter is the boy ____ rides the blue bike. – Peter is the boy who rides the blue bike.
- •5. Supply anybody / anyone, nothing, anything, nobody / no one, somebody / someone or something in these sentences.
- •6. Translate into English.
- •7*. Put in reflexive pronouns (ourselves, etc.) or object pronouns (us, etc.). Keep smiling
- •Verbs to be, to have, to do
- •1. Put in the following forms of to be (am, are, is) into the gaps in the text.
- •2. Supply am, is, are, was, were or weren’t.
- •3. Decide which tense / number of the expression there is / are fits in the sentence below.
- •5. Look at the underlined forms of have, has or had in the following sentences. Decide whether these verbs are auxiliary verbs or main verbs.
- •6. Complete the following sentences by using the right form of to have (have, has, had).
- •7. Define the meaning of the verb “to do” in the following sentences.
- •8. Complete the following sentences by using the right form of to do (do, don’t, does, doesn’t, did, didn’t, done).
- •Indefinite group
- •1. Replace the infinitive in brackets by the Present Indefinite Tense (I do).
- •2. Choose the correct verb in each sentence.
- •4. Put the words in these questions in correct order. Then, write short answers.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •1. Complete these sentences. Use the verbs from the box in Past Indefinite.
- •Clean, die, enjoy, finish, happen, live, open, play, rain, smoke, start, stay, want, watch
- •2. Supply the past forms of the irregular verbs in italics.
- •5. Correct the following sentences.
- •1. Put the following sentences in the Future Indefinite Tense.
- •2. Insert the missing conjunctions in the following sentences. Use conjunctions: when, till, before, after, as soon as, while, if.
- •4. Complete the sentences. Use I think I’ll … or I don’t think I’ll and one of the following verbs: buy, go, have, play.
- •6. Translate into English.
- •7. Put down five types of questions to the following sentences.
- •1. Open the brackets using Present Continuous (I’m doing).
- •2. Translate the words given in brackets using Present Continuous.
- •3. Use the verbs given in brackets in Present Indefinite (I do) / Present Continuous (I’m doing).
- •4. Complete the sentences with Present Indefinite (I do) / Present Continuous (I’m doing) forms of the following verbs.
- •Belong, need, see, take, bite, play, shine, understand, drive, prefer, sing, watch, look, rain, snow, write
- •1. Use Past Continuous (I was doing) in the sentences below.
- •2. Complete the sentences in a choosing the most suitable phrase from b.
- •3. Make sentences from the words in brackets. Put the verbs into correct form: Past Indefinite (I did) / Past Continuous (I was doing).
- •4. Complete the sentences using Past Continuous of the verbs in the box.
- •Answer, begin, climb, count, drive, eat, look, melt, sign, stand, walk
- •5. Thanslate the following sentences.
- •6*. Put in Past Indefinite (I did) / Past Continuous (I was doing). Note where both forms are possible.
- •1. Open the brackets using Future Continuous (I will be doing).
- •2. Supply Future Indefinite (I will do) / Future Continuous (I will be doing).
- •3. Use Past Continuous (I was doing) / Future Continuous (I will be doing) in the following sentences.
- •4. Translate the following sentences.
- •To break, to buy, to finish, to do, to go (2), to lose, to paint, to read, to take
- •6*. Put in the correct forms of have / have got.
- •2. Join these pairs of sentences, using the conjunctions in brackets. Change one verb into the Past Perfect (I had done).
- •3. Supply the Past Perfect (I had done) / Past Simple (I did).
- •4. Open the brackets using the verbs in Past Simple (I did) / Past Continuous (I was doing) / Past Perfect (I had done)
- •5. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •6. Make up five types of questions to the following sentences.
- •7*. Open the brackets using Past Simple (I did) / Past Perfect (I had done) a Happy Patient
- •3. Using the words in brackets, complete the text below with the Future Simple (I will do) / Future Perfect (I will have done)
- •4. First, read Jack’s itinerary for tomorrow. Then, for each sentence, choose either Future Continuous (I will be doing) or Future Perfect (I will have done) to complete it.
- •5*. Put in the Future Simple (I will do) / Future Continuous (I will be doing) / Future Perfect (I will have done). Flying Junk
- •Insert ‘have’ / ‘has’ according to the person given.
- •8*. Put in the Present Perfect (I have done) / Present Perfect Continuous (I have been doing) / Past Simple (I did). The Australian Salute
- •5*. Put in the Past Perfect (I had done) / Past Perfect Continuous (I had been doing) / Past Simple (I did). Give alternatives where possible. Cooking the Books?
- •1. Write passive sentences in Present, Past, Future Simple.
- •2. Rewrite the sentences in Passive Voice.
- •3. Rewrite the sentences in the proper tenses in Passive.
- •4. Put the verbs in brackets into Past Indefinite or Past Continuous Passive.
- •5. When were these famous people born? Choose the right year for each person.
- •6. Complete the sentences using being with one of these verbs: keep, pay, attack, give, invite, use, ask
- •7. Give the following sentences in Passive Voice.
- •8. Rewrite the sentences in Active Voice.
- •9. Translate into English using the verbs in Passive.
- •10*. Put in the correct forms, active or passive, of the verbs in brackets. How the other half lives
- •1. Choose the correct word from those in brackets to fill the blank in each sentence.
- •2. Fill in the table reporting the statements with said (except 13) moving the clauses ‘one tense back’.
- •3. Turn each direct-speech statements into indirect speech with tense changes. Just what the doctor ordered!
- •4. Report these Yes / No questions moving the clauses ‘one tense back’.
- •5. Report these special questions moving the clauses ‘one tense back’.
- •6. Report these subject-questions moving the clauses ‘one tense back’ only where necessary.
- •7. Report the following statements using indirect commands.
- •I told him to wait for me.
- •8. Renew direct speech in the following sentences.
- •9. Translate the sentences following the rules of Sequence of Tenses.
- •10*. Put in the correct forms and tenses into the gaps. Burning the candles at both ends
- •1. Supply the correct forms of the missing verbs.
- •2. Change these sentences to begin with an imperative.
- •3. Write Type 2 Conditionals to match these situations.
- •If I had a spare ticket, I could / would take you to the concert.
- •4. Write sentences with I wish…
- •5. Comment on the following situations with if (expressing regret, etc.).
- •If John hadn’t eaten too / so much birthday cake, he wouldn’t have been sick.
- •6. Use Mixed Conditionals in these sentences.
- •7. Open brackets using Zero Conditional.
- •8. Translate into English using Conditionals.
- •9*. Put in the right Conditionals. The secret of a long life
- •Infinitive
- •1. Translate and memorize the following expressions.
- •2. State the form and the function of the Infinitive. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •3. Use the appropriate form of the Infinitive.
- •4. Insert to where necessary.
- •5. Combine each of the following parts of sentences into one sentence using an Infinitive.
- •6. Complete the following sentences by adding the Infinitive to each sentence.
- •7. Insert the correct forms of the verbs given in brackets after ‘would rather’ and ‘would sooner’.
- •8. Translate the sentences into English using the Infinitive.
- •9*. Put in the correct forms of the verbs. One Cube or Two?
- •Insert to where necessary.
- •1. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian, paying special attention to the use of the Complex Object.
- •2. Insert to where necessary.
- •3. Replace the following complex sentences or groups of sentences by simple sentences with the Complex Object.
- •I saw him cross the street
- •4. Fill in the blanks with suitable verbs. Give several variants where possible.
- •6. Translate the sentences into English using the Complex Object.
- •1. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the Complex Subject.
- •2. Open the brackets using the correct form of the Infinitive.
- •3. Translate the words in brackets.
- •3. Paraphrase the following sentences using the Complex Subject.
- •4. Transform the following sentences using the Complex Subject. Use the verbs given in brackets.
- •5. Translate the sentence into English using the Complex Subject.
- •1. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian paying special attention to the form and function of the Participle in the sentence.
- •2. Open the brackets using the correct form of the Participle. Don’t mix these forms.
- •3. Translate the following expressions.
- •4. Transform the following sentences according to the model.
- •5. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms from the right column.
