VI. B. A) Insert articles where necessary

1. … accident is unintentional event. 2. The direct cause of … preventable accident could be human error or some unsafe condition. 3. A hazard is … condition with the potential of causing injury or damage. 4. Often the primary causes of an injury resulting circumstances center upon … individual or human factors. 5. Most commonly considered is … effect of abuse substances of alcohol and drugs. 6. There are … many measures that can be taken to reduce risk due to such failures. 7. … safe work environment is important. 8. Many measures may be employed to reduce the hazardous nature of … given environment.

b) Insert prepositions where necessary

1. The direct cause … a preventable accident could be human error or some unsafe condition. 2. A hazard is a condition … the potential of causing injury or damage. 3. Often the primary causes of an injury resulting circumstances center … the individual or human factors. 4. Hazard elimination is essential … any successful safety programme. 5. For many people safety and injury prevention basically focuses … adhering to certain rules and regulations. 6. Many substances have detrimental effects … the physical performance of an individual. 7. Many fatal and injury-resulting situations occur … some kind of mechanical failure. 8. Mechanical failure can lead … tragedies causing hundreds of deaths. 9. There are many measures that can be taken to reduce risk due … such failures. 10. Daily, individuals are exposed … many situations that can be dangerous to the well-being of the employee. 11. Innumerable factors … our surroundings may contribute to unintentional injury events.

c) Choose the right variant

1. An accident (is / has) unintentional event. 2. The latent or potential causes (is / are) hazards. 3. Often the primary causes of an injury resulting circumstances (center / centers) upon the individual or human factors. 4. (For / as) many people safety and injury prevention basically focuses on adhering to certain rules. 5. Mechanical failure (must / can) lead to tragedies causing hundreds of deaths. 6. Daily, individuals are (exposed / exposing) to many situations that can be dangerous to the well-being of the employee. 7. Many measures may be employed (to reduce / being reduced) the hazardous nature of a given environment.

VI. C. Answer the questions and speak on factors in accident causation

1. What is an accident? 2. What is the direct cause of a preventable accident? 3. What is a hazard? 4. What are the causes of a specific unintentional injury event? 5. Why are human factors the most important causes of an injury resulting circumstances? 6. What can mechanical failure lead to? 7. What measures can be taken to reduce risk? 8. What measures can be employed to reduce the hazardous nature of a given environment?

VII. A. Read the text AUSTRALIA (I) and discuss it (English Speaking world)

At one time, all the continents were part of one huge land mass. Australia became separated from this land mass about 200 million years ago.

If you go to Australia it will seem to you rather an upside-down world. The seasons are the other way round. Summer is from December to February, autumn from March to May, winter from June to August, and spring from September to November. New Year is at midsummer, midwinter is in June. Hot winds blow from the north; cold winds blow from the south. The farther north you go, the hotter it gets.

Australia is the world's largest island and its smallest continent. Australia is the oldest of all continents. Australia is the only continent that is also a country. As a country, it has the sixth largest area in the world after Russia, Canada, China, the United States and Brazil. You will be dazzled with magnificent landscapes and unusual plants. It will seem strange to you that trees lose their bark, not their leaves, and a lot of flowers have no smell.

Now Australia is a multinational country. Five million people from almost 200 nations live there. Australia is the least populated of the continents. Only 0,3% of the world's population live there. The capital of Australia is Canberra.

upside-down перевернутый вверх дном bark кора (дерева)

smell – smelt – smelled of пахнуть populate населять

dazzle поражать, прельщать, ослеплять ярким светом, блеском, великолепием