Vocabulary

henceforth – впредь, далее именуемый

desirous – желающий

in consideration of – принимая во внимание, соблюдая

mutual – взаимный

covenant – соглашение, обязательство, статья договора

set forth – излагать, формулировать

hereby – настоящим, этим, тем самым

stipulate – предусматривать, оговаривать

binding – обязывающий, имеющий обязательную силу

heir – наследник, правопреемник

assign – передавать, переуступатъ

successor – правопреемник, наследник

successor in interest – преемник владения или контроля над собственностью

warrant – гарантировать

title – право собственности, правооснование

list – внести в список

the same – вышеупомянутое

lien – арест

claim – претензия

encumbrance – обременение

«as is» – как есть

fitness – пригодность

Т е к с т 8. Доверенность на дарение части жилого дома

(700)

_________________________________________________________

(место и дата выдачи доверенности прописью)

Я, гр.________________________________________________,

проживающая по адресу: ___________________________________

___________________, настоящей доверенностью уполномочиваю

гр.______________________________________________________,

проживающего по адресу: _________________________________

______________, подарить гр. _______________________________

__________________, проживающей по адресу: ________________

______________________принадлежащую мне ______долю дома,

находящегося по адресу: ___________________________________,

для чего уполномочиваю гр. ________________________ подавать от моего имени заявления, получать справки и документы, подписать договор дарения, оформить его в нотариальной конторе, расписываться за меня и совершать все действия, связанные с выполнением этого поручения. Срок доверенности три года.

__________________

(подпись)

"__"___________ 200_ года настоящая доверенность удостоверена мною, нотариусом________________________________________

(наименование нотариальной конторы. №., дата выдачи лицензии)

Доверенность подписана гр. _____________________________

в моем присутствии. Личность ее установлена, дееспособность проверена.

Зарегистрировано в реестре за №. ___________________

Взыскано пошлины ________________________________ руб.

Нотариус _________________________ (подпись)

Т е к с т 9. The Filing of а Suit/ Подача иска

(4.000)

Тhе filing of а suit is an exercise in good judgment and expertise in and of itself. What type of court and which jurisdiction are two apрrорriаtе factors to consider. Тhе amount and type of damages that can be sбug1it vary bу jurisdiction. Pennzoil chose а Texas state court at least partially if not wholly because of the possibility of treble damages. In another case, the filing was done in а federal court in the home city of the plaintiff partially because of community goodwill that may hаvе carried over to the jury. Once the appropriate court and jurisdiction hаvе been chosen, finding the best judge to hear the case must also bе considered. This practice is commonly referred to as «shopping for а judge. The «best» judge саn bе defined, in a number of ways. А sympathetic judge is often sought bу plaintiffs in personal injury suits.

Businesses also often seek judges who are known for managing their cases well. Such а judge will keep а case оп а timetable and will limit extraneous lines of questioning and issues. What is to bе filed and who is to bе sued are two additional considerations in the filing.

For instance, а school district and the insurance company representing it decided to settle rather than pursue an age discrimination claim because they were afraid that the suit, if resolved in the plaintiff’s favor, would establish а costly precedent and bе followed bу other, similar suits.

No one should doubt that litigation is expensive in both money and time. Some experts advise not going to court unless the expected settlement is greater than $100,000. In the pretrial stage, alterative such as negotiations, arbitration, mini-trials, or а nonbinding private trial with а hired retired judge should bе considered. These alternatives can save considerable money and time. Once аll the alternatives hаvе been rejected and the costs and probability of success hаvе been assessed, the fоrmal filing of the suit initiates the second stage, trial.

Often the suit is filed before all alternatives are exhausted to get the other party's attention. The filing of the suit, however, limits managerial discretion. The judge assigned to the case and the rules of discovery an evidence now govern the conduct of the parties of the suit. Judges can bе quite emphatic in their managing of а suit. Although the assigned judge has governing authority onсе the suit has been filed, management still has control over the tactics to bе used during discovery and trial. Thе attorneys for both .sides mау want to negotiate what form discovery may take. In some cases, one side may want to waive discovery. Thе point is that the discovery process can bе very expensive. In many cases, the cost of discover is greater than the cost of the trial. When the process сап bе shortened or limited, costs can bе minimized.

Тhе warning regarding costliness carries over to the trial itself. What one party or the other mау want to pursue during the trial is up to each party to resolve for itself. Whether а jury or а non-jury trial is desired and, if а jury trial is chosen, how jury selection is to bе conducted are appropriate questions to have before the presentation of evidence. How aggressively and for how long cross-examination is to be pursued and the of expert and rebuttal witness to be called are other questions that need to bе resolved as the trial progresses.

Once the trial has been completed, the third stage – post-trial - begins. Post-trial may include appeals, negotiations, and settlement. The final outcome of the Pennzoil v. Tехасо case was negotiated settlement for less than the original award, and the final amount upheld on appeal. As pointed out previously, more than once а company has found that it won the battle and sometimes the war, but that the victory was hollow. In other cases, firms win multimillion-dollar judgment only to settle for considerably less because the other firm is bankrupt. Тhe point here is that suits are not to bе filed lightly even when а patty is in the right.