- •6. Complete the sentences, using the Participle.
- •7. Open the brackets. Use the appropriate forms of the Participle or of the Infinitive.
- •8. Translate the sentences into English using the Participle.
- •9*. Put in the correct forms of the infinitive or –ing.
- •This Way! That Way!
- •Insert the right form of the Participle into the blank space.
- •1. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian paying special attention to the use of the Gerund.
- •2. Fill in the blanks with prepositions where necessary
- •3. Match the parts of sentences in two columns.
- •4. Complete the sentences by translating what is given in brackets using the Gerund. Insert prepositions where necessary.
- •5. Translate the sentences into English using the Gerund.
- •6. Put the verbs into the correct form (Gerund or Infinitive).
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (Gerund or Infinitive).
- •1. Supply can, may, must and their negative forms (can’t / may not / mustn’t) where needed.
- •2. Rewrite these sentences using can, can’t, could, couldn’t.
- •3. Supply can, can’t, could, couldn’t, was / were able to, managed to. Alternatives are possible.
- •4. Supply suitable forms of to be able to in these sentences.
- •5. Complete the sentences with must, mustn’t, needn’t.
- •6. Supply must have been, can’t, couldn’t have been, have to, had to (be), didn’t have to (be).
- •7. Rephrase these notices to give or refuse permission. Begin each sentence with You…..
- •8. Supply the correct tense form of to allowed to.
- •9. Respond to these statements with should, shouldn’t, shouldn’t have done that, oughtn’t to have done that.
- •10. Translate the sentences using can / could / to be able to, may / might, must / to be to / to have to, should / ought to, need.
- •11*. Put in am, can, can’t, couldn’t, have had to, haven’t been able to, may, must, must be, must have. Remember me?
11*. Put in am, can, can’t, couldn’t, have had to, haven’t been able to, may, must, must be, must have. Remember me?
There was a knock at the door. I opened it and saw a stranger. ‘Hello, Fred,’ he cried. ‘May / Can I come in?’ ‘How do you know my name?’ I asked. ‘We met ten years ago on a ferry-boat and you gave me your card.’ ‘You ………. mistaken,’ I said. ‘No, I ………. not,’ the stranger said. He produced my card: Fred Ames. I ………. given it to him ten years ago, but I ………. remember it! ‘I ……….. remember you,’ I said. ‘We exchanged cards years ago,’ the stranger said. ‘You said, “You ………. come and stay with us for as long as you like any time you’re in England.” I’m sorry I ………. wait for so many years before coming to visit you. I’ve been so busy, I ………., but here I am at last! Better late than never! I’ve just arrived on the ferry. My wife and children are in the car and we wonder if we ………. stay with you for a month.’
Revision Test on Modals and their Equivalents
Choose the most appropriate answer.
1. You _______ go there with me. I can handle it myself, it’s not difficult.
a) may not b) must not c) don’t have to d) had better not
2. ________ opening the door, please?
a) Can you b) Could you c) Will you d) Would you mind
3. I _______ give you a lift to the station. My car broke down yesterday.
a) must not b) should not c) may not d) can’t
4. I _______ Tom to help me, but I wanted to do everything myself.
a) was able to ask b) could have asked c) should have asked d) had to ask
5. He didn’t go to the park with us yesterday because he ________ write a report.
a) should b) must c) had to d) could
6. I left my bag here just 5 minutes ago. You _________ it!
a) should have seen b) must have seen c) were able to see d) could see
7. You _______ the bills 2 weeks ago!
a) had better pay b) should pay c) ought to pay d) should have paid
8. I don’t know how to help you. Try asking Anton for help. He ________ be able to find a solution.
a) must b) has to c) might d) will
9. I ________ play tennis when I was younger, but I don’t now.
a) had to b) was able to c) used to d) should
10. You want to call them now? It’s already after midnight! They ________ .
a) must sleep b) should sleep c) may sleep d) must be sleeping
APPENDICES
Appendix 1 List of irregular verbs
Infinitive |
Past Simple |
Past Participle (Participle II) |
Translation |
to be |
was / were |
been |
бути |
to beat |
beat |
beaten |
бити |
to bear |
bore |
born |
нести, родити |
to become |
became |
become |
ставати |
to begin |
began |
begun |
починати |
to bend |
bent |
bent |
згинати(ся) |
to bet |
bet |
bet |
робити ставки, битися об заклад |
to bite |
bit |
bitten |
кусати |
to blow |
blew |
blown |
дути |
to break |
broke |
broken |
розбивати, ламати |
to bring |
brought |
brought |
приносити |
to build |
built |
built |
будувати |
to burst |
burst |
burst |
розриватися, вибухати |
to buy |
bought |
bought |
купувати |
to catch |
caught |
caught |
ловити, спіймати |
to choose |
chose |
chosen |
вибирати |
to come |
came |
come |
приходити |
to cost |
cost |
cost |
коштувати |
to cut |
cut |
cut |
різати |
to deal |
dealt |
dealt |
мати справу |
to dig |
dug |
dug |
копати |
to do |
did |
done |
робити |
to draw |
drew |
drawn |
малювати (олівцем) |
to drink |
drank |
drunk |
пити |
to drive |
drove |
driven |
їхати (за кермом) |
to eat |
ate |
eaten |
їсти |
to fall |
fell |
fallen |
падати |
to feed |
fed |
fed |
годувати |
to feel |
felt |
felt |
відчувати |
to fight |
fought |
fought |
битися, боротися |
to find |
found |
found |
знаходити |
to fly |
flew |
flown |
літати |
to forbid |
forbade |
forbidden |
забороняти |
to forget |
forgot |
forgotten |
забувати |
to forgive |
forgave |
forgiven |
пробачати |
to freeze |
froze |
frozen |
замерзати |
to get |
got |
got / gotten |
отримувати, діставати |
to give |
gave |
given |
давати |
to go |
went |
gone |
йти, їхати |
to grow |
grew |
grown |
рости |
to hang |
hung |
hung |
повисіти (стратити) |
to have |
had |
had |
мати |
to hear |
heard |
heard |
чути |
to hide |
hid |
hidden |
ховатися |
to hit |
hit |
hit |
вдарити, влучити |
to hold |
held |
held |
тримати, проводити |
to hurt |
hurt |
hurt |
кривдити, завдавати болю |
to keep |
kept |
kept |
тримати, зберігати |
to know |
knew |
known |
знати |
to lay |
laid |
laid |
класти |
to lead |
led |
led |
вести |
to leave |
left |
left |
залишати |
to lend |
lent |
lent |
позичати (комусь) |
to let |
let |
let |
пускати, дозволяти |
to lie |
lay |
lain |
лежати |
to light |
lit |
lit |
освітлювати, запалювати |
to lose |
lost |
lost |
втратити |
to make |
made |
made |
робити |
to mean |
meant |
meant |
означати, мати намір |
to meet |
met |
met |
зустрічати |
to pay |
paid [ped] |
paid [ped] |
платити |
to put |
put |
put |
класти |
to read |
read [red] |
read [red] |
читати |
to ride |
rode |
ridden |
їхати (верхи, на велосипеді) |
to ring |
rang |
rung |
дзвонити |
to rise |
rose |
risen |
вставати, підніматися |
to run |
ran |
run |
бігти |
to say |
said [sæd] |
said [sæd] |
говорити, сказати |
to see |
saw |
seen |
бачити |
to seek |
sought |
sought |
шукати |
to sell |
sold |
sold |
продавати |
to send |
sent |
sent |
посилати |
to set |
set |
set |
ставити, встановлювати |
to sew |
sewed |
sewn / sewed |
шити |
to shake |
shook |
shaken |
трясти |
to shine |
shone |
shone |
світити, сяяти |
to shoot |
shot |
shot |
стріляти, проростати |
to show |
showed |
shown |
показувати |
to shrink |
shrank |
shrunk |
скорочуватися, зсідатися |
to shut |
shut |
shut |
