4. Declarative sentence

 + have/has been + Ving

I have been witting for 3 hours.

He has been writing for 3 hours.

5. Interrogative sentences

Have/has +  +been+ Ving

Have you been writing for 3 hours?

Has he been writing foe 3 hours?

6. Negative sentence

 + have/has +not+been + Ving

I have not been writing for 3 hours.

He has not been writing for three hours.

Exercise 8. Put the verb into the Present Continuous (I am -ing etc.) or Present Perfect Continuous (I have been -ing etc.).

1. Maria ....has been learning... (learn) English for two years.

2. Hello, Tom. I (look) for you all morning. Where have you been?

3. Why (you/look) at me like that? Stop it!

4. We always go to Ireland for our holidays. We ………………………….(go) there for years.

5. I (think) about what you said and I’ve decided to take your advice.

6. ‘Is Ann on holiday this week?’ ‘No, she (work).’

7. Sarah is very tired. She (work) very hard recently.

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

We use the Past Perfect Continuous:

• For an activity, that had been happening for some before something else happened

Ken gave up smoking two years ago. He had been smoking for 15 years.

1. DECLARATIVE SENTENCE

 + had been + Ving

I had been witting for 3 hours before she came to me.

2. INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES

Had+  + been + Ving

Had you been writing for 3 hours before she came to you?

3. NEGATIVE SENTENCES

 + had +not+been + Ving

I had not been writing for 3 hours before she came to me.

Exercise 9. Read the situations and make sentences from the words in brackets.

1. I was very tired when I arrived home.

(I/ work / hard all day) I had been working hard all day.

2. The two boys came into the house. They had a football and they were both very tired.

(they / play / football)

3. There was nobody in the room but there was a smell of cigarettes.

(somebody / smoke / in the room)

4. Ann woke up in the middle of the night. She was frightened and didn’t know where she was.

(she / dream)

5. When I got home, Mike was sitting in front of the TV. He had just turned it off.

(he / watch / TV)

Follow-Up

Speaking

Exercise 10. Work in pairs. Make up a dialogue (connected to collecting, identifying, storing medicinal plants) using the chart below. Use the phrases for making, accepting and declining suggestions and active vocabulary. Act out your dialogue.

A

Ask what B’s plans are for the weekend.

.

Say what your plans are for the Saturday. Suggest doing something on Sunday afternoon

B.

Decline B’s suggestion. Give a reason. Suggest doing something on Sunday evening

Accept A’s suggestion

Offer to find out more information

Agree. Promise to call B at a specified time on Sunday