- •Федеральное агентство по образованию
- •Unit I the tourist industry step 1 Vocabulary list
- •Step 2 Introductory text
- •Step 3 Reading and translation the tourist industry
- •Step 4 Vocabulary practice
- •Step 5 Developing reading skills
- •The Domestic Visitor
- •The International Visitor
- •Classification of International Visitors
- •The International Tourist
- •The Excursionist or the Same-Day Visitor
- •Travel Motivation
- •Climate
- •Personal Motives
- •International Tourism Trends
- •Step 6 Test tasks
- •Unit II working in tourism step 1 Vocabulary list
- •Step 2 Introductory text
- •Step 3 Reading and translation careers in tourism
- •Step 4 Vocabulary practice
- •Step 5 Developing reading skills
- •Step 6 Test tasks
- •Unit III travel agents step 1 Vocabulary list
- •Step 2 Introductory text
- •Step 3 Reading and translation the retail travel agent
- •Step 4 Vocabulary practice Two-Part Verbs
- •Step 5 Developing reading skills
- •Travel agents try not to miss internet boat Online Booking Threatens Traditional High Street Outlets
- •Step 6 Test tasks
- •Unit IV tour operators step I Vocabulary list
- •Step 2 Introductory text
- •Step 3 Reading and translation tour operators
- •Step 4 Vocabulary practice
- •Hotel contracting
- •When the welcome is frosty
- •Step 5 Developing reading skills
- •Tour guides
- •Step 6 Test tasks
- •Unit V tourist promotion step 1 Vocabulary list
- •Step 2 Introductory text
- •Step 3 Reading and translation tourist promotion
- •Step 4 Vocabulary practice
- •Step 5 Developing reading skills
- •Promotional tools
- •Brochures
- •Main Target Markets
- •Making Brochure Work
- •Copywriting
- •Grab Attention by Direct Addressing
- •Some Copywriting Hints
- •Step 6 Test tasks
- •Unit VI tourist attractions and entertainment
- •Step 1 Vocabulary list
- •Step 2 Introductory text
- •Step 3 Reading and translation
- •Tourist attractions and entertainment
- •Step 4 Vocabulary practice
- •Compound Nouns
- •Step 5 Developing reading skills
- •How disney does it
- •Unit VII tourism and transporattion
- •Step 1 Vocabulary list
- •Step 2 Introductory text
- •Step 3 Reading and translation
- •Tourism and transportation
- •Step 4 Vocabulary practice
- •Sail away
- •Imagine that you recently accompanied a group
- •4.1 Put the words in the right order to make correct sentences.
- •4.2. Put the underlined words into the correct order.
- •4.3. Join the verbs and prepositions and make phrasal verbs to replace the words underlined in the sentences below.
- •Step 5 Developing reading skills
- •Air transport and tourism
- •Cost Structures of Airline Companies
- •Direct Operating Costs
- •Indirect Operating Cost
- •General and Administration Costs
- •Labour Costs
- •International tourism development: problems of equipment and infrastructure
- •Ground and Station Equipment and Hospitality Services
- •Air Fare Tariffs
- •Step 6 Test tasks
- •Unit VIII accommodations and catering
- •Step 1 Vocabulary list
- •Step 2 Introductory text
- •Step 3 Reading and translation
- •Accommodations and catering
- •Step 4 Foodservice
- •Step 5 Vocabulary practice
- •Adjectives and Word Order
- •Step 6 Developing reading skills the hotel trade in the world
- •Hotel Consortia
- •Integrated Hotel Chains
- •Hotel Franchising
- •Tourism lodgings
- •Second Homes Wholly Owned by Tourists
- •Second Homes with Shared Collective Services
- •Timeshare
- •Furnished Rented Accommodation
- •Seasonally Rented Furnished Accommodation
- •Cottages and Farmhouse Accommodation
- •Guest Lodgings
- •Social Accommodation
- •Restaurant Chains
- •Step 7 Test tasks
- •Unit IX regulation, research and development in tourism step 1 Vocabulary list
- •Step 2 Introductory text
- •Step 3 Reading and translation regulation, research and development in tourism
- •Step 4 Vocabulary practice british and american usage
- •Step 5 Developing reading skills
- •When the heat is on
- •Overseas markets
- •External Influences on International Travel to Britain
- •Step 6 Test tasks
- •Unit X environmental tourism step 1 Vocabulary list
- •Step 2 Introduction
- •Step 3 Reading and translation the environmental tourist How to Be an Ecofriendly Tourist in the Alps
- •Step 4 Vocabulary practice - Reporting verbs
- •Step 5 Developing reading skills
- •Does tourism ruin everything that it touches?