закривати |
to sing |
sang |
sung |
співати |
to sit |
sat |
sat |
сидіти |
to sleep |
slept |
slept |
спати |
to speak |
spoke |
spoke |
говорити |
to spend |
spent |
spent |
витрачати |
to split |
split |
split |
розщеплювати, ділити |
to spread |
spread |
spread |
поширювати |
to spring |
sprang |
sprung |
стрибати, виникати |
to stand |
stood |
stood |
стояти |
to steal |
stole |
stolen |
(у)красти |
to stick |
stuck |
stuck |
приклеювати, встромляти |
to sting |
stung |
stung |
жалити |
to stink |
stank |
stunk |
смердіти |
to strike |
struck |
struck |
бити, вдарити, бастувати |
to swear |
swore |
sworn |
клястися |
to sweep |
swept |
swept |
мести |
to swing |
swung |
swung |
гойдатися |
to take |
took |
taken |
брати |
to teach |
taught |
taught |
вчити |
to tear |
tore |
torn |
рвати |
to tell |
told |
told |
розповідати |
to think |
thought |
thought |
думати |
to throw |
threw |
thrown |
кидати |
to understand |
understood |
understood |
розуміти |
to wake |
woke |
woken |
прокидатися, будити |
to wear |
wore |
worn |
носити |
to win |
won [wΛn] |
won [wΛn] |
вигравати |
to write |
wrote |
written |
писати |
Appendix 2 Verbs to use instead of ‘SAID’ in reported speech
added – додав |
confessed – визнав |
insisted – наполягав |
reminded – нагадав |
admitted – визнав |
corrected – виправив |
jeered – глузував |
replied – відповів |
аnswered – відповів |
cried – прокричав |
jested – пожартував |
requested – попросив |
argued – погодився |
dared – відважився |
lamented – тужив |
revealed – розкрив |
аsked – запитав |
decided – вирішив |
laughed – сміявся |
roared – прогримів |
аssented – погодився |
declared – заявив |
lied – збрехав |
sighed – зітхнув |
аtoned – загладив (провину) |
demanded – вимагав |
mocked – насміхався |
smiled – посміхнувся |
babbled – пробелькотів |
denied – заперечив |
murmured – промурмотів |
speculated – міркував |
bemoaned – оплакував |
denounced – звинуватив |
named – назвав, вказав |
stammered – затинався |
bet – побився об заклад |
disclosed – викрив |
nodded – кивнув |
stated – заявив |
blurted – ляпнув |
drawled – розтягував слова |
offered – запропонував |
stipulated – передбачив |
bragged – похвалився |
ended – закінчив |
ordered – наказав |
stormed – лютував |
called – покликав, назвав |
enumerated – перелічив |
outlined – підкреслив |
suggested – пропонував |
cautioned – застеріг |
estimated – оцінив |
panted – задихнувся |
temped – спокушав |
challenged – кинув виклик |
exclaimed – вигукнув |
pleaded – благав |
vocalized – наспівував |
chatted – базікав |
explained – пояснив |
praised – похвалив |
volunteered – визвався |
cheered – привітав (вигуками) |
fretted – роздратувався |
prayed – благав |
wailed – волав |
chuckled – прохихотів |
gasped – задихнувся |
presented – представив |
wept – плакав |
cited – процитував |
greeted – привітав |
promised – пообіцяв |
whispered – шепотів |
claimed – заявив |
hinted – натякнув |
questioned – запитав |
wondered – здивувався |
coaxed – умовляв |
indicated – вказав |
quoted – процитував |
yelled – прокричав |
conceded – припустив |
informed – повідомив |
rejoiced – зрадів |
|
Appendix 3 Types of Questions
За характером запитання і потрібної на нього відповіді в англійській мові розрізняють чотири типи запитань.
Загальне запитання (general / ‘yes-no question’), потребує чіткої відповіді yes / no
Do you live here? / Are you writing a message? / Has he done it?
Спеціальне запитання (special), починається питальними словами who / what / where / when / how, etc:
а) запитання до різних членів речення;
Where did you get it? / How long have you been discussing it? / Where does he come from?
б) запитання до підмета і його означення, де зберігається прямий порядок слів.
Who’s there? / Who has done this terrible thing with my fur-coat? / Who knows the answer?
Альтернативне запитання (alternative) – запитання вибору, що складається з двох частин, з’єднаних сполучником or. Таке запитання вимагає короткої, чіткої відповіді.
Would you like tea or coffee? – I prefer coffee / Is it of a yellow or green color? – It’s green.
Розділове запитання (disjunctive). Перша частина – розповідне речення у стверджувальній або в заперечній формі, друга – коротке загальне запитання, що складається з підмета, вираженого особовим займенником, та допоміжного або модального дієслова.
You read much, don’t you? / He has run into me in the street, hasn’t he? / You arrived yesterday, didn’t you?
Пам’ятка:
Якщо перша частина запитання, розповідне речення, стоїть у заперечній формі, то друга частина є ствердженням.
They won’t come tomorrow, will they? / It wasn’t you who did it, was it? / We aren’t listening to that music, are we?
Appendix 4 Punctuation / Capitalization
Punctuation sign |
Graphical symbol |
Usage |
Example |
Full stop |
. |
Позначає кінець речення. |
Let’s make friends because I like you. |
Question mark |
? |
|
Who was the first to help me? He came here in 2001 (?) and moved away in 2008. |
Exclamation mark |
! |
У кінці речення для вираження злості, здивування або інших сильних емоцій. |
‘How clever you are!’ he cried. |
Comma |
, |
|
He likes cars, girls and rock music. She listened to him, but didn’t believe him. It happened on Saturday, July 9, 1975. / They live in Miami, Florida. Well, I hardly know you. / Yes, I’ll come with you there. He has a motor scooter, doesn’t he? |
Colon |
: |
|
The house had been neglected for a long time: it was dark and dirty.
You should act as follows: stay calm, get ready and speak out. |
Semicolon |
; |
|
The weather was getting warmer; the nights became longer.
There were two things to do: first, to get money; second, to make a transaction. |
Dash |
– |
Замість двокрапки / крапки з комою в реченнях з емоційним забарвленням. |
You’ve betrayed me for hundred times – how can I ever trust you again? |
Parentheses (Br. Brackets) |
( ) |
Для подання додаткової інформації / уточнення. |
My neighbor (a very nice lady) has got married recently. / This scheme (see the picture on page 25) can be used in this project. |
Quotation marks (Br. Inverted commas) |
‘ ’ |
Br. – single ‘Fire!’ / Am. – double “Fire!” У непрямій мові / біля слова, фрази для привернення уваги читача. |
‘You are fired!’ the chief said to a subordinate. / He called himself ‘Mr. Know-All’ but he could never find a proper answer. |
Hyphen |
- |
У складних іменниках, прикметниках. |
mother-in-law / fork-lift truck / anti-Nazi / kink-hearted / out-of-date |
Apostrophe |
’ |
У присвійному відмінкуіменників / скорочених формах для опущення літер, цифр. |
the girl’s smile / students’ errors / he’s (=he is / he has) / they’d (=they would / they had) / in ’88 (=in 1988) |
Slash |
/ |
При перерахуванні предметів у реченні та поза ним. |
We use modals can / may / must in these sentences. |
Основні правила написання великої букви
На початку речення.
She likes to study / Where are you going?
З іменами людей, назвами речей або місць.
Richard Nixon visited the Great Wall of China. / My favorite book is The Fall of Roman Empire.
З іменами (назвами) релігій, національностей, мов та країн.
In Brazil they speak Portuguese. / Most Brazilians are Catholics.
Із назвами днів тижня, місяців року, із назвами свят.
This event happened on St. Valentine’s Day, Monday, February 14th .
Пам’ятка:
Назви пір року пишуть із маленької букви.
We usually have good weather in spring. / They seldom go to their country house in winter as there’s no central heating there.
