- •Unit one
- •1 Treaties and conventions
- •Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation between (name of country) and (name of country)
- •Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques
- •The covenant of the League of Nations
- •Assignments
- •International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families part VIII: general provisions
- •XXV. Translate the extract from the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights into English. Международный пакт
- •Часть 1
- •Часть II
- •Convention on special missions
- •Vienna convention on diplomatic relations
- •Treaty Establishing the European Community
- •Articles
- •Final Provisions
- •2. Agreements
- •Cultural agreement
- •Memorandum of agreement
- •A general outline for a draft revision of the treaties explanatory memorandum: why a revision of the treaties?
- •Long-term programme for the Development of Economic, Scientific and Technical Cooperation
- •4. Implementation of the Programme
- •Assignments
- •Agreement
- •Commitment
- •Agreement
- •Exchange of Letters Constituting an Agreement
- •Exchange of Notes Constituting an Agreement
- •3 D e c l a ratio n s
- •Declaration
- •On the Promotion of the Relationship
- •Of Friendship and Cooperation between
- •(Name of country) and (name of country).
- •Declaration of the high contracting parties to the treaty on european union
- •Assignments
- •On voting in the field of the common foreign and security policy
- •On the use of languages in the field of the common foreign and security policy
- •European Parliament
- •Council
- •Commission
- •Joint Declaration
- •Declarations and reservations made upon signature United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- •Declaration on the basic principles of friendly relations and cooperation between the Republic of (name of country) and the Republic of (name of country)
- •4 Protocols
- •Protocol on Scientific and Technological Cooperation
- •Additional protocol to the convention
- •Final protocol to the Constitution of the Universal Postal Union
- •Protocol of signatures
- •Protocol (No ) annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaties establishing the European Communities
- •Assignments
- •Protocol №6 concerning tre abolition of the death penalty
- •Факультативный протокол к международному пакту о и политических правах
- •Unit two
- •1 Charter of the united nations
- •Charter of paris for a new europe a new era of democracy, peace and unity
- •Assignments
- •Capacity
- •Priority
- •Поправки к уставу
- •Charter (Constitution, etc.)
- •Final Provisions
- •2 Statute of the international court of justice
- •Statute of the international bureau of education
- •Assignments
- •Statute of the international
- •Court of justice
- •Chapter III
- •Procedure
- •3 Constitutions of united nations specialized agencies
- •Constitution of the world health organization
- •Assignments
- •Constitution of the united nations educational, scientihc and cultural organization
- •Unit three
- •1 Ratification
- •Instrument of ratification (by Head of State or Government)
- •Instrument of ratification
- •Instrument of ratification
- •Assignments
- •2 Accession, acceptance and approval
- •Instrument of accession
- •Instrument of
- •Assignments
- •Instrument
- •3 Reservations
- •Assignments
- •4 Denunciation
- •Assignments
- •Unit four
- •Resolution relating to the Application of the Convention
- •In Future Activities
- •Of International Organizations
- •Decision Adopted by the Universal Postal Congress
- •Recommendation
- •On the Need to Establish World-Wide
- •Technical and Operating Standards to Facilitate
- •Communication
- •Directives concerning Unesco's Relations with International Non-Governmental Organizations
- •1997/233. Provisional agenda and documentation for the forty-fir session of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs
- •Regulations for the general classification of the various categories of meetings convened by Unesco
- •International law commission Summary Records of the Twenty-First Session
- •990 Th meeting
- •Eu Council Resolution of 8 June 1993 on the quality of drafting of Community legislation
- •Unit five final instruments
- •2 Final instruments of international conferences
- •Exhibit 38 communique communique
- •Joint communique on the Signing of the abm Treaty Documents Released by the Office of the Spokesman, September 26, 1997
- •Joint statement environment of durable peace and security
- •Joint statement
- •Declaration on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
- •Council of europe
- •The final declaration
- •Article 1
- •II. Mandate
- •Final act of the Vienna Conference on Diplomatic
- •Intercourse and Immunities
- •Assignments
- •Declaration
- •Statement
- •Joint communique of the Governments of the Arctic Countries on the Establishment of the Arctic Council
- •Joint statement of the space station partnership
- •Совместное коммюнике об установлении (establishment) дипломатических отношений между Республикой ...И Республикой ...
