Grammar practice

VIII. Find in the text some sentences in the Active Voice, copy them into your exercise books, give simple grammar analysis of these sentences.

IX. Find in the text some sentences in the Passive Voice, copy them into your exercise books, give simple grammar analysis of these sentences.

X. Find in the text sentences with the Infinitives and define their forms and functions. See Grammar in Use section if necessary.

IX. Find in the text sentences with the Conditionals, copy them into your exercise books and define their types.

XII. Find in the text sentences with the Participles and define their forms and functions. See Grammar in Use section if necessary.

LANGUAGE PRACTICE

XIII. Match the words with the opposite meaning

1) cheap, 2) high, 3) sell, 4) question, 5) expensive, 6) purchase, 7) low, 8) response, 9) answer, 10) reply, 11) buy, 12) luxury.

XIV. Translate the following word combinations from Russian into English

перераспределение ресурсов, бутерброды с сыром, мясные продукты, отдавать ресурсы, едва ли стоило бы работать, более дорогой, ограниченные ресурсы

XV. Put special questions to the sentences

1. It is still possible to sell hamburgers at a profit.

2. People's desire to eat hamburgers guides resources into hamburger production.

3. The student behind the counter is working there because it is a suitable part-time job which pays a bit of money.

4. You probably prefer steak but that is more expensive.

5. Much of economics is devoted to the study of how markets and prices enable society to solve the problems of what, how, and for whom to produce.

6. The distribution problem is solved in a similar manner.

7. Markets bring together buyers and sellers of goods and services.

8. Society is allocating resources.

9. Adjustment in prices would encourage society to reallocate resourcesto reflect the scarcity of a particular commodity.

XVI. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs given in brackets

1. Adjustments in prices … society to reallocate resources to reflect the increased scarcity of cattle (to encourage).

2. If the wage … much lower, it … hardly … working at all (to be, to be worth).

3. The price of steak … high enough to … that society … the «for whom» question about lunchtime steaks in favour of someone else (to be, to ensure, to answer).

4. The job … (to be unskilled) and there (to be) plenty of students looking for work, so owners of cafes … not (to offer) very high wages.

XVII. Answer the questions

1. What do markets do?

2. What process does a shorthand expression «a market» mean?

3. Why do prices adjust?

4. Could the society answer the «for whom» question in favour of someone else if the price of a product is high enough?

5. When is it still profitable to sell something at a profit?

6. What way does a society allocate resources into production of any commodity?

7. What way do prices guide the decisions of buyers, owners and workers to buy, to sell and to take a job accordingly?

8. What do adjustments in prices encourage society to do?