Appendix 5 Numbers (Cardinals / Ordinals / Decimals)
Cardinals and Ordinals (Кількісні та Порядкові Числівники)
Cardinal |
Ordinal |
Cardinal |
Ordinal |
1 one |
1st first |
16 sixteen |
16th sixteenth |
2 two |
2nd second |
17 seventeen |
17th seventeenth |
3 three |
3rd third |
18 eighteen |
18th eighteenth |
4 four |
4th fourth |
19 nineteen |
19th nineteenth |
5 five |
5th fifth |
20 twenty |
20th twentieth |
6 six |
6th sixth |
21 twenty-one |
21st twenty-first |
7 seven |
7th seventh |
22 twenty-two |
22nd twenty-second |
8 eight |
8th eighth |
30 thirty |
30th thirtieth |
9 nine |
9th ninth |
40 forty |
40th fortieth |
10 ten |
10th tenth |
50 fifty |
50th fiftieth |
11 eleven |
11th eleventh |
60 sixty |
60th sixtieth |
12 twelve |
12th twelfth |
70 seventy |
70th seventieth |
13 thirteen |
13th thirteenth |
80 eighty |
80th eightieth |
14 fourteen |
14th fourteenth |
90 ninety |
90th ninetieth |
15 fifteen |
15th fifteenth |
100 a hundred |
100th hundredth |
Large Numbers (Великі Числа)
1,000 a thousand
1,000,000 a million
1,000,000,000 a billion
Decimals (Десяткові Дроби)
В англійській мові в десятковій системі числення пишемо крапку.Кому ставлять під час написання тисяч. Під час складання рахунків кому не ставимо: 82103
10,001 ten thousand and one
10.001 ten point oh oh one
В англійській мові всі числа десяткових дробів читають окремо:
10.66 ten point six six
0.325 nought [no:t] point three two five
0.001 nought point oh oh one / 10-3 ten to the mines three
0.05 zero point oh five / oh point oh five
Fractional Numerals (Дроби)
1/3 – one third, 2/5 – two fifths, 5/6 – five sixths, 1/8 – one eighth, 1/2 – one half, ¼ - one quarter
Oh, Zero, Love, Nought, Nil
We say |
oh |
after a decimal point in telephone numbers in bus numbers in hotel room numbers in years |
5.03 67 01 38 No. 701 Room 206 1905 |
five point oh three six seven oh one three eight get the seven oh one I’m in the room two oh six nineteen oh five |
nought |
before the decimal point |
0.02 |
nought point oh two | |
zero |
for the number for temperature |
0 -5C0 |
the number zero five degrees below zero | |
nil |
in football scores |
5-0 |
Spain won five nil | |
love |
in tennis |
15-0 |
The score is fifteen love |
Percentage (Процент)
Процент –це десятковий дріб, його знаменник завжди 100, наприклад 3 % - threepercent– 3p.c.
Appendix 6 Measures (Linear / Liquid Measure of Capacity / Weight / Sizes / Temperature Equivalents)
Linear Measures
Measure unit |
GB / US |
Metric |
Translation |
|
1 inch (in) |
25.3995 millimeters (mn) |
1 дюйм |
12 inches |
1 foot (ft) |
30.479 centimeters (cm) |
12 дюймів / 1 фут |
3 feet |
1 yard (yd) |
0.9144 meters (m) |
3 фути / 1 ярд |
5 ½ yards |
1 rod / pole / perch |
5.0292 meters |
5 ½ ярдів |
22 yards |
1 chain (ch) |
20.1168 meters |
22 ярди |
220 yards |
1 furlong (fur) |
201.168 meters |
220 ярдів / 1 фарлонг |
8 furlongs |
1 mile |
1.6093 kilometers (km) |
8 фарлонгів / 1 миля |
1760 yards |
1 mile |
1.6093 kilometers (km) |
1760 ярдів / 1 миля |
3 miles |
1 league |
4.8279 kilometers |
3 милі / 1 ліга (льє) |
acre |
acre |
0,4 hectare = 4047 square metres |
акр (0,4 га = 4047 кв.м) |
Liquid Measure of Capacity
Measure unit |
GB |
US |
Metric |
Translation |
4 gills |
1 pint (pt) |
1.201 pints |
0.5679 liters |
¼ пінти / 1 пінта |
2 pint |
1 quart (qt) |
1.201 quarts |
1.1359 liters |
2 пінти / 1 кварта |
4 quarts |
1 gallon (gal) |
1.201 gallons |
4.5435 liters |
4 кварти / 1 галон |
Weight
16 drams (dr) |
1 ounce |
28.35 grams |
16 драхм / 1 унція |
16 ounces |
1 pound (lb) |
0.454 kilograms (kg) |
16 унцій / 1 фунт |
14 pounds |
1 stone |
6.356 kilograms |
14 фунтів / 1 стоун |
2 stone |
1 quarter |
12.7 kilograms |
2 стоуни / 1 чверть |
4 quarters |
1 hundredweight (cwt) |
50.8kilograms |
4 чверті / 1 центнер |
112 pounds |
1 cwt |
50.8 kilograms |
112 фунтів / 1 центнер |
Sizes
Clothes item |
Size equivalent | |||||||||
Shoes GB Europe |
2 35 |
3 36 |
4 37 |
5 38 |
6 39 |
7 41 |
8 42 |
9 43 |
10 44 |
11 46 |
Men’s Shirts GB Europe |
14 36 |
14 ½ 37 |
15 38 |
15 ½ 39 |
16 41 |
16 ½ 42 |
17 43 |
|
|
|
Men’s Suits GB Europe |
36 46 |
38 48 |
40 50 |
42 52 |
44 54 |
46 56 |
|
|
|
|
Women’s Dresses / Blouses GB Europe |
8 36 |
10 38 |
12 40 |
14 42 |
16 44 |
18 46 |
20 48 |
22 50 |
|
|
Temperature Equivalents
Boiling Point |
Fahrenheit (F) |
Centigrade (C) |
2120 |
1000 | |
1940 |
900 | |
1760 |
800 | |
1580 |
700 | |
1400 |
600 | |
1220 |
500 | |
1040 |
400 | |
860 |
300 | |
680 |
200 | |
500 |
100 | |
Freezing Point
Absolute Zero |
320 |
00 |
140 |
-100 | |
00 |
-17,80 | |
-459,670 |
-273,150 |
Для того щоб перевести показники температури по Фаренгейту в градуси по Цельсію, потрібно від показників відняти 32 і помножити на .
Для того щоб перевести показники температури по Цельсію в градуси по Фаренгейту, потрібно помножити їх на та додати 32.