- •Заявление о мерах укрепления доверия и безопасности и разоружения в Европе
- •International Olympic Committee Declaration on Doping in Sport
- •European Council in Copenhagen Meeting on 7 and 8 April 1978 Declaration on Democracy
- •Memorandum on Security Assurances in Connection with Ukraine's j Accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
- •Меморандум взаимопонимания о консультациях по вопросам, представляющим взаимный интерес
- •Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe charter for european security
- •Charter for european security
- •World leaders adopt
- •"United nations millennium declaration"
- •At the conclusion of the extraordinary three-day
- •Unit six
- •United nations communications 1.1. Formal letters
- •Secretary-General to Minister for Foreign Affairs (formal)
- •Exhibit.48 letter
- •Secretary-General to
- •Permanent Representative
- •(Formal)
- •Assignments
- •1.2. Informal letters
- •Assignments
- •Informal Letter
- •1.3. Notes verbales
- •Exhibit 56
- •Exh1bit57
- •Note verbale
- •Secretariat to Permanent
- •Mission
- •Exhibit 58
- •Note verbale
- •Protocol & Liaison Service
- •To Permanent Missions
- •Exh1b1t 59 note verbale Permanent Mission to Secretary-General
- •International year of peace
- •Exhibit 60
- •Note verbale
- •Permanent Mission to
- •Permanent Mission(s)
- •Exhibit 61
- •A) Note verbale dated 30 June 19__ from the Permanent Mission of the Russian Federation to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General
- •B) Note verbale dated 18 July 19__ from the Alternate Permanent Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations (Vienna) addressed to the Secretary-General
- •Note Verbale
- •Assignments
- •Interoffice memorandum
- •Diplomatic communications between states
- •Exhibit 66 verbal note
- •Exhibit 68
- •Assignments
- •Correspondence between foreign missions and local governments
- •Diplomatic protest
- •Verbal note dated 3 May 19__ from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of (name of country) addressed to the Embassy of (name of country)
- •3 Other diplomatic acts
- •3.1. Agrement
- •Exhibit 70 agrement
- •Assignments
- •Ambassador
- •Ambassadorial
Unit five final instruments
1. Final Instruments of Intergovernmental
Negotiations and Visits
Communiqués
(Joint) Statements
Declarations
Memoranda of Understanding
2. Final Instruments of International
Conferences
.Final Acts
Declarations
FINAL INSTRUMENTS
OFINTERGOVERNMENTAL
NEGOTIATIONS AND VISITS
Meetings between heads of government or state, as well as between ministers for foreign affairs, to discuss policies or problems of mutual interest to their countries have become common practice in intergovernmental relations. The results of such meetings are usually, for lack of time, not set out in formal treaties or agreements signed in the traditional manner. Very often, the participants confine themselves to the drawing up of a joint statement, declaration or
communiqué, handed out during a press conference and usually published in newspapers. Such instruments, however important or binding upon the participating governments, have none of the classic character of international agreements.
The final documents of intergovernmental negotiations or visits -joint statements, communiqués or declarations (whether signed or unsigned) come to life only if there is prior agreement between the participants on each paragraph, phrase or word in the text.
A communiqué is an official report on the course of international negotiations, and on the agreement achieved. It may be brief and contain an announcement of some fact or facts in general terms. Sometimes, however, it may be long and elaborate, and then it will include a detailed description of the course of negotiations, declaration of the decisions adopted by the participants and the terms of the agreement achieved.
Prior to World War II a shorter variety was predominant.
Today the idea has undergone substantial change. Final documents of negotiations or visits now embrace a wide range of important international issues and are becoming more meaningful. Communiqués as well as joint statements and declarations have become increasingly widespread, playing a far more important role in international relations than they used to play in the past.
The nature, content and tone of a final document are determined primarily by the nature of the states adopting the document -states with similar or different social systems, allied states or states members of the opposing military groupings, and so forth.
The first task a communiqué (joint statement or declaration) is called upon to fulfill is faithfully to reflect the outcome of the negotiations or exchange of views. In most cases the participants are interested in positive results - otherwise why enter into talks at all?
Although communiqués, joint statements and declarations (either bilateral or multilateral) are similar in their purpose, there are certain differences between them. A communiqué is a more general kind of document. Its prime objective is to inform the
press and the public at large of the results of the talks and of the atmosphere in which they were held. A joint statement is a document that is more binding on the sides. It presumes that something substantial has come out of the negotiations - either in the field of general international problems or in the field of bilateral relations - and in view of that the participants decided to issue a joint statement. Finally, a declaration is a still more weighty and binding document. Declarations proclaim identical views and joint intentions. All three forms of documents - communiqués, joint statements and declarations - record the decisions which have been adopted during the talks (for instance, it is announced that a consular convention has been signed during the talks, or that an-invitation to make an official visit has been extended or accepted, and so forth). The language of communiqués is business-like and dryish. Elevation of style is characteristic of joint statements, and particularly declarations.
In terms of its subject matter, a final document (unless devoted specifically to one question or event) breaks down into two groups of questions - international and bilateral relations.
Each side tries to reflect in the communiqué (joint statement or declaration) its attitude to the burning issues of the day (both global and regional ones). If such questions or events have been avoided in the final document, the omission invites the assumption that the sides have no common viewpoint on the topic.
The chief merit of communiqués (joint statements or declarations) lies in a precise, realistic and faithful reflection of the results achieved and of the positions of the sides expounded during the talks. The final document does not reflect the ups and downs of negotiations but their end results, and it is in setting down those results on paper that each phrase, word or punctuation mark should be thoroughly weighed.
In most cases communiqués, joint statements and declarations; have their own protocol part. When, besides negotiations, there; has been a tour of the country, mention is usually made of the, cities or important industrial, scientific or cultural centers
or projects that were visited and of the reception accorded by the population. In listing the participants in the negotiations, it is important to be very precise in stating their surnames and initials in conformity with the rules of the language concerned, and in observing the precedence dictated by the protocol.
The usual pattern of a communiqué ( joint statement, or declaration) is as follows: mention is first made of the negotiations (or a visit) that have taken place and their duration; then follows a reference to the meetings that have taken place and a list of their participants; then comes a general appraisal of the atmosphere of the talks and a range of issues considered; the part setting forth the results of the talks on international problems usually precedes the one relating to questions of bilateral relations. If an invitation to pay a visit has been extended, agreement on that is generally recorded in the final part of a document. It has been customary to note, at the very end of a final document, the significance of the negotiations for the development of relationship p between the two countries, as well as for international security.
Final instruments of intergovernmental negotiations are sometimes drawn up in the form of a memorandum of understanding, which has become common practice of late. (From "Modern Diplomacy" by K.Anatoliev).