Question card № 33

1. Kazakhstan within the Russian empire (administrative reforms of 1822, 1824, 1867-68 years and their colonial character).

Elimination of the Khan's power in the junior and middle Zhuzah. The statutes of the Siberia and the Orenburg Kazakhs 1822-1824 gg. The first attempts Igelstroma (80-ies. XVIII cent.) Abolish the rule in Younger Zhuze. In order to bring policies to the edge of Russia Speransky (governor-general of Siberia) has developed a "Charter on the Siberian Kyrgyzstan" - in 1822, Siberia was divided into 2 parts: eastern and western parts of the Middle and Younger Juz. "Field of Siberian Kirghiz" is divided into districts, parish, auly. District - Senior Sultan, parish - the parish Sultan, aul - aul elders. Khan's government was abolished. "The Charter of the Orenburg Kyrgyz" - 1824 (Essen) - elimination of the Khan's power in the low Zhuze. Management is carried out cross-border commission. Jüz divided into parts, headed by one-Sultan, the distance (area between the fortress) - area (auls). All things considered the major imperial power. Administrative Reforms 1822-1824 gg. largely remained on paper. Before the colonial administration was tasked to enforce the provisions of statutes and subordinate Kazakh auly Russian authorities. To do this, there were a number of measures that were aimed at limiting the political independence of the Kazakhs in the steppe. After accession, Russia goes to the Central Asian beachhead. In Kazakhstan, a colonial regime established. It attracted the raw material resources. There appeared a number of innovations, breaking the old system of governance. In 1865, the Education Commission of the steppe for the administration of the province. The "Temporary Regulations" management introduced by Alexander II management projects in 1867 - Semirechinskoy, Syr Darya, 1868 - Project Turgay, Ural and Akmola, Semipalatinsk. The reform covered the entire region. Divide the area, counties, and municipalities. System shattered patriarchal-feudal order, limited the power of the sultans, chiefs. Reducing the influence of the aristocracy, this affected the whole life. Administration was of striking a military nature. At the head of the military were governors-general. There was principle of the undivided military and civil authorities. Parish steward was the police and regulatory power. There were established military-judicial commission and county courts. Adjudication was based on Russian laws. Provisions of 1867-68 years were introduced temporarily for 2 years, but lasted for 20 years. Completion of 80-90-ies XIX century, reforms cause protest. Subdivisions not correspond to the division of pastures.

2. The principal priorities of the strategic program “Kazakhstan -2030”.

Message from the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev of Kazakhstan (February 2008) «Increasing the welfare of the citizens of Kazakhstan - the main objective of public policy.» In 1997, was promulgated a strategic program «Kazakhstan-2030». Strategic Program «Kazakhstan-2030» - This document is a huge historical and political significance. It contained a detailed analysis of the situation to date has been disclosed «Mission of Kazakhstan», as well as those set forth «priority long-term objectives», as follows: 1) national security, 2) domestic political stability and consolidation of society, and 3) economic growth based on developed market economy with a high level of foreign investment, 4) health, education and welfare of the citizens of Kazakhstan, 5) energy resources; 6) infrastructure, particularly transport and communications, 7), professional state, limited to core functions. «There is a need to focus on the short and medium term objectives in the following priority areas. 1. extractive sector. 2.operezhayuschee provision of basic infrastructure sectors. The Government needs to take steps for the development of electric power, transportation systems. It is necessary to make concrete proposals to build a nuclear power plant in Aktau. 3. The program «30 corporate leaders» - it contributes to the realization of the practical development of non-commodity sectors of the economy. The current stage of development sets the agenda of a number of new important tasks before the country's agroindustrial complex. Improving the quality of life of our auls and villages will remain a priority for public policy. It must be food security. It is important to focus on the sectors of agriculture, which supply products for export. Cattle industry also has great export potential. As an additional measure to transfer the system to the international animal health standards. Now, on the priorities of macroeconomic policy. It is necessary to strengthen the work of the Agency's system of financial oversight. It is necessary to bring the tax system in line with the objectives of the new phase of development of Kazakhstan. A special mission of ensuring the efficiency and competitiveness of our economy is designed to comply with newly established on my instructions from the Agency for the Protection of Competition. It is necessary to strengthen the fight against inflation. »