Appendix 7 Flora and Fauna Glossary
Trees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Flowers
1. gladiolus / dahlia |
1. гладіолус / жоржина |
2. marigold / |
2. нагідки, календула, чорнобривець |
3. rose / dog-rose |
3.троянда / шипшина |
4. narcissus (-ssi) / daffodil |
4. нарцис / жовтий нарцис |
5. pansies / violet |
5. братки (садові) / фіалка |
6. lily / water-lily / lily of the valley |
6. лілія / водяна лілія / конвалія |
7. dandelion, blowball |
7. кульбаба |
8. snowdrop / cornflower |
8. пролісок / первоцвіт |
9. camomile / mallow |
9. ромашка (лікарська) / мальва |
10. poppy / aster / forget-me-not |
10. мак / айстра / незабудка |
11. orchid / cactus |
11. орхідея / кактус |
12. lilac / jasmine |
12. бузок / жасмин |
13. daisy / African daisy |
13. маргаритка, ромашка / гербера |
14. tulip / carnation |
14. тюльпан / гвоздика |
15. iris / peony |
15. ірис / півонія |
Herbs
1. horse tail, mare’s tail / spurge |
1. хвощ / молочай |
2. greater celandine / St. John’s wort |
2. чистотіл / звіробій |
3. coltsfoot, foal foot |
3. мати-й-мачуха |
4. plantain / valerian |
4. подорожник / валеріана |
5. nettle / motherwort, lion’s tail |
5. кропива / собача кропива |
6. wormwood, absinth / milfoil |
6. полин / деревій |
7. lung-wort / chicory, succory |
7. медунка / цикорій |
8. hawthorny haw / elder |
8. глід / бузина |
9. thornapple / hemp, cannabis |
9. дурман / конопля, наркотик |
10. periwrinkle / fern |
10. барвінок / папороть |
11. stick tights |
11. череда |
12. sage / mint |
12. шавлія / м’ята |
Animals
|
1. вовк / ведмідь |
2. rabbit / hare |
2. кролик / заєць |
3. fox / squirrel |
3. лисиця / білка |
4. deer / elk, moose |
4. олень / лось |
5. polecat / sable / mink |
5. тхір / соболь / норка |
6. badger / raccoon |
6. борсук / єнот |
7. beaver / coypu, nutria |
7. бобер / нутрія |
8. mole / jerboa |
8. кріт / тушканчик, земляний заєць |
9. hamster / guinea pig |
9. хом’як / морська свинка |
10. turtle / hedgehog |
10. черепаха / їжак |
11. mouse / bat / rat |
11. миша / летюча миша / щур, пацюк |
12. elephant / kangaroo |
12. слон / кенгуру |
13. giraffe / monkey |
13. жирафа / мавпа |
14. rhinoceros / hippopotamus |
14. носоріг / бегемот |
15. zebra / camel |
15. зебра / верблюд |
16. panther / leopard |
16. пантера / леопард |
17. tiger / lion (lioness) |
17. тигр / лев (левиця) |
18. jaguar / lynx |
18. ягуар / рись |
19. hyena / jackal |
19. гієна / шакал |
20. pig / cow |
20. свиня / корова |
21. lizard / snake |
21. ящірка / змія |
How the Animals Cry
Animal |
Sound |
Transcription |
Translation |
1. dog, hound, wolf, fox |
bark (bay) / howl |
[bα:k] / [be] / [hαul] |
собака, мисливський собака, вовк, лисиця гавкає, виє |
|
yelp |
[jelp] |
цуценя скавчить |
|
mew / purr |
[mju:] / [pз:] |
кіт нявкає, муркотить |
|
low, moo |
[lзu], [mu:] |
корова мукає, реве |
|
neigh / snort |
[ne] / [sno:t] |
кінь ірже, пирхає, хропе |
|
bleat |
[bli:t] |
баран, вівця бекає |
|
hiss |
[his] |
гуска, змія шипить, сичить |
|
quack |
[kwæk] |
качка крякає |
|
cluck / cackle |
[klΛk] / [kækl] |
курка кудкудакає |
|
grunt |
[grΛnt] |
свиня хрюкає, верблюд бурчить |
|
drone / hum |
[drзun] / [hΛm] |
бджола дзижчить, гуде |
|
trumpet |
[trΛmpt] |
слон реве |
|
buzz |
[bΛz] |
муха дзижчить, гуде |
|
roar |
[ro:] |
лев, тигр реве, горлає |
|
crow |
[krзu] |
півень кукурікає |
|
twitter / chirp |
[twtә] / [t∫з:p] |
птах щебече, цвіркун цвірінькає |
|
bellow |
[belзu] |
бик мукає, реве |
|
coo |
[ku:] |
голуб воркує |
|
bray |
[bre] |
осел кричить, реве |
|
croak |
[krзuk] |
жаба квакає, ворона каркає |
|
squeak |
[skwi:k] |
миша, кролик пищить |
|
hoot |
[hu:t] |
сова кричить, улюлюкає |
|
growl |
[grαul] |
ведмідь гарчить, ричить |
|
laugh |
[lα:f] |
гієна сміється |
|
howl |
[hαul] |
шакал виє |
|
chatter |
[t∫ætә] |
мавпа, сорока щебече, розмовляє |
|
scream |
[skri:m] |
орел, яструб, чайка, гриф, павич кричить |
|
warble |
[wo:bl] |
жайворонок виводить трелі |
|
gobble |
[gobl] |
індик кулдикає |
Birds
1. pigeon / dove |
1. голуб / голуб миру |
2. hawk (vulture) / eagle |
2. яструб (яструб-хижак) / орел |
3 crow / raven |
3. ворона / ворон |
4. owl / nightingale / swallow |
4. сова / соловей / ластівка |
5. parrot / pheasant |
5. папуга / фазан |
6. ostrich / pelican / penguin |
6. страус / пелікан / пінгвін |
7. starling / hoopoe |
7. шпак / одуд |
8. heron / crane / stork |
8. чапля / журавель / лелека |
9. thrush / woodpecker |
9. дрізд / дятел |
10. bullfinch / martlet |
10. снігур / стриж, юрик |
11. skylark / swan |
11. жайворонок / лебідь |
12. tomtit / sparrow |
12. синиця / горобець |
13. jackdaw / rook |
13. сорока / грач |
Insects
1. beetle / may-bug |
1. жук / хрущ |
2. spider / ant |
2. павук / мураха |
3. grasshopper / cricket |
3. коник / цвіркун |
4. flea / louse |
4. блоха / воша |
5. bug / cockroach |
5. клоп, блощиця / тарган |
6. wasp/bee |
6. оса / бджола |
7. hornet/fly |
7. шершень, овід, ґедзь / муха |
8. mosquito/gnat |
8. москіт / комар, мошкара |
9. butterfly/moth |
9. метелик / міль |
10. caterpillar / ladybird |
10. гусениця / сонечко |
11. dragon-fly / mantis |
11. бабка / богомол |
12. locust / scorpion |
12. саранча /скорпіон |
Stones / Gemstones
1. ruby / sapphire |
1. рубін / сапфір |
2. emerald / garnet |
2. ізумруд, смарагд / гранат |
3. amber / coral |
3. янтар, бурштин / корал |
4. turquoise / diamond |
4. бірюза / діамант |
5. amethyst / topaz |
5. аметист / топаз |
6. opal / alexandrite |
6. опал / олександрит |
7. pearl / nacre, mother-of-pearl |
7. перлина / перламутр |
8. malachite / aquamarine |
8. малахіт / аквамарин |
Fish (see lesson 11, Topical Vocabulary, point 6)
Vegetables / Fruits (see lesson 11, Topical Vocabulary, point 8, 9)
Appendix 8 Phraseological Units and Phrasal Verbs
|
A |
|
|
from A to Z |
повністю, від початку до кінця |
|
absence of mind |
неуважність |
|
of its own accord / of one’s own accord |
самостійно / добровільно |
|
of no account / on no account |
незначний / в жодному разі |
|
to drop an acquaintance |
припинити знайомство |
|
to add fuel to the fire |
підливати масло у вогонь |
|
a man of affairs |
ділова людина |
|
against grain |
проти шерсті, проти бажання |
|
to assume airs, to put on airs |
пишатися, бундючитися |
|
animal spirits |
життєрадісність, бадьорість |
|
another pair of shoes |
зовсім інша річ |
|
you are another |
сам такий, від такого чую |
|
to chance one’s arm |
випробовувати долю, шукати щастя |
|
to fold one’s arm |
сидіти склавши руки |
|
in arms / under arms |
готовий до опору / озброєний |
|
to dance attendance (on) |
увиватися навколо когось |
|
B |
|
|
babes and sucklings |
новачки, недосвідчені люди |
|
bachelor’s wife |
ідеальна жінка, “мрія парубка (холостяка)” |
|
at the back of one’s mind |
у глибині душі |
|
to jump at the bait |
попастися на вудочку |
|
to keep the ball rolling |
підтримувати розмову, продовжувати справу |
|
to bark up the wrong tree |
пошитися в дурні, зробити дурницю |
|
half the battle |
запорука успіху |
|
to make a beast of oneself |
поводитися обурливо, огидно |
|
a bed of roses |
легке життя |
|
between the devil and the deep sea |
між двох вогнів |
|
to be in the blues |
нудьгувати, сумувати |
|
to make old bones |
дожити до глибокої старості |
|
to buy time |
відтягувати час |
|
small beer |
легке пиво, нікчемна людина, дрібниці |
|
You bet! |
Звичайно! Аякже! Будьте певні! |
|
to be at one’s best |
бути в ударі, показати себе якнайкраще |
|
to bet one’s shirt |
ризикувати всім |
|
C |
|
|
to take the cake |
отримати приз, бути найкращим |
|
to call names |
сваритися |
|
big card |
популярна людина, душа компанії |
|
the cat did it |
