- •Unit 1: my future profession
- •Indefinite active tenses / continuous active tenses word formation
- •Lesson1: my future profession word formation, present indefinite active
- •My future profession
- •5. Answer the questions:
- •Consolidation of grammar material
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •Grammar
- •2. Pronounce the following words:
- •3. Read the text and translate it: organization of transportation
- •4. Make up ten questions to the text “Organization of transportation”, using active vocabulary of the lesson.
- •2. Pronounce correctly the following terms:
- •3. Translate the following word combinations containing terms:
- •4. Read the text and translate it: freight traffic
- •5. Answer the questions:
- •Grammar present and past continuous active
- •6. Write the exercise. Put each verb in brackets into the Present Continuous:
- •7. When (suddenly). Match the sentences on the left and the sentence on the right and make a new one linking with “when”.
- •8. Choose Present Indefinite or Present Continuous for the following sentences; correct sentences if they have mistakes:
- •Lesson 6: organization of transportation future continuous active
- •1. Translate the sentences; choose the correct word given below:
- •2. Complete and translate the sentences:
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •Grammar
- •2. Read the text and translate it:
- •3. Translate the following word combinations:
- •4. Complete the sentences:
- •5. Answer the questions:
- •Grammar
- •Current railways in kazakhstan
- •3. Answer the questions to the text:
- •5. Present Perfect or Past Indefinite
- •6. Study the table and remember:
- •7. Read these sentences and translate them. Pay attention to the use of the Past Perfect Tense.
- •8. Past Perfect / Past Indefinite. Put the verbs into the correct form, the Past Perfect or Past Indefinite:
- •Lesson 9: transport system of kazakhstan future perfect tense
- •Safety and reliability of railway operations in kazakhstan
- •2. Learn words and word combinations:
- •4. Agree or disagree with the statements given below:
- •5. Prepare a topic “Transport system of Kazakhstan” using the following word combinations:
- •8. Rewrite the following sentences putting the verbs that are in brackets into the Future Perfect Tense:
- •Lesson 10: modes of transport
- •Modes of transport
- •2. Add to your active vocabulary:
- •3. Pronounce correctly:
- •2. Answer the questions, using the active vocabulary of Lesson 10:
- •6. Translate the following sentences, standing in the Passive Voice:
- •5. Translate and compare the following sentences:
- •9. Translate the sentences. Put the following sentences into the Past and Future Indefinite Passive:
- •2. Pronounce the following words:
- •3. Translate the following word combinations:
- •4. Read the text and translate it: rail freight traffic
- •5. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions and translate the sentences:
- •Grammar in practice
- •9. Put modal verbs may or can:
- •10. Translate the following sentences:
- •11. Each sentence has a mistake. Find and correct:
- •12. Insert necessary modal verbs:
- •Lesson 14: cargo transportation modal verbs
- •1. Learn the following terms:
- •Training terms:
- •2. Pronounce correctly the following terms:
- •3. Translate the following word combinations containing terms:
- •4. Find pairs of synonyms:
- •5. Translate the sentences; choose the correct word given below:
- •6. Read the text and understand it. Be ready to answer the questions to the text: cargo transportation
- •7. Answer the questions:
- •8. Put questions to the underlined words:
- •Grammar modal verbs and equivalents
- •Lesson 15: rail freight traffic modal verbs
- •1. Remember the vocabulary:
- •2. Translate the following word combinations:
- •3. Read the text and translate it: transkazakhstanitrunkrailways project
- •4. Complete the sentences choosing the correct word given in the brackets:
- •8. Complete the sentences using “ can” or ((be able to). Use “can” if possible; otherwise use “be able to”:
- •2. Read the text and translate it: types of carriages
- •3. Complete the sentences:
- •4. Translate the sentences:
- •Grammar gerund
- •5. Translate the sentences.
- •6. Transform the sentences using the Gerund instead of the Infinitive.
- •7. Translate the sentences paing attention to the Gerund:
- •Lessons 17: wagons and carriages gerund
- •1. Learn words and word combinations:
- •2. Translate the following word combinations:
- •3. Read the text and translate it: carriages and freight
- •4. Answer the questions:
- •Grammar gerund
- •5. Transform the following complex sentences into simple ones using the Gerund.
- •6. Translate the sentences paying attention to the Gerund:
- •Lesson 18: wagons gerund
- •1. Add to your vocabulary:
- •2. Pronounce the following words and word combinations:
- •3. Build the right word combinations:
- •4. Read the text and translate it: wagons
- •5. Complete the sentences:
- •6. Answer the questions:
- •7. Give terms to the following definitions:
- •9. Complete the following sentences:
- •Unit 4: conditions of freight traffic; cargo and its specifications
- •2. Read the text and translate it: safety rules of transportation and emergency preparedness
- •3. Match synonyms in the first column to the synonyms in the second:
- •Criteria of freight traffic
- •3. Finish the sentences:
- •Lesson 21: safety of transportation participle I
- •1. Read and translate the text:
- •2. Learn words and word combinations:
- •3. Translate the following word combinations:
- •4. Complete the sentences in accordance with the text:
- •5. Retell the text “Safety”.