- •A Brief History of Tourism
- •Tourism Today
- •The Future of Tourism
- •Step 6 Test tasks
- •Unit XI business travel step 1 Vocabulary list
- •Step 2 Introductory text
- •Step 3 Reading and translation business travel
- •Step 4 Vocabulary practice
- •4.1. Match the verbs in a with the noun phrases in в to make expressions which are often used in meetings.
- •4.2. Match the adjectives in a with the nouns in b. Use a dictionary, if necessary.
- •4.3. Use the expressions from 4.2 (above) in the sentences.
- •4.4. This is an extract from a meeting about tourism in Goa. Fill in the gaps with expressions from 4.1.
- •5.1. Match the words on the left to the words on the right to make noun collocations and use the collocations in the sentences.
- •5.2. Link the adjectives with the nouns to complete the definitions below
- •Step 5 Developing reading skills
- •Travellers’ tips
- •4.1. Choose a title for the article:
- •4.2. Sentences a-e have been removed from the text. Match them to the correct boxes:
- •Step 6 Test tasks
- •The international executive lounge club
- •Unit XII customer relations in tourism step 1 Vocabulary list
- •Step 2 Introductory text
- •Step 3 Reading and translation customer relations in tourism
- •Step 4 Vocabulary practice
- •An unfortunate incident at ridgeway tours
- •Step 5 Developing reading skills handling a complaint
- •5.1. When It Pays to Complain
- •5.2. Dear Travel Agent, Please Stop the Cows Staring at me...
- •Step 6 Test tasks
- •Турфирма с грязными руками
- •Ленивого «кинуть» легко
- •Готовьте компромат
- •Contents
The Excursionist or the Same-Day Visitor
The excursionist is a foreign visitor whose stay does not exceed 24 hours.
The economic impact of the international excursionist is very important to small isolated countries which receive cruise-ship passengers.
In fact, visitors spending the night on ship board are classified as same- day visitors and not tourists. The excursionist therefore does not spend the night in the country he is visiting.
It is difficult, however, to determine the tourism definition of a short trip.
Generally, a journey is considered to be a trip when a minimum distance has been covered or when there has been a change of administrative district.
Commuting (daily journeys between home and work) and shopping trips are excluded from the excursionist category.
The business excursionist is generally an official representative or an agent travelling for his company. If his journey is not considered to be commuting to work he is registered in international tourism statistics. However, some countries now apply special restrictions when it comes to classifying the business excursionist.
They are either excluded from the international tourist classification or recorded in a category apart, even if they stay overnight in the country.
Excursionist tourism is particularly important for small insular countries like the Caribbean Islands. A large proportion of their market is tourists who arrive on cruise ships going out during the day but actually accommodated on board.
Travel Motivation
Travel motivation in international tourism can be divided into three main categories: price, climate and personal motives.
Price
Cost is a major motivating factor in international tourism. The low prices for tourism products in certain countries explain their success in attracting tourists from countries that have a higher general price level.
Study the information of visitors included into and excluded from tourism statistics:
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Visitors excluded from tourism statistics (a) people arriving in a country for work with or without a contract (including service personnel and people accompanying them); (b) people travelling to attend meetings or for assignments (sports, scientific, management). Employees of large organisations on assignments abroad for less than one year are also included; (c) people travelling for business (employees of commercial or industrial firms who are travelling to install machinery or equipment abroad etc); (d) students and young people at boarding schools or colleges and those who travel or work temporarily during their holidays;
(e) visitors from cruise ships even if they stay less than 12 hours. They can be registered as a separate group which does not take into account their place of residence; (f) transit passengers who cross the country m more or less than 24 hours; (g) foreign airline and ship crews on stopover in a country;
(h) musicians or artists on tour. |
Visitors included in tourism statistics (a) people travelling for pleasure, for health, etc. (including nationals who live permanently abroad);
(b) people who immigrate;
(c) people who live or work on an international border including those who live in one country and work in another;
(d) diplomats, embassy staff, members of armed forces stationed abroad (including their service personnel and people accompanying them); (e) refugees;
(f) nomads;
(g) transit passengers who do not leave the transit area in the airport or at the port.
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Source: WTO
The survey carried out by American Express shows that of European countries, Spain, Greece and Portugal are relatively inexpensive, compared to France and Italy. This, and the favourable climate in these countries, explains their success as mass-market destinations.
The USA and Thailand are popular long-haul destinations for Europeans and they are very competitive. The cost of travel to these destinations has fallen with the introduction of charter flights.
The differential in tourism prices between countries is a result of their different salary levels.
Tourism is labour-intensive and salaries make up a large proportion of product costs. It follows that tourists from high-wage countries are attracted by the low tourism prices in low-wage countries. Price differential is an important factor in the motivation of Northern European tourists to visit Southern European destinations and the motivation of North American tourists to visit Mexico and Latin America.