чесне слово, це не я (жарт.) |
|
as like as chalk and cheese |
нічого спільного |
|
a fat chance |
велика ймовірність, ніякої можливості (ірон.) |
|
to appear on the cheap side |
прибіднятися |
|
to get the cheese |
зазнати невдачі |
|
clean as a pin |
чистенький, охайний |
|
under a cloud |
у важкому становищі, в опалі |
|
current coin |
поширена думка |
|
cold feet |
боягузтво, легкодухість |
|
to be in the collar / out of the collar |
мати роботу / не мати роботи |
|
to call to the colours / to join the colours |
мобілізовувати / піти до армії |
|
How come? |
Це ж чому? Яким чином? |
|
present company excepted |
про присутніх не розмовляють |
|
cool hand / cool cheek |
безсоромний / нахабство |
|
to make court to somebody |
залицятися до когось |
|
one’s cup of tea |
захоплення, улюблена справа |
|
D |
|
|
to call it a day |
вважати справу завершеною |
|
salad days |
пора юнацької недосвідченості |
|
dead hours / small hours |
пізня ніч/години перед сходом сонця |
|
to iron out the differences |
стирати (згладжувати) протиріччя |
|
Done with you! |
Добре! Домовились! |
|
to a dot / fit |
точно, детально |
|
Draw it mild! |
Не перебільшуйте! |
|
to drive home |
запевняти, переконувати |
|
to drop a line |
сказати, написати декілька слів |
|
to throw dust in somebody’s eyes |
вводити в оману |
|
E |
|
|
to box somebody’s ear |
дати комусь ляпаса |
|
wet behind the ears |
шмаркач, новачок |
|
easy meat |
людина, яку легко обманути |
|
to eat one’s words |
взяти свої слова назад |
|
hard-boiled egg |
безсердечна, нечуйна людина |
|
odds and ends |
залишки, дріб’язок, дрібниці |
|
sworn enemy |
заклятий ворог |
|
every now and then / every so often |
час від часу |
|
lame excuse |
погана, невдала відмовка |
|
to have an eye for something |
бути знавцем, мати пильне око |
|
easy on the eye |
приємний на вигляд |
|
F |
|
|
to draw a long faсe |
мати засмучений вигляд |
|
to keep a straight face |
зберігати незворушний вигляд |
|
fair field and no favour |
гра / боротьба на рівних умовах |
|
bad faith / good faith |
зрада / відданість |
|
to fall on one’s feet |
успішно вийти зі скрутного становища |
|
fair and near |
скрізь, повсюди |
|
to find faults with |
прискіпуватися / скаржитися |
|
to fly (show) the white feather |
лякатися, виявляти легкодухість |
|
to feel empty |
відчувати голод |
|
a finger in the pie |
участь у якійсь справі |
|
to give somebody the finger |
не виправдати сподівань |
|
to turn (twist) somebody round one’s little finger |
обвести когось навколо пальця |
|
cold fish / cool fish |
байдужа людина / нахаба |
|
to get the floor / to take the floor |
отримати слово / взяти слово |
|
a fly in the ointment |
ложка дьогтю в бочці меду |
|
the fool of fate |
іграшка долі |
|
beneath somebody’s foot |
бути під каблуком |
|
to put one’s feet up |
байдикувати |
|
free pardon |
повне помилування, амністія |
|
G |
|
|
to gain the upper hand |
взяти верх, перемогти |
|
game and glee |
розвага та радість |
|
to lead somebody up the garden |
захоплювати когось, вводити в оману |
|
gentleman at large |
людина без певних занять |
|
to get the mitten (sack, ticket, bird) |
бути звільненим із роботи, знехтуваним |
|
to look through green / blue glasses |
ревнувати когось / бути песимістом |
|
to go large |
жити на широку ногу |
|
can’t say boo to a goose |
боязкий, такий, що мухи не скривдить |
|
to turn geese into swans |
перебільшувати, прикрашати |
|
to break ground |
починати нову справу, прокладати шлях |
|
to go great guns |
діяти швидко й успішно |
|
H |
|
|
both of a hair |
обоє рябоє, один одного варті |
|
not to turn a hair |
оком не моргнути |
|
hand and glove with somebody |
дуже близький, у тісній дружбі |
|
to live by one’s hands |
заробляти на життя фізичною працею |
|
to live from hand to mouth |
жити надголодь |
|
off hand / on hand |
експромтом / поряд |
|
with a heavy / sparing hand |
жорстоко / економно |
|
to be hard on somebody |
бути дуже суворим до когось |
|
to lay heads together |
радитися |
|
a false heart / a free heart |
віроломство / легкість на душі |
|
to have one’s heart in one’s mouth |
злякатися, душа в п’ятках |
|
come hell or high water |
що б не сталося, у будь-якому разі |
|
in a hole |
у скрутному (фінансовому) становищі |
|
to sit at home |
бути пасивним, бездіяльним |
|
to pledge one’s honors |
гарантувати, обіцяти |
|
a willing horse |
людина, яка любить багато працювати |
|
after hours / golden hours |
після роботи / щасливий час |
|
full house / thin house |
аншлаг / напівпорожній зал у театрі |
|
to keep house / to keep the house |
вести домашнє хазяйство / сидіти вдома |
|
I |
|
|
to be on the thin ice |
зачепити небезпечну тему |
|
to break the ice |
порушити мовчання / почати знайомство |
|
a fixed idea |
нав’язлива ідея |
|
ills of life |
життєві труднощі |
|
J |
|
|
real jam |
задоволення, насолода |
|
a fat job |
тепле містечко, вигідна справа |
|
to put in jeopardy |
ризикувати / наражати на небезпеку |
|
the joke is on him |
він пошився в дурні |
|
to jump the queue |
пройти без черги |
|
K |
|
|
to keep (somebody) going |
зберегти життя / допомогти матеріально |
|
to keep oneself to oneself |
бути замкненим, відлюдькуватим |
|
to be in / out of keeping with something |
узгоджуватися (гармоніювати) / не узгоджуватися з чимось |
|
all in the same key |
монотонно, одноманітно |
|
to give somebody a kick |
приносити комусь задоволення |
|
it is on the knees of the gods |
Бог його знає, невідомо |
|
to knock somebody into the middle of next week |
надавати комусь на горіхи, гарно провчити / приголомшити |
|
to know what’s what / to know beans |
розумітися на чомусь, знати толк |
|
L |
|
|
labor of love |
улюблена справа / безкорислива праця |
|
at large / in large |
на свободі, безцільний / масштабний |
|
to take French leave |
піти непомітно, по-англійськи |
|
to take to one’s legs |
втекти |
|
at arm’s length |
на великій відстані, без близькості |
|
the length and breadth |
уздовж і впоперек |
|
let George do it |
не наша справа, нехай інші це роблять |
|
to take life in both hands and eat it |
марнувати життя, вести розгульне життя |
|
to see a red light |
бачити / підозрювати небезпеку |
|
the frozen limit |
межа, верх нахабства / щось нечуване |
|
to live on air (on nothing) |
не мати засобів до існування |
|
to live within oneself |
замкнутися в собі, жити своїми інтересами |
|
to look up to somebody |
поважати когось, зважати на когось |
|
for love or money |
будь-якою ціною |
|
M |
|
|
as mad as March hare |
навіжений, ненормальний |
|
maiden attempt / battle / flight |
перша спроба / битва / політ |
|
man of men / of moods / of nerve |
найкращий серед людей / людина настрою / витримана людина |
|
off the map |
той, що не існує / застарілий |
|
marriage of convenience |
шлюб із розрахунку |
|
to find one’s match / to make a match (to be made one) |
знайти гідного супротивника / одружитися (вийти заміж) |
|
be as it may / be what may |
пан чи пропав / хай буде, що має бути |
|
strong meat |
тверда їжа / щось важке для розуміння |
|
to bear in / to blot out of memory |
запам’ятати / викреслити з пам’яті |
|
milk for babes |
щось легке для розуміння |
|
to be hard pressed for money |
мати велику потребу в грошах |
|
to cry for the moon |
бажати неможливого |
|
to open one’s mouth wide |
розкатати губу, очікувати забагато |
|
useless mouth |
дармоїд |
|
to leave much to be desired |
залишати бажати кращого |
|
to face the music |
розплачуватися, відповідати за щось |
|
N |
|
|
to hit the nail on the head |
вгадати; вчинити правильно |
|
with the naked eye(s) |
неозброєним оком |
|
to have one’s name up |
бути популярним |