- •6. Remember new words and word combinations:
- •7. Read and translate advertising texts of transport companies:
- •Grammar
- •2. Read the text and understand it: cargo and its characteristics
- •3. Complete the sentences:
- •Lesson 23: marking of goods participle I, II
- •2. Read the text and translate it: marking of goods
- •3. Make the summary of the text and retell:
- •2. Read the text; translate and retell it: dangerous goods packaging
- •Grammar participle I and II / gerund
- •3. Translate the word combinations; pay attention to Participle I and II:
- •4. Translate sentences; pay attention to the functions of the Gerund:
- •Unit 5: business travelling / business papers
- •2. Read the text and translate it: traveling on business
- •3. Read correctly:
- •12. Insert the particle “to”, if it is necessary:
- •Lesson 26: travelling on business
- •Lesson 27: travelling on business the visit of a foreign partner
- •1. Read the dialogues and learn how to make business conversations:
- •2. Fill in the missed parts:
- •3. Act out the following situations:
- •4. Make up short dialogues using the following words and word combinations:
- •Grammar
- •Infinitive complexes
- •5. Translate sentences with Objective Infinitive Complex:
- •6. Translate the following sentences:
- •Lesson 28: drawing up business papers
- •Business letters
- •2. Learn how to write a business letter:
- •3. Read, translate, and study business letters:
- •Lesson 29: paper work for all specialties
- •3. Put the parts of cv in the correct order:
- •4. Define what business document is represented by the given fragment:
- •5. Define what business document is represented by the following fragment.
- •6. Write your own business letter. Lesson 30: invoices learn how to draw business documents:
- •Invoice 1
- •Invoice 2
- •Invoice 3
- •Invoice 4
- •4. Study how to draw up orders:
- •Литература
3. Complete the sentences:
The right rolling stock is available ..... .
Low-bed wagons are intended ...... .
Large consignments are transported by ....... .
Tank wagons transport ..... .
Silo wagons are ..... .
Chemicals must be transported with ...... .
A successful logistics company can deliver freight via ...... .
It helps its customers to get products to market ...... .
4. Translate the sentences:
There are a great number of goods that can be transported by different kinds of carriages.
There are very powerful cranes for discharging ships at this seaport.
Is there any demand for the pipes of this size?
There are some problems with transport in this town.
There are lights in the middle of crossing.
There were no empty places in the bus.
There will be a good infrastructure for railway in this country in some years.
There aren’t any airports in this district.
There are high-speed railroads in Japan.
There are many problems in the field of freight traffic: fuel saving, efficient loading and discharging, rational routes of delivery, time saving, correct stowage, traffic intensity and many other problems.
11. There are different kinds of goods: perishables, highly inflammable and poison goods, large dimensioned cargo and other kinds of freight.
Grammar gerund
Read and remember:
Герундий – это неличная форма глагола с окончанием “ -ing”, которая обладает свойствами и глагола, и существительного.
Как и инфинитив, герундий называет действие: reading – чтение, listening – слушание.
В русском языке нет формы, которая соответствовала герундию. Такие слова, как чтение, слушание – существительные которые образовались от глаголов, но не имеют грамматических признаков глагола.
Глагольные свойства герундия
a) Герундий переходных глаголов употребляется с прямым дополнением:
I like reading books. Я люблю читать книги.
б) Герундий может иметь определение, выраженное наречием.
They continued listening attentively. Они продолжали слушать внимательно.
в) Герундий имеет неопределенную и перфектную формы, употребляется в действительном и страдательном залоге.
Формы герундия
|
Active |
Passive |
Indefinite |
writing |
being written |
Perfect |
having written |
having been written |
Перфектная форма герундия Perfect Gerund выражает действие, состоявшееся раньше действия, выраженного глаголом-сказуемым предложения.
Thank you for having helped me. - Благодарю вас за то, что помогли мне.
Неопределенная форма герундия Indefinite Gerund употребляется:
а) для выражения действия, одновременного с действием, выраженным глаголом-сказуемым предложения.
He sat without turning his head. Он сидел, не поворачивая головы.
б) для выражения действия безотносительно к какому-то определенному времени,
Seeing is believing. Видеть- значит верить.
в) после глаголов намереваться, предлагать, настаивать выражает будущее действие по отношению к действию, выраженному глаголом-сказуемым предложения.
He had intended writing him. Он собирался написать ему.
г) для выражения действия, предшествующего действию, выраженному глаголом-сказуемым предложения, в частности после глаголов благодарить, забывать, помнить, извинять, просить извинения, а также после предлогов after, on
Thank you for helping me. Благодарю вас за то, что помогли мне.
I don’t remember seeing either of them. Я не помню, что видел кого-нибудь из них.
On receiving the telegram we went to the station to meet our friends. Получив телеграмму, мы поехали на вокзал встречать друзей.
Герундий выполняет в предложении такие присущие существительному функции:
а) подлежащего
Smoking is harmful. Курить вредно.
б) предикатива:
Его любимое занятие - коллекционировать почтовые марки.
в) дополнения (прямого и предложного).
He likes talking to me. Он любит разговаривать со мной.
She is fond of painting. Она любит рисовать.
Герундий имеет именные свойства:
а) перед герундием может употребляться предлог.
Nobody thought of going to bed. Никто и не думал ложиться спать.
б) перед герундием, как и перед существительным, может стоять притяжательное местоимение или существительное в притяжательном падеже.
Don’t fear my forgetting her. Не бойтесь, что я забуду ее.
I insist on my sister’s staying at home. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы сестра осталась дома.
Герундий употребляется после таких глаголов:
To avoid -избегать, to finish - заканчивать, to suggest - предлагать, to leave off, to give up -переставать что-то делать, to go on, to keep on - продолжать, cannot help - не могу не делать чего-либо, to enjoy - наслаждаться, to excuse - извинять, to delay - откладывать, задерживать, to fancy - воображать (в восклицательных предложениях), to mind - возражать (в вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях), to want, to need, to require - требовать, нуждаться
Герундий или инфинитив могут употребляться после глаголов:
To start, to begin -начинать, to like - любить, to try - стараться, to refuse - отказываться, to forget - забывать, to prefer – предпочитать, to continue - продолжать, to propose - предлагать, to intend - намереваться, to stop - перестать, to be worth – стоить, to be like – быть похожим, to be busy - быть занятым