Vocabulary

Judiciary	-	судебная система; судебная власть; судопроизводство
district court	-	федеральный районный суд
a court of final appeal	-	суд последней апелляционной инстанции
Chief justice	-	главный судья
associate justice	-	член суда
judicial circuit	-	судебный округ
to violate	-	нарушать (закон)
violation	-	нарушение
violence	-	насилие
justice of the peace	-	мировой судья
minor	-	незначительный
to provide	-	предусматривать; предоставлять
to handle	-	рассматривать, разбирать; управ-лять, регулировать
to hold office	-	занимать должность; находиться в должности

Ex. 1. Read the words and translate them into Russian.

The Senate, president, extraordinary, final appeal, legal, interpreting, facts, situation, immigration, municipal, local.

Ex. 2. Find the equivalents:

the responsibility	нарушение конституции
the final decision	ответственность
violation of the Constitution	судебное разбирательство
trial	правовые вопросы
justice of the peace	мировой судья
judicial independence	окончательное решение
legal matters	судебная независимость

Ex. 3. Translate the word-combinations into English using the following words.

1. Federal (федеральное правительство, федеральная система судов, федеральное судопроизводство, федеральные суды, федеральный судья).

2. Final (окончательное решение, окончательная апелляция).

3. District (окружной суд, решения окружного суда).

4. Court (Верховный суд, апелляционный суд, окружной суд, суд специальной юрисдикции, суд общей юрисдикции, городской суд, муниципальный суд).

5. Proceeding (уголовный процесс, гражданский процесс, апелляционный процесс).

Ex. 4. Combine the words into word-combinations and translate them into Russian:

to make	criminal and civil cases
to try	a trial with the jury
to hold	the president
to listen to	the final decision
to consider	testimony
to elect	evidence
to safeguard	judicial independence

Ex. 5. Change the verb phrases to noun phrases and translate them into Russian.

To appoint the Senate, to violate the Constitution, to decide the facts of the case, to establish a court system, to govern the country.

Ex. 6. Add the sentences.

1. The present federal court system includes…

2. The Supreme Court consists of …

3. The main work of the Supreme Court is…

4. The appeals court sits with …

5. The courts of appeals review…

6. The district courts try…

7. The supreme court of each state deals with…

Ex. 7. Translate the sentences. State the predicative Constructions.

1. We were heard talking to him.

2. Harold found Hercule Poirot sitting along on the terrace.

3. They knew him to be a young man without fortune.

4. The horse was seen descending the hall.

5. The colour was bright on her cheeks again, her lips trembling, her face so young.

6. We expect them to come back tomorrow.

7. Then Lynda’s footsteps were heard crossing the room.

8. The whole country is divided into districts, each of them having a federal court.

9. He did not wish you to come to the party.

10. She felt herself grow pale.

11. I heard the key turned in the lock behind us.

12. They thought him to be honest.

13. I would like us to love each other.

14. It was so frightening that Kitty, her nerves failing her, opened her mouth to scream.

15. The United States is divided into eleven judicial circuits, each served by court of appeals.

Ex. 8. Transform the sentences changing the Objective Constructions into Subjective ones.

Model: We heard them speaking loudly.

They were heard speaking loudly.

1. They thought him to be innocent.

2. I saw Helen standing by the window.

3. They expected her to take a distinguished career.

4. Major Blunt also heard Mr. Ackroyed talking to someone.

5. They saw her coming in.

6. We think the murdered woman to have come from London.

7. They know you to be working with me.

8. Somebody noticed him come in.

9. He found her sitting on the wooden staircase.

Ex. 9. Answer the following questions.

1. What is the third branch of the federal government?

2. What does the present federal court system include?

3. What is the highest level of the federal judiciary?

4. What is the structure of the Supreme Court?

5. What is the main work of the Supreme Court?

6. What is the second level of the federal judiciary?

7. What do the district courts try?

8. What is the structure of the state court system?