IV. Природні та техногенні катастрофи natural and environmental disasters і. Фонетичні вправи

Вправа 1. Прочитайте слова, звертаючи увагу на їх вимову:

a) to occur, eruption, earthquake, hurricane, wildfire, flood, drought, thunderstorm, violent, miles per hour, liquid, Japan, Mexico, Italy, Turkey, dry, desert, climate, half, enough, conflagration, lightning, negligence, rural, area, wildlife, excessive, car exhausts, chimney, to pollute, lead, poisonous, jet, to punch, hole, layer, greenhouse, unique, species, irreparable, to breathe, icecap, attitude, towards, otherwise;

б) occurred, destroyed, prepared, damaged, injured, moved, filled, lived, died, killed, coupled, helped, missed, forced, noticed, collapsed, attacked, worked, reached, trapped, extinguished, crashed, melted, resulted, reported, rotated, supported, divided, effected, provided, shattered.

Вправа 2. Зверніть увагу на вимову поданих слів-інтернаціоналізмів. Перекладіть їх.

Natural, nature, structure, tornado, volcanic, destructive, to result, column, to kill, gas, lava, active, activity, spiral, August, September, period, climate, uncontrolled, basin, factory, atmosphere, ozone, effect, chemicals, zone, to absorb, dioxide, oxygen, tropical, to contain, psychologist, temperature, the North and South Poles, to dominate, ocean, bank, planet, serious, to rotate, carbon.

Іі. Вправи на словотворення

Вправа 3. Утворіть нові слова, використовуючи словотворчі афікси, подані в дужках. Перекладіть.

(-IST): natural, material, real, human, arson, extreme, psychology, special, technology;

(-NESS): happy, kind, dark, destructive, effective, polite, ill, wild;

(-IC): volcano, materialist, naturalist, atom, history, period;

(SUB-): marine, tropical, title, conscious, way, standard;

(UNDER-): to weight, earth, sea, ripe, done, to estimate, to pay, ground, water;

(OVER-): to load, to eat, crowded, to cloud, to grow, speed, populated, to drink, dried, to pay, to estimate.

Вправа 4. Прочитайте подані слова, визначте в них словотворчі афікси та вкажіть, до якої частини мови вони належать. Перекладіть.

Environment, structural, suffering, arsonist, destructiveness, explosion, conflagration, ecologist, movement, important, overdried, eruption, positive, quickly, damaged, safety, inhabitant, subway, lightning, rural, drowning, to underweight, economist, volcanic, extensive, ecological, subtitle, overpay, to overdose, excessive, condition, underground, seasonal, population, physical, uncontrolled, melting, atomic, underwater, scientist, traumatic, submarine, dynamic, preventive, improvement, scientific, different.

Вправа 5. Перекладіть подані однокореневі слова. Визначте частину мови:

а) contaminate, contaminator, contaminated, uncontaminated, contaminating, contamination;

б) nature, natural, naturalist, naturalistic, naturalization, naturally;

в) organize, organizer, organization, organized, unorganized;

г) effect, effective, effectiveness, effectively;

д) ecology, ecological, ecologically, ecologist.