2. The creation of KazAssr in 1920 year.

August 17, 1920 RSFSR reviewed and approved the draft Decree of the Kazakh Republic. August 26, 1920 adopted by Lenin and Kalinin signed Decree on the image Kigizskoy (Kazakh) Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the RSFSR with its capital in Orenburg held in Orenburg 4.12 October 1920. The founding congress of Soviets of Kazakhstan adopted a declaration of rights of workers of the Kazakh SSR. It consolidated Kaz SSR as a republic of Soviets of workers, peasants, Cossacks, Red Army Deputies. He was elected a Central Executive Committee (CEC) - Head Mendeshev, and the Council of People's Commissars (SNK). Autonomy existed only in words, Kazakhstan was a place of exile, the policy of genocide. Do not consider the ecology, culture. Full transition to agriculture.

Question card № 10

1. Kharakhitais state (political history and social organization).

Formation karakitaev is closely linked with the Central Asian tribes Kidane. Kidane lived north of China, on the territory of Manchuria and the Ussuri region. In the 924 year vast territory from Altai to the Pacific Ocean came under the aegis of Kidanskogo state. In 1125 the combined forces of China and sunskogo Chzhurchzhenskogo States to end the empire Liao. Part Kidane chzhurchzhenyam submitted to, and the other c / o land Yenisey Kyrgyz r reached. Emil and are built the same city. Since the approval of their authority over a part of the western branch of Semirechje Kidane, due to confusion with the Turkish-speaking local population, sets forth the name karakitai. In 1128 balasagunsky owner of Dynasty Karahanidov called karakitaev go against running roughshod over his kanglov and Karluks. Leader krakitaev Elyuy Dashi, taking Balasagun, eliminated karahanidskogo owner and founder of the state in Zhetysu. Then undertook a series of aggressive campaigns, razdvinuv border from Yenisei to Talas. After that karakitai kanglov conquered, and annexed East Turkestan in 1137 and in 1141 defeated the troops Maverannakhra and Seljuks. A special squad was sent to conquer Khorezm. \ Head of State was karakitayskogo title gurhana, which means «khan khans». Center of his possessions was Balasagun. In the army maintained high discipline in the country introduced a system of taxation podvornogo - with each house charged one dinar. His closest gurhan parts are not handed out as strengthen their fears and rivalries. Under their direct control Zhetysu southern, north-eastern region Isfidzhaba, Kulzhinsky edge. Part Zhetysu, north of or belonged to karlukskomu Khan vassal gurhana, the capital of which was Koylyk. Maverannakhra and East Turkestan continued to edit karahanidy paying tribute karakitayam. First gurhan died in 1143, and power passed to his widow, and in 1150 became gurhanom his son Elyuy Ile. After the death of Ile in 1163 for some time a country of rule of his sister, and since 1169 - the son of Elyuy Chzhilugu. Since his name is connected the new period in the history of state-wa karakitaev, when the governors of various areas have become virtually independent rulers and power gurhana became essentially nominal. If gurhany related to Islam is tolerant, if Chzhilugu began persecution against Muslims because of the commitment last Zee Christianity. In Zhetysu began extensive Muslim movement against karakitaev. Gurhanu Sacha managed to defeat risen, but with the advent in 1209 of Zhetysu naymanov situation has changed dramatically. Chief naymanov Kuchluk to become governor, and almost until his death gurhana govern on his behalf. Zhetysu mezhduusobnyh was the scene of bloody wars, riots and Muslim insurgencies. It lasted until 1218, before the emergence of Genghis Khan.