|
to have a nap / to steal a nap |
задрімати / задрімати крадькома |
|
narrow circumstances / victory |
важкі обставини / важка перемога |
|
a near go |
небезпечне становище / близька поразка |
|
near work |
кропітка робота |
|
to catch it in the neck |
отримати стусана, бути покараним |
|
a stiff neck |
упертість |
|
if need be |
у разі необхідності |
|
little nothing of life |
дрібниці життя |
|
back number |
старий примірник газети / ретроград |
|
in numbers / in round numbers |
у великій кількості / приблизно |
|
to look after number one |
піклуватися про себе, про свої інтереси |
|
to be nuts on |
бути знавцем чогось, дуже любити |
|
nuts and bolts |
основні елементи, ази |
|
O |
|
|
like one o’clock |
дуже швидко / охоче / міцно |
|
to be at odds |
сперечатися / не гармоніювати, не узгоджуватися |
|
to be well off |
бути забезпеченим |
|
good offices / ill office |
люб’язність, послуга / погана послуга |
|
oil and vinegar |
непримиренні протилежності |
|
that’s Tom all over |
це для Тома так характерно |
|
P |
|
|
to keep pace with smb / to set the pace |
іти в ногу, не відставати / задавати темп |
|
a pain in the neck |
надокучливий, прикрий |
|
to make a pass at smb |
загравати з кимось |
|
to grease (oil, tickle) smb’s palm |
дати хабара |
|
to have an itching palm |
бути хабарником, жадібним |
|
at pause |
вагатися |
|
to pay through the nose |
платити шалені гроші / розплатитися |
|
guinea pig |
морська свинка / піддослідний кролик |
|
a bitter pill to swallow |
гірка пігулка / тяжка необхідність |
|
a pill to cure an earthquake |
крапля в морі / жалюгідний півзахід |
|
to pin smth on smb |
покладати якусь провину на когось |
|
the pink of perfection |
уособлення досконалості |
|
a raw place |
слабке місце |
|
play of words / play on words |
порожнє красномовство / каламбур |
|
to be in / out of pocket |
виграти, мати гроші / не мати грошей |
|
deep pocket / empty pocket |
багатство / безгрішшя |
|
to get / give the push |
бути звільненим / звільняти |
|
Q |
|
|
to make up a quarrel |
помиритися |
|
vexed question |
спірне питання, що бурхливо обговорюють |
|
to cut smb to the quick |
зачепити за живе, глибоко вразити |
|
R |
|
|
to rack one’s brains about smth |
метикувати, ламати голову |
|
rain or shine |
у будь-яку погоду, за будь-яких обставин |
|
rank and fashion / the upper ten |
вище товариство / аристократія |
|
to smell a rat |
відчути недобре, лихе |
|
it stands to reason |
очевидно, певна річ |
|
red tape |
бюрократизм, канцелярщина |
|
flat refusal |
категорична відмова |
|
to return like for like |
відплатити такою ж монетою |
|
to take one’s revenge on smb |
помститися комусь |
|
neither rhyme nor reason |
безглуздо / ні сіло, ні впало |
|
to steal a ride |
їхати зайцем |
|
elbow room |
простір, свобода дій |
|
rough and ready |
зроблений недбало / груба, але енергійна людина |
|
S |
|
|
safe and sound |
живий-здоровий, цілий та неушкоджений |
|
for old sake’s sake |
по старій пам’яті, на згадку про минуле |
|
built on sand |
неміцний, збудований на піску |
|
to throw sand in the wheels |
вставляти палиці в колеса, заважати |
|
suffice it to say |
сказати достатньо |
|
it goes without saying |
певна річ, само собою зрозуміло |
|
no great scratch |
нічого особливого, не велика користь |
|
to be (all) at sea |
розгубитися, не знати, що робити |
|
search me |
звідки я знаю |
|
second sight / second wind |
ясновидіння / друге дихання |
|
to see far and wide |
мати широкий кругозір |
|
it serves him right |
так йому й треба |
|
to quarrel with one’s own shadow |
бути дуже дратівливим, нестриманим |
|
to shake in one’s shoes |
труситися зі страху |
|
to cast sheep’s eyes at smb |
кидати закохані погляди на когось |
|
that’s another pair of shoes |
це зовсім інша річ |
|
to talk shop |
розмовляти на професійні теми |
|
a shot in the eye |
ведмежа послуга |
|
to give smb the cold shower |
холодно зустріти, поставитися зневажливо |
|
to get under smb’s skin |
діяти комусь на нерви, дратувати |
|
a slip of the pen / tongue |
описка / обмовка |
|
native son / the prodigal son |
місцевий житель / блудний син |
|
a sore point |
делікатне питання |
|
Stand and deliver! |
Гаманець або життя! |
|
to be in a (great) state (about) |
бути (дуже) сердитим, схвильованим |
|
to dog / follow smb’s steps |
переслідувати когось |
|
hot stuff |
щось чудове / гарний працівник / непристойний анекдот |
|
to take smb by surprise |
захопити когось зненацька |
|
T |
|
|
to cross the t’s / to dot the i’s |
ставити крапки над і |
|
the ten tables |
десять заповідей |
|
to take a fancy to smb |
відчути до когось симпатію, захоплення |
|
to take tea with smb |
мати справу, спілкуватися з кимось |
|
Tom Thumb |
Хлопчик-Мізинчик |
|
to end in a tie |
закінчитися внічию |
|
first, last and all the time |
раз і назавжди |
|
nine times out of ten |
здебільшого, як правило |
|
to be on tiptoe |
очікувати в напруженні |
|
on one’s toes |
життєрадісний, діяльний, рішучий |
|
to have too much tongue |
що на умі, те й на язиці |
|
to oil one’s tongue |
лестити |
|
a ready tongue / a rough tongue |
гарно підвішений язик / грубий |
|
with the tongue in one’s cheek |
нещирий, лицемірний, знущальний |
|
touch and go |
зроблене дуже швидко, критичний стан |
|
a tour of duty |
стажування, чергування |
|
Dutch treat / to stand treat |
частування, оплачене порівну / пригощати, платити за гостину |
|
in green tree |
під час розквіту |
|
on trust / to take on trust |
у борг / вірити на слово |
|
to strain the truth |
перебільшувати |
|
twist in one’s tongue / of the wrist |
недорікуватість / спритність рук |
|
U |
|
|
it’s all up with him |
із ним покінчено |
|
up and coming |
енергійний, наполегливий |
|
What are you up to? |
Що ви задумали? |
|
at the utmost |
найбільше |
|
V |
|
|
behind the veil |
на тому світі |
|
weak vessel |
ненадійна людина |
|
vicious circle |
порочне коло |
|
bird’s eye circle |
вид із висоти пташиного польоту, загальна перспектива |
|
with the view |
з намірами, з метою |
|
still small voice |
голос совісті |
|
with one voice |
одноголосно |
|
living wage / wage freeze |
прожитковий мінімум / заморожування заробітної платні |
|
to go to the wall |
зазнати невдачі, збанкрутувати |
|
within four walls |
конфіденційно, секретно |
|
in warm blood |
зопалу, згарячу |
|
warm language / warm work |
лайка / напружена праця |
|
blue water / high water |
відкрите море / паводок |
|
tenth wave |
дев’ятий вал |
|
to go all the way with smb |
у всьому погоджуватися, підтримувати |
|
wear and tear |
зношуваність, амортизація, втома |
|
(and) what not |
тощо |
|
the wheel of fortune |
колесо фортуни, щастя |
|
wild guesses |
здогади |
|
of one’s own free will |
за власним бажанням |
|
there is something in the wind |
ходять чутки, щось назріває |
|
gone with the wind |
той, що зник без сліду, що не існує |
|
to clip smb’s wings |
підрізати крила, позбавити активності |
|
to see a wolf |
проковтнути язика |
|
a woman of the world / of fashion |
заміжня жінка / світська дама |
|
babes in the wood |
довірливі, простодушні люди |
|
fair words |
компліменти, лестощі |
|
Upon my word! |
Чесне слово! |
|
the outer world |
матеріальний світ |
|
eternal wound / green wound |
муки кохання / свіжа рана |
|
Y |
|
|
in years |
у літах, старий |
|
to show one’s years / to wear one’s years well |
старіти, згинатися під тяжкістю років / мати молодший вигляд |
|
to yield a point |
поступитися |
|
Z |
|
|
zero hour |
початок атаки, вирішальний час |
|
to reduce to zero |
зводити до нуля |
LITERATURE
Войтенко В.В. Разговорный английский. Пособие по развитию устной речи. – М.: Абрис-пресс, 2005. – 480 с.
