Assignments

I. Read the text and answer the checkup questions.

1. What are the final instruments of intergovernmental negotiations and visits? 2. Which final instrument gives a detailed description of the course of negotiations? 3. What is the role of final instruments in contemporary international relations? 4. What are the main differences between communiqués, statements and declarations? What is a final act? 5. Which of them is the most binding instrument? 6. What style is characteristic of final instruments? 7. How are they usually elaborated?

II. Complete the following sentences using the required information from the above text.

1. Meetings between heads of government or state to discuss policies or problems of mutual interest to their countries have become ... . 2. Very often, the participants confine themselves to .... 3. The final documents of intergovernmental negotiations or visits come to life only if ... . 4. They now embrace a variety of ... . 5. The nature, content and tone of a final document are determined primarily by .... 6. The first task a communiqué ( joint statement or declaration) is called upon to fulfil is ... . 7. The chief merit of communiqués (joint statements or declarations) lies in ... .

III.* Suggest the Russian for:

1) the burning issues of the day; 2) the contradictory tendencies in international development; 3) elevation of style; 4) a general appraisal of the international situation; 5) international and bilateral relations; 6) the public at large; 7) a weighty and binding document; 8) in terms of their subject matter; 9) to attract world-wide attention; 10) to avoid embar­rassment or inaccuracy; 11) to issue a joint statement; 12) to reflect the outcome of the negotiations or exchange of views.

IV. Study the texts in exhibits 38 to 46, point out words and phrases pertaining to the formal style.

V. Memorize the phrases below, suggest their Russian equivalents.

1) to affirm one's intention to cooperate; 2) to agree on the major points; 3) to continue regular discussions; 4) to ensure control over the effective observance of; 5) to exert every effort towards; 6) to express

satisfaction at; 7) to grant privileges and immunities to; 8) to identify mutual priorities; 9) to lodge a complaint; 10) to make an urgent appeal to; 11) to provide all necessary guarantees against; 12) to pursue a policy of; 13) to reaffirm the importance of adherence to; 14) to reaffirm one's determination to act.

VI. Decipher the following Latin abbreviations consulting Appendix! if necessary.

et al.; etc.; ib.; ibid.; id; i. q.; p. p. s.; p. s. .

VII. * Study the use of italicized words in different phrases, suggest their Russian equivalents.

Declaration

customs ~; a joint ~; a political -; a solemn ~; a ~ for (against) smth; a ~ of independence; a~of policy; a~ofthepoll; a~of rights; a~ofwar; the D. on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples; the UN D. on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; the Universal D. of Human Rights; to make a ~ ; to sign a ~ .