Дроздова Т.Ю., Берестова А.И. Everyday English. – СПб.: Антология, 2007. – 656 с.
Дроздова Т.Ю., Берестова А.И., Маилова В.Г. English Grammar: Reference and Practice. – СПб.: Антология, 2003. – 344 с.
Карп’юк О.Д. English study. – Тернопіль, 2003. – 228 с.
Тучина Н.В., Меркулова Т.К., Кузьміна В.С. Read and Speak English with Pleasure. – К.: Майстер-клас, 2007. – 304 с.
Ходаковська О.О. Англійська мова. Граматичний довідник. – Х.: Веста: Вид-во “Ранок”, 2008. – 432 с.
Virginia Evans. Successful writing. Proficiency. – Express Publishing, 1998. – 175 p.
Murphy Raymond. English Grammar in Use. Cambridge University Press, 1998. – 327 p.
Printha Ellis, Ken Wilson, James Taylor. Move Ahead. Student’s Book 3. Macmillan Education, 2008. – 128 p.
Michael McCarthy, Felicity O’Dell. English Vocabulary in Use. Upper-intermediate&Advanced. Cambridge University Press, 1999. – 300 p.
Stuart Redman. English Vocabulary in Use. Pre-intermediate&Intermediate. Cambridge University Press, 1997. – 269 p.
John and Liz Soars. New Headway. English Course. Pre-intermediate. Student’s Book. Oxford University Press, 2008. – 143 p.
Taylore-Knowles, Steve Laser, Pre-FCE. Student’s Book. Macmillan, 2008. – 159 p.
Mann Malcolm, Taylore-Knowles, Steve Laser, B2-Student’s Book. Updated for the received FCE. Macmillan, 2008. – 207 p.
Howard Williams, Deirdre, Wilson Ken. Prospects. Upper-intermediate. Macmillan, 2000. – 91 p.
L.G. Alexander. Longman English grammar practice (intermediate level). Addison Wesley Longman, New York, 1998. – 296 p.
Мансі Є.О. English: Фонетика, граматика, тексти, діалоги, розмовні теми. – К.: Видавничий центр “Академія”, 2004. – 368 с. (Альма-матер)
EnglishExercises[Електронний ресурс]. – 2010. – Режим доступу:
www.englishexercises.org/
EnglishTexts[Електронний ресурс]. – 2010. – Режим доступу:www.englishtexts.ru/
NativeEnglish[Електронний ресурс]. – 2010. – Режим доступу:
www.native-english.ru/exercises
ЗМІСТ
ПЕРЕДМОВА |
6 |
ВСТУПНИЙ ФОНЕТИКО-ОРФОЕПІЧНИЙ КУРС |
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ЧАСТИНА I. РОЗМОВНІ ТЕМИ |
|
ВСТУПНИЙ УРОК. Знайомство. Комунікативні фрази |
12 |
УРОК1.Сімейні стосунки |
18 |
УРОК 2.Зовнішність, характер |
26 |
УРОК 3.Житло. Види житла |
35 |
УРОК 4.Дати, час |
44 |
УРОК 5.Природні явища. Пори року |
52 |
УРОК 6. Захист навколишнього середовища |
63 |
УРОК 7. Сучасні засоби спілкування |
72 |
УРОК 8.Комп’ютер у житті людини |
82 |
УРОК 9. Проблеми молоді |
94 |
УРОК 10. Покупки та магазини |
105 |
УРОК 11. Їжа та кухні світу |
118 |
УРОК 12.Здоров’я людини. Хвороби |
129 |
УРОК 13.Дозвілля |
141 |
УРОК 14.Мистецтво та його види |
151 |
УРОК 15.У місті |
165 |
УРОК16.Подорож. Митний контроль |
174 |
УРОК 17. У готелі |
188 |
УРОК 18. Свята та традиції народів світу |
203 |
УРОК 19. Україна. Її історія та сучасність |
212 |
УРОК 20. Англомовні країни. |
222 |
УРОК 21. Гроші, валюта, фінанси |
235 |
УРОК 22. Пошук роботи |
245 |
РОЗМОВНІ ТЕМИ |
255 |
ЧАСТИНА II. ТЕОРЕТИЧНА ГРАМАТИКА |
|
Артикль |
269 |
Іменник.Множина іменника |
271 |
Прикметник. Ступені порівняння прикметників |
273 |
Займенник |
275 |
Дієслово. Допоміжні дієслова бути, мати, виконувати |
277 |
Конструкція there is / there are |
277 |
Неозначена група часів: |
279 |
Теперішній неозначений час |
|
Минулий неозначений час |
|
Майбутній неозначений час |
|
Тривала група часів: |
281 |
Теперішній тривалий час |
|
Минулий тривалий час |
|
Майбутній тривалий час |
|
Перфектна група часів: |
283 |
Теперішній доконаний час |
|
Минулий доконаний час |
|
Майбутній доконаний час |
|
Перфектно-тривала група часів: |
285 |
Теперішній перфектно-тривалий час |
|
Минулий перфектно-тривалий час |
|
Майбутній перфектно-тривалий час |
|
Пасивний стан дієслів |
287 |
Узгодження часів. Непряма мова |
289 |
Умовні речення |
291 |
Інфінітив |
293 |
Складний додаток |
295 |
Суб’єктний інфінітивний комплекс |
296 |
Дієприкметник |
297 |
Герундій |
298 |
Модальні дієслова та їхні еквіваленти |
300 |
ЧАСТИНА III. ГРАМАТИЧНІ ТРЕНУВАЛЬНІ ВПРАВИ |
|
Артикль |
302 |
Іменник.Множина іменника |
305 |
Прикметник. Ступені порівняння прикметників |
308 |
Займенник |
311 |
Дієслово. Допоміжні дієслова бути, мати, виконувати |
314 |
Неозначена група часів: |
316 |
Теперішній неозначений час |
|
Минулий неозначений час |
318 |
Майбутній неозначений час |
321 |
Тривала група часів: |
323 |
Теперішній тривалий час |
|
Минулий тривалий час |
325 |
Майбутній тривалий час |
328 |
Перфектна група часів: |
330 |
Теперішній доконаний час |
|
Минулий доконаний час |
333 |
Майбутній доконаний час |
336 |
Перфектно-тривала група часів: |
339 |
Теперішній перфектно-тривалий час |
|
Минулий перфектно-тривалий час |
342 |
Майбутній перфектно-тривалий час |
344 |
Пасивний стан дієслів |
346 |
Узгодження часів. Непряма мова |
349 |
Умовні речення |
353 |
Інфінітив |
357 |
Складний додаток |
360 |
Суб’єктний інфінітивний комплекс |
362 |
Дієприкметник |
364 |
Герундій |
367 |
Модальні дієслова та їхні еквіваленти |
370 |
ДОДАТКИ |
|
Додаток 1. Список неправильних дієслів |
374 |
Додаток 2. Дієслова в непрямій мові, що вживаються замість ‘SAID’ |
377 |
Додаток 3. Типи запитань |
378 |
Додаток 4. Пунктуація / Написання з великої букви |
379 |
Додаток 5. Числівники (кількісні / порядкові / десяткові дроби) |
381 |
Додаток 6. Одиниці виміру |
382 |
Додаток 7. Довідник «Флора та фауна» |
384 |
Додаток 8.Фразеологічні звороти та вирази |
387 |
СПИСОК ВИКОРИСТАНИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